Wellness Formula

Wellness Formula

Source Naturals Wellness4.8 (20 ratings)
Format:Tablet Quantity: 45 Tablet(s) · 15 servings
Goals
$10.49 $0.69 per serving
VitacostLowest$10.49Pure Formulas$10.49

About this product

Vitamin C and zinc lead the formula, supported by vitamin A, vitamin D3, selenium, and copper. Propolis, echinacea, elderberry, garlic, olive leaf, and andrographis add the most relevant botanical support.

A long list of smaller herbs expands antioxidant and immune pathways but makes the design difficult to interpret. Eleuthero sits below a useful targeted amount, so cognitive and productivity expectations should remain low.

Three tablets per serving and only fifteen servings make this better suited to short seasonal use than routine maintenance. Bee-product allergy and the strong zinc and vitamin C amounts are the main practical cautions.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking short seasonal immune support
  • People who tolerate bee products and multi-herb tablets
Best for
  • Short-term immune nutrition
  • Vitamin C, zinc, propolis, and elderberry support

Pros

  • High vitamin C amount
  • Meaningful zinc serving
  • Moderate propolis and elderberry amounts
  • Several standardized botanicals are named

Cons

  • Very crowded ingredient list
  • Many herbs are lightly dosed
  • Eleuthero is below a focused amount
  • Only fifteen servings per bottle

Warnings

  • Propolis can trigger serious reactions in people allergic to bee products or pollen.
  • The 23 mg zinc serving may cause nausea and can impair copper balance with prolonged daily use.
  • The high vitamin C amount can cause diarrhea or cramping and may raise kidney-stone risk in susceptible users.

Product analysis

56 out of 100
A potent nutrient-and-botanical immune formula offers real breadth, but crowded low-dose extras and a short supply reduce precision.

AI assessment of the formula, label and price. How scoring works

Nutrient quality49

Eleuthero extract is present only at a small amount and lacks active-marker standardization. The broad immune formula fits its main purpose, while eleuthero plays only a minor role.

Ingredient transparency65

Listed active weights are mostly clear, and no proprietary blend hides a combined amount. Complete use directions and inactive ingredients are not supplied, while repeated nutrient entries and many incomplete botanical forms make the label difficult to interpret.

Customer satisfaction63

The average rating is strong, and the review count is very limited. No review text is supplied to assess recurring complaints or purpose-specific experience.

Value for money46

The limited eleuthero contribution does not fully justify the cost. Serving value is weak for focused eleuthero use.

Format
Tablet
Container
45 Tablet(s)
Per serving
$0.69
Customer rating
4.8 · 20 ratings
Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Highest effect
C- Ingredient FitA+ PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Vitamin C · 1300 mgZinc · 23 mgVitamin A · 5000 IUVitamin D · 400 IUSelenium · 60 mcgEuropean Elder · 240 mgPropolis · 295 mg

Regular vitamin C intake may modestly shorten colds, while zinc and selenium contribute to normal immune function. The many botanical ingredients do not make that a reliable infection-prevention benefit. Their effects depend on the particular preparation and use, so you cannot assume that the mixed ingredients here will reproduce benefits associated with other extracts or delivery methods.

How this product is rated for Immunity

Ingredient fit58

Vitamin C may modestly shorten colds with regular intake. Other nutrients and botanicals broaden the contents without guaranteeing added protection.
Goal fit
Vitamin C may modestly shorten colds with regular intake.
Dose adequacy
Vitamin C supplies 1300 mg per serving; some other nutrient amounts remain unresolved.

Pathways100

The ingredients relate to normal immune-cell functions. These roles do not by themselves show that you will have fewer infections.
Depth
Vitamin C relates most directly to the activity of the immune system’s first-response cells.
Breadth
Several nutrients relate to different immune functions, but their combination does not guarantee a broader benefit against infections.

Evidence100

Vitamin C may modestly shorten colds with regular intake.
Evidence strength
Vitamin C may modestly shorten colds with regular intake.
Studied preparation
Vitamin C is a recognized nutrient; its declared form does not imply superior immune effects.

Formulation logic95

No particular ingredient conflict is identified. Unresolved nutrient amounts limit what can be said about the size of their contributions.
Partner coverage
No required ingredient partner is missing for the stated roles.
Conflicts
No particular ingredient conflict is identified.
Effective doses
Vitamin A amounts remain unresolved, so their size cannot be compared with nutrient references.
Study evidence
Propolis Supportive 6 studies
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Cellular Defense
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
C- Ingredient FitB PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Vitamin D · 400 IUPropolis · 295 mgVitamin C · 1300 mg

Zinc may help reduce low-grade inflammation when low zinc is contributing to it. Its normal role in immune function is a separate reason getting enough matters, but extra zinc doesn't imply added anti-inflammatory benefit when levels are adequate. Other nutrients and plant ingredients here don't automatically add up to a stronger effect simply because they're combined.

How this product is rated for Anti-Inflammatory Support

Ingredient fit57

Zinc may help reduce low-grade inflammation when low zinc is contributing to it.
Goal fit
Zinc may help reduce low-grade inflammation when low zinc is contributing to it.
Dose adequacy
Vitamin C supplies 1300 mg per serving.

Pathways80

The connection concerns inflammatory processes or blood markers; a noticeable symptom benefit remains uncertain.
Depth
The connection concerns inflammatory processes or blood markers; a noticeable symptom benefit remains uncertain.
Breadth
Different inflammatory processes do not automatically translate into broader everyday relief.

Evidence96

Zinc may help reduce low-grade inflammation when low zinc is contributing to it.
Evidence strength
Zinc may help reduce low-grade inflammation when low zinc is contributing to it.
Studied preparation
Preparation and health context matter; an ingredient name alone does not guarantee the same anti-inflammatory effect.

Formulation logic100

No particular conflict or missing required partner is identified. Ingredient amounts still need to be interpreted individually.
Partner coverage
No required additional partner is missing for the ingredients described.
Conflicts
No particular ingredient conflict is identified.
Effective doses
Vitamin C supplies 1300 mg per serving.
Study evidence
Ginger Supportive 30 studies
Propolis Supportive 34 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
Zinc Supportive 64 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per servingScore
Calories
10 Calorie(s)
Total Carbohydrates
1 Gram(s)
Vitamin A
5000 IU
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid, Zinc Ascorbate)
 1300 mg
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
 400 IU
Zinc (Zinc Ascorbate, Zinc Citrate)
 23 mg
Selenium (Sodium Selenite)
 60 mcg
Copper (Copper Citrate)
 150 mcg
Sodium
15 mg
Garlic
360 mg
Propolis extract
295 mg 47
Echinacea purpurea root extract
270 mg
Elderberry fruit extract
240 mg
aromatic Solomon's Seal
120 mg
Olive leaf extract (Oleuropein)
 100 mg
Andrographis aerial parts extract (Andrographolides)
 100 mg
Isatis root extract
75 mg
Eleuthero root extract
75 mg 66
Elecampane
70 mg
Citrus Bioflavonoid Complex
60 mg
Mullein
60 mg
Cinnamomum spp. bark ext.
55 mg
Kudzu root extract
55 mg
Goldenseal root extract
45 mg
Angelica root extract
45 mg
Astragalus root extract
45 mg
Elecampane root extract
45 mg
Isatis leaf extract
40 mg
Pau D’Arco bark extract
30 mg
Cayenne
30 mg
Ginger root extract
30 mg
Grape seed extract
10 mg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Propolis · 295 mg OverallScore47
F Composition And Label DisclosureB+ Composition And Label DisclosureD+ Commercial Price And Usability
Wellness Formula names propolis extract and states its amount, but no extraction ratio or quantified propolis marker is recorded. The other-ingredient facts do not flag a flow aid or disfavored additive. Its listed serving price and recorded dry amount work out to a moderate cost per 100 mg.
How this ingredient is rated

Composition and Label Disclosure10

No quantified propolis marker is included in the saved label details.
Named Propolis Marker Disclosure
The saved label information does not identify or quantify a propolis marker.

Composition and Label Disclosure82

The extract amount is given, and no flow aid or disfavored additive is flagged.
Preparation Amount and Equivalency Disclosure
The label names propolis extract and states an amount, but no ratio is recorded.
Other Ingredients Disclosure
The stored facts do not flag a flow aid or disfavored additive.

Commercial Price and Usability50

The dry propolis amount and serving price support a moderate cost per 100 mg.
Cost per 100 mg Dry Propolis Preparation
The stored serving price and dry propolis amount indicate a moderate cost per 100 mg.
View ingredientView products
Eleuthero · 75 mg OverallScore66
D- Composition And Label DisclosureA+ Composition And Label DisclosureD+ Commercial Price And Usability
The saved details identify root extract and give a 75 mg amount, but don't specify an eleutheroside percentage or extract ratio. The stated plant part is clear, while the marker information is unavailable. The cost per serving is higher than the lower-priced options in this set.
How this ingredient is rated

Composition and Label Disclosure40

Root extract is identified, but no marker percentage or extract ratio is provided.
Eleutheroside Marker Disclosure
The saved details do not state an eleutheroside percentage or extract ratio.
Target Plant-Part Identification
The stated form identifies root extract.

Composition and Label Disclosure100

The serving amount and source are stated.
Eleuthero Amount Disclosure
The details give 75 mg of Eleuthero root extract per serving.

Commercial Price and Usability50

The serving cost is above the lower-priced options shown.
Selected-Serving Price Comparison
The cost per serving is higher than the lower-priced entries in this set.
View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
82 Performance

Bee Propolis

Bio Nutrition

A concentrated propolis extract provides a substantial focused serving with a stated extraction ratio. Active-marker standardization is still absent, and bee-product allergy risk remains important.

81 Performance

Eleuthero 2000 mg Alcohol-Free

Nature's Answer

A full liquid eleuthero-root amount provides meaningful focused support with useful species and plant-part disclosure. Missing extract ratio and eleutheroside percentage limit precision, but ingredient alignment is much stronger than the original minor eleuthero addition.

84 Performance

Propolis 2000 5:1 Extract

NOW

A substantial concentrated propolis serving offers far clearer collection focus than the original broad blend. Geographic origin and polyphenol standardization are missing, and people with bee-product allergies should avoid it.

83 Budget

Bee Propolis 1000 mg from 5:1 extract

Lake Avenue Nutrition

A concentrated propolis extract provides a clear focused amount at much lower recurring cost. Geographic source and standardized polyphenols are missing, and people with bee-product allergies should avoid propolis.

82 Budget

Eleuthero 500 mg

NOW

A useful organic eleuthero amount comes in a simple, very low-cost formula. Root identification and eleutheroside standardization are missing, but the focused capsule avoids the original's crowded botanical blend.

79 Budget

Dual Ginseng Plus

Swanson Superior Herbs

Standardized ginseng and eleuthero extracts provide a practical adaptogen base at lower recurring cost. Plain ashwagandha and incomplete marker details remain, but eleuthero is far more central than in the original formula.

83 Value

Bee Propolis 2X 500 mg

California Gold Nutrition

A concentrated propolis extract supplies a substantial focused amount at favorable serving value. Active markers are not standardized, but the simpler formula is easier to assess than the original multi-ingredient serving.

83 Value

Eleuthero Root 425 mg

Swanson Premium Brand

A useful whole-herb amount and low recurring cost create strong basic eleuthero value. Species, root identity, and eleutheroside content are not confirmed, but the focused formula avoids paying for lightly dosed unrelated botanicals.

81 Value

Eleuthero Glycerite

Herb Pharm

A clearly identified eleuthero-root liquid reaches a useful amount at a modest serving cost. Potency markers are missing, yet the alcohol-free focused format gives a stronger quality-to-cost balance for eleuthero use.

Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Flow-cytometric studies with eleutherococcus senticosus extract as an immunomodulatory agent.
    Bohn B; Nebe CT; Birr C · Arzneimittel-Forschung · 1988
    Randomized trial36 participantsImmunity forEleuthero
  2. Propolis increases Foxp3 expression and lymphocyte proliferation in HIV-infected people: A randomized, double blind, parallel-group and placebo-controlled study.
    Conte FL; Tasca KI; Santiago KB; de Oliveira Cardoso E; Romagnoli GG; de Assis Golim M; Braz AMM; Berretta AA; do Rosário de Souza L; Sforcin JM · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021
    Randomized trial40 participantsImmunity forPropolis
  3. Propolis does not significantly modulate immune function in an older population: A preliminary study.
    Pu L; Wang Y; Pang W; Wei J; Wu J; Guo C; Weina Gao · Heliyon · 2025
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forPropolis
  4. The effect of ginger supplementation on serum C-reactive protein, lipid profile and glycaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Mazidi M; Gao HK; Rezaie P; Ferns GA · Food & nutrition research · 2022
    Meta-analysis9 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  5. Ginger supplementation and metabolic health: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized trials.
    Musazadeh V; Morvaridi M; Hosseini-Roknabadi SM; Mahmoudinezhad M; Jafari A; Shidfar F · Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026
    Meta-analysis43,570 participants36 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  6. Effect of Ginger Supplementation on Proinflammatory Cytokines in Older Patients with Osteoarthritis: Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
    Mozaffari-Khosravi H; Naderi Z; Dehghan A; Nadjarzadeh A; Fallah Huseini H · Journal of nutrition in gerontology and geriatrics · 2017
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  7. Effects of Ginger Supplementation on Markers of Inflammation and Functional Capacity in Individuals with Mild to Moderate Joint Pain.
    Broeckel J; Estes L; Leonard M; Dickerson BL; Gonzalez DE; Purpura M; Jäger R; Sowinski RJ; Rasmussen CJ; Kreider RB · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial30 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  8. The effect of ginger supplementation on some immunity and inflammation intermediate genes expression in patients with active Rheumatoid Arthritis.
    Aryaeian N; Shahram F; Mahmoudi M; Tavakoli H; Yousefi B; Arablou T; Jafari Karegar S · Gene · 2019
    Randomized trial70 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  9. Effect of Propolis Intake on Serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) Levels in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.
    Jalali M; Ranjbar T; Mosallanezhad Z; Mahmoodi M; Moosavian SP; Ferns GA; Jalali R; Sohrabi Z · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2020
    Meta-analysis406 participants6 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forPropolis
  10. Propolis supplementation can reduce serum level of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-α: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials.
    Gholami A; Dinarvand N; Hariri M · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024
    Meta-analysis16 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forPropolis
  11. Effects of propolis supplementation on glycemic status, lipid profiles, inflammation and oxidative stress, liver enzymes, and body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.
    Hallajzadeh J; Milajerdi A; Amirani E; Attari VE; Maghsoudi H; Mirhashemi SM · Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024
    Meta-analysis14 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forPropolis
  12. Brazilian organic propolis for prevention and treatment of radiation-related oral acute toxicities in head and neck cancer patients: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.
    Fernandes PM; Rosalen PL; Fernandes DT; Dias-Neto E; Alencar SM; Bueno-Silva B; Alves FA; Lopes MA · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Randomized trial60 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forPropolis
  13. The effect of Brazilian Green Propolis extract on inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis: A randomised double-blind controlled clinical trial.
    Baptista BG; Fanton S; Ribeiro M; Cardozo LF; Regis B; Alvarenga L; Ribeiro-Alves M; Berretta AA; Shiels PG; Mafra D · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2023
    Randomized trial19 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forPropolis
  14. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  15. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  16. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  17. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  18. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  19. Zinc decreases C-reactive protein, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects: a potential implication of zinc as an atheroprotective agent.
    Bao B; Prasad AS; Beck FW; Fitzgerald JT; Snell D; Bao GW; Singh T; Cardozo LJ · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2010
    Randomized trial40 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  20. Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis.
    Nazari M; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Pashayee-Khamene F; Bagheri R; Goudarzi K; Hosseinnia NV; Dolatshahi S; Omran HS; Amirani N; Ashtary-Larky D; Asbaghi O; Ghanavati M · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Meta-analysis23 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  21. The Effects of Zinc Supplementation on C-Reactive Protein and Inflammatory Cytokines: A Meta-Analysis and Systematical Review.
    Ceylan MN; Akdas S; Yazihan N · Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022
    Meta-analysis73 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  22. The Effects of Zinc Sulfate Supplementation on Serum Copeptin, C-Reactive Protein and Metabolic Markers in Zinc-Deficient Diabetic Patients on Hemodialysis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Hosseini R; Montazerifar F; Shahraki E; Karajibani M; Mokhtari AM; Dashipour AR; Ferns GA; Jalali M · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Randomized trial46 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  23. Zinc supplementation and cardiovascular disease risk factors: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
    Nazari M; Ashtary-Larky D; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Goudarzi K; Bagheri R; Dolatshahi S; Omran HS; Amirani N; Ghanavati M; Asbaghi O · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2023
    Meta-analysis75 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  24. Immune Responses in Broiler Chicks Fed Propolis Extraction Residue-supplemented Diets.
    Eyng C; Murakami AE; Santos TC; Silveira TG; Pedroso RB; Lourenço DA · Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences · 2015
    Randomized trialImmunity forPropolis
  25. Integrative Therapies in Wound Healing in Small Animals: An Approach Beyond Traditional Medicine.
    Santos JKVRS; Costa EDS; Fernandes CCL; Cortez AA; Fonsêca ADV; Guedes RFM; Araújo PRM · Veterinary sciences · 2026
    Narrative reviewImmunity forPropolis
  26. A standardized polyphenol mixture extracted from poplar-type propolis for remission of symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection (URTI): A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
    Esposito C; Garzarella EU; Bocchino B; D'Avino M; Caruso G; Buonomo AR; Sacchi R; Galeotti F; Tenore GC; Zaccaria V; Daglia M · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2020
    Randomized trial122 participantsImmunity forPropolis
  27. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  28. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  29. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  30. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  31. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  32. Depressed immune response to tetanus in children with vitamin A deficiency.
    Semba RD; Muhilal; Scott AL; Natadisastra G; Wirasasmita S; Mele L; Ridwan E; West KP; Sommer A · The Journal of nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial236 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  33. Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants.
    Roy SK; Islam A; Molla A; Akramuzzaman SM; Jahan F; Fuchs G · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1997
    Randomized trial50 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  34. Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
    Coutsoudis A; Broughton M; Coovadia HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  35. Vitamin A supplementation enhances specific IgG antibody levels and total lymphocyte numbers while improving morbidity in measles.
    Coutsoudis A; Kiepiela P; Coovadia HM; Broughton M · The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 1992
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  36. Vitamin A supplementation reduces the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 intestinal immune response of Mexican children.
    Long KZ; Santos JI; Estrada Garcia T; Haas M; Firestone M; Bhagwat J; Dupont HL; Hertzmark E; Rosado JL; Nanthakumar NN · The Journal of nutrition · 2006
    Randomized trial127 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  37. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  38. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  39. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  40. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  41. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  42. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  43. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  44. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  45. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  46. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc