Product Image

Prevail Pre-Workout Tropical Punch

Cutler Nutrition
5.0
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(17 ratings)
Theobromine 60 mg
Citrulline 4000 mg
Caffeine 250 mg
Alpha-GPC 750 mg
Taurine 2000 mg
Huperzine 500 mcg
Product Image
Score74
A heavily loaded pre-workout with useful citrulline, taurine, tyrosine, and Alpha-GPC. Uncertain total caffeine and high Huperzine-A sharply limit safe, routine use.
How scoring works
Quantity:8 Ounce(s) • (20 servings)
Goals:
Energy
Fitness
Productivity Boost
Brain Health
Mental Focus
Metabolism Boost
Weight Gain
Cognitive Support

Score 74

A heavily loaded pre-workout with useful citrulline, taurine, tyrosine, and Alpha-GPC. Uncertain total caffeine and high Huperzine-A sharply limit safe, routine use.
How scoring works
$19.99($0.99 per serving)
Nutrition Faktory
$ 19.99
iHerb
$ 0.00
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Analysis

L-citrulline provides 4 g and taurine 2 g, while N-acetyl tyrosine and Alpha-GPC each reach 750 mg. Those amounts create a credible pump, hydration, and cognitive foundation.

The serving includes 250 mg caffeine anhydrous plus 150 mg dicaffeine malate, whose compound weight does not equal pure caffeine. Theobromine, coffee-fruit extract, and only 50 mg theanine push the formula toward prolonged stimulation rather than a balanced feel.

Huperzine-A is listed at 500 mcg, a high amount for a long-acting cholinergic ingredient. The blend is best reserved for experienced users who have verified the label, avoid other stimulants and cholinergics, and do not use it continuously.

Who is it for
  • Experienced stimulant users after label review
  • Adults seeking combined workout and cognitive stimulation
  • People who can avoid all other caffeine and cholinergic products
Best for
  • Occasional high-stimulation workouts
  • Pump plus cognitive focus
  • Experienced users seeking taurine and Alpha-GPC

Pros

  • Provides 4 g citrulline and 2 g taurine
  • Uses substantial tyrosine and Alpha-GPC amounts
  • Includes coffee-fruit extract and theobromine
  • Fully states compound weights

Cons

  • Total delivered caffeine is not explicitly stated
  • Huperzine-A amount is high
  • Only 50 mg theanine balances a large stimulant load
  • Complex stimulant stack reduces dose flexibility

Warnings

  • Do not combine with coffee, energy drinks, or other stimulants because total caffeine from anhydrous caffeine and dicaffeine malate is high but not precisely stated
  • The 500 mcg Huperzine-A amount may cause nausea, slow heart rate, vivid dreams, or other cholinergic effects and should not be combined with cholinergic medicines
  • Avoid frequent or continuous use because Huperzine-A is long acting
  • People with cardiovascular conditions, uncontrolled blood pressure, or stimulant sensitivity should not use it without professional guidance

Nutrient quality

73 High impact

Citrulline, taurine, Alpha-GPC, tyrosine, and stimulants provide powerful pre-workout coverage. Combined caffeine sources are extremely high and the huperzine amount is excessive for routine use.

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Ingredient transparency

81 Highest impact

Individual ingredient weights make the formula broadly readable. Missing active-marker yields and non-active ingredient details reduce full transparency.

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Customer satisfaction

62 Moderate impact

The supplied rating is favorable, but the feedback base is comparatively small. No complaint-level evidence was supplied to assess recurring issues or purpose-specific experiences.

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Value for money

75 High impact

The serving cost is moderate relative to the formula. Incomplete potency details keep the quality-to-cost balance from standing out.

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Report analysis

Goals

Energy
Energy
Impact
Highest effect
A Goal FitA- Strength of SupportA CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Caffeine · 150 mg

Caffeine, citrulline, taurine, tyrosine, and alpha-GPC provide strong acute alertness, focus, and workout support. Most primary actives are clearly disclosed at purposeful amounts.

The combined caffeine sources reach the usual adult daily limit in one serving, which may cause jitters, nausea, headaches, or sleep disruption. L-theanine is too low to fully balance that stimulant load, so other caffeine should be avoided on the same day.

Study evidence
Caffeine Supportive 68 studies
Citrulline No effect 14 studies
Theanine Not classified

No linked studies yet.

Fitness
Fitness
Impact
Highest effect
A Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportA- CoverageB Formula Quality
Citrulline · 4000 mgCaffeine · 150 mg

L-citrulline, taurine, Alpha-GPC, tyrosine, and caffeine create a direct pre-workout for blood flow, cell function, focus, and training drive. Citrulline and taurine reach useful performance amounts, while the focus ingredients are also substantial.

Two caffeine sources total 400 mg, reaching the usual daily limit in one full serving before theobromine is counted. Variable one-to-two-scoop directions further complicate dose control and make the full serving unsuitable for many stimulant-sensitive users.

Study evidence
Caffeine Supportive 255 studies
Citrulline Supportive 45 studies
Taurine Supportive 21 studies
Productivity Boost
Productivity Boost
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB+ CoverageB Formula Quality
Huperzine · 500 mcgAlpha-GPC · 750 mgTheanine · 50 mgCaffeine · 150 mg

Caffeine, alpha-GPC, tyrosine, huperzine A, theanine, and coffee-fruit extract create a potent alertness and focus stack. Caffeine has strong performance evidence, while evidence for several nootropics is more variable and context dependent.

The formula spans acute alertness, cholinergic signaling, catecholamine support, and exercise energy. The focus ingredients are logically grouped, but the high stimulant burden may cause jitters, anxiety, or sleep disruption.

Study evidence
Alpha-GPC Supportive 2 studies
Caffeine Supportive 108 studies
Huperzine No effect 1 study
Theanine Supportive 5 studies
Brain Health
Brain Health
Impact
Highest effect
A Goal FitB- Strength of SupportA- CoverageB- Formula Quality
Huperzine · 500 mcgAlpha-GPC · 750 mg

Alpha-GPC, tyrosine, caffeine, coffee-fruit extract, and Huperzine A form a potent acute-focus pre-workout stack. The design targets performance and cholinergic stimulation rather than long-term brain health.

Alpha-GPC is substantial, but the Huperzine A amount appears excessive for routine use and can accumulate. The combined caffeine sources may increase jitteriness, heart rate, or insomnia in sensitive users.

Study evidence
Alpha-GPC Supportive 12 studies
Huperzine Supportive 17 studies
Mental Focus
Mental Focus
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportA- CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Alpha-GPC · 750 mgTheanine · 50 mgCaffeine · 150 mgHuperzine · 500 mcg

Caffeine, N-acetyl tyrosine, Alpha-GPC, theanine, and huperzine create a strong multi-pathway focus stack. Useful stimulant and cholinergic coverage is offset by uncertainty about active Alpha-GPC yield and a theanine amount too small to fully balance the stimulant load.

The combined caffeine sources create a very high intake that may cause jitteriness, faster heart rate, or sleep disruption. The listed Huperzine A amount is also high for routine use and may increase nausea, dizziness, or other cholinergic effects.

Study evidence
Alpha-GPC Supportive 1 study
Caffeine Supportive 128 studies
Huperzine Not classified

No linked studies yet.

Theanine Supportive 19 studies
Metabolism Boost
Metabolism Boost
Impact
High effect
A Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC CoverageB- Formula Quality
Caffeine · 150 mg

The pre-workout uses caffeine to provide a direct, evidence-backed increase in short-term thermogenesis and energy expenditure. The surrounding ingredients are designed mainly for workout performance rather than long-term metabolic regulation.

The combined caffeine sources are very high at the full labeled use, and theobromine adds further stimulation. It offers a strong acute stimulant pathway but little thyroid, glycemic, or mitochondrial nutrition.

Study evidence
Caffeine Disputed 40 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
60 Calorie(s)
Total Carbohydrates
2 Gram(s)
L-Citrulline
4000 mg
Taurine
2000 mg
N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine
750 mg
Alpha GPC
750 mg
Caffeine (Caffeine Anhydrous)
 250 mg
Dicaffeine Malate
150 mg
NeuroFactor (Coffee Fruit Extract)
 100 mg
Theobromine
60 mg
L-Theanine
50 mg
Cocoa Seed Extract
20 mg
Huperzine-A
500 mcg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Theobromine · 60 mg OverallScore89
A+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB+ Value

Standalone theobromine is clearly disclosed at an amount suited to sensitive users or a combined stimulant stack. Two caffeine sources provide a high combined caffeine load, so people sensitive to stimulants may experience jitters, nausea, or sleep disruption. Serving cost is favorable, although the supplied details do not state a theobromine purity percentage or fully describe flavor-system excipients.

View ingredientView products
Citrulline · 4000 mg OverallScore83
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB Value

Pure L-Citrulline is named and its individual amount is disclosed. The 4,000 mg serving falls within the commonly used performance range. Good citrulline value is tempered by multiple caffeine sources, which may not suit caffeine-sensitive users.

View ingredientView products
Caffeine (Caffeine Anhydrous) · 250 mg OverallScore62
A- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityD Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value

Caffeine anhydrous is paired with buffered di-caffeine malate, improving the release profile over immediate caffeine alone. The two stated caffeine-source amounts require manual addition and reach 400 mg, near the daily safety limit. Premium serving cost produces weak economic value.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
88 Performance

High-Performance Pre-Workout Black Cherry

Pre JYM
<p>Citrulline increases to 6 g and tyrosine to 1.5 g, with creatine, beta-alanine, betaine, taurine, BCAAs, caffeine, alpha-GPC, and huperzine. Alpha-GPC and taurine are lower, but the formula offers broader, more balanced training support.</p>
82 Performance

C4 Ultimate Icy Blue Razz

Nutrabolt
<p>A 6 g citrulline matrix, beta-alanine, creatine, taurine, tyrosine, caffeine, alpha-GPC, and huperzine create a more complete pump and performance formula. Alpha-GPC, taurine, and huperzine amounts are lower, while rauwolfia adds a stimulant-related trade-off.</p>
72 Performance

LFG Burn Tropical

Bucked Up
<p>Beta-alanine, Nitrosigine, alpha-GPC, huperzine, and extended stimulant ingredients broaden performance and focus support. The combined caffeine amount is much higher and citrulline, taurine, and tyrosine are absent, making it suitable only for users who deliberately want a heavier stimulant profile.</p>
73 Budget

Nitrosurge Shred Fruit Punch

Jacked Factory JF
<p>Caffeine, theobromine, L-theanine, citrulline, beta-alanine, and acetyl-L-carnitine cover stimulation and some workout support. It is the lowest-cost eligible option but still does not beat the original serving cost, and alpha-GPC, taurine, tyrosine, and huperzine are absent.</p>
82 Budget

High-Performance Pre-Workout Rainbow Sherbet

Pre JYM
<p>Citrulline, tyrosine, creatine, beta-alanine, betaine, taurine, BCAAs, caffeine, alpha-GPC, and huperzine provide broad training support. It costs more per serving, but is included among the lowest eligible choices because no three candidates are actually cheaper.</p>
74 Budget

Bucked Up Pre-Workout 'Merica Rocket Pop

DAS Labs
<p>Citrulline and beta-alanine receive useful amounts with caffeine, branded alpha-GPC, and a small taurine addition. It costs more per serving and drops tyrosine, huperzine, and theobromine, so it is not a strict cheaper replacement.</p>
77 Value

Pre-Workout Blood Raz

Bucked Up
<p>Citrulline rises to 6 g and beta-alanine reaches 2 g with caffeine, branded alpha-GPC, and taurine. It costs more and omits tyrosine, huperzine, theobromine, and theanine, but the pump ingredients are clearly disclosed.</p>
80 Value

C4 Ultimate Strawberry Watermelon

Cellucor
<p>A 6 g citrulline matrix, beta-alanine, creatine, taurine, tyrosine, caffeine, alpha-GPC, and huperzine provide broad performance coverage. It costs more and uses lower alpha-GPC, taurine, and huperzine amounts, but the added creatine and beta-alanine improve training value.</p>
85 Value

High-Performance Pre-Workout Strawberry Kiwi

Pre JYM
<p>Citrulline, tyrosine, creatine, beta-alanine, betaine, taurine, BCAAs, caffeine, alpha-GPC, and huperzine offer broad training coverage. The serving cost is higher, but stronger pump and performance depth may justify it despite lower alpha-GPC and taurine.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Acute Effects of Citrulline Supplementation on High-Intensity Strength and Power Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Trexler ET; Persky AM; Ryan ED; Schwartz TA; Stoner L; Smith-Ryan AE · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020
    Meta-analysis198 participants12 studies pooledFitness forCitrulline
  2. The effect of l-citrulline and watermelon juice supplementation on anaerobic and aerobic exercise performance.
    Cutrufello PT; Gadomski SJ; Zavorsky GS · Journal of sports sciences · 2016
    Randomized trial22 participantsFitness forCitrulline
  3. Does One Shot Work? The Acute Impact of a Single Taurine Dose on Exercise Performance: A Meta-Analytic Review.
    Deng H; Song T; Yin M; Xu K; Zhong Y; Liu P; Sun S; Bin Naharudin MN; Yusof A; Fan X · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025
    Meta-analysis308 participants23 studies pooledFitness forTaurine
  4. Combined but Not Isolated Ingestion of Caffeine and Taurine Improves Wingate Sprint Performance in Female Team-Sport Athletes Habituated to Caffeine.
    Karayigit R; Naderi A; Saunders B; Forbes SC; Coso JD; Berjisian E; Yildirim UC; Suzuki K · Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Randomized trial17 participantsFitness forTaurine
  5. Acute Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Maximal Fat Oxidation and FATmax in Recreational Endurance Runners: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover, and Triple-Blinded Study.
    Ghazzagh A; Naderi A; Agha-Alinejad H; Livani A; Sarlak M; Aghamohammadi S; Saunders B · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2024
    Randomized trial11 participantsFitness forTaurine
  6. Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    De Jesus Moreno Moreno M · Clinical therapeutics · 2003
    Randomized trial261 participantsBrain Health forAlpha-GPC
  7. Activity of Choline Alphoscerate on Adult-Onset Cognitive Dysfunctions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Sagaro GG; Traini E; Amenta F · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023
    Meta-analysis8 studies pooledBrain Health Cognitive Support forAlpha-GPC
  8. Comparative study of choline alfoscerate as a combination therapy with donepezil: A mixed double-blind randomized controlled and open-label observation trial.
    Lee W; Kim M · Medicine · 2024
    Randomized trial119 participantsCognitive Support Brain Health forAlpha-GPC
  9. Effect of Choline Alfoscerate on the Progression From Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia: Distributed Network Analysis of a Multicenter Korean Database Using a Common Data Model.
    Pyun JM; Lee I; Lee K; Kim MH; Park C; Yang HJ · Dementia and neurocognitive disorders · 2024
    Cohort study3,062 participantsCognitive Support forAlpha-GPC
  10. Taurine supplementation reduces myeloperoxidase and matrix-metalloproteinase-9 levels and improves the effects of exercise in cognition and physical fitness in older women.
    Chupel MU; Minuzzi LG; Furtado GE; Santos ML; Ferreira JP; Filaire E; Teixeira AM · Amino acids · 2021
    Randomized trial48 participantsAnti-Aging forTaurine
  11. Taurine as a possible antiaging therapy: A controlled clinical trial on taurine antioxidant activity in women ages 55 to 70.
    Abud GF; De Carvalho FG; Batitucci G; Travieso SG; Bueno Junior CR; Barbosa Junior F; Marchini JS; de Freitas EC · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2022
    Randomized trial24 participantsAnti-Aging forTaurine
  12. Association of taurine intake with changes in physical fitness among community-dwelling middle-aged and older Japanese adults: an 8-year longitudinal study.
    Domoto T; Kise K; Oyama Y; Furuya K; Kato Y; Nishita Y; Kozakai R; Otsuka R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort studyAnti-Aging forTaurine
  13. Oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity after taurine supplementation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
    Rosa FT; Freitas EC; Deminice R; Jordão AA; Marchini JS · European journal of nutrition · 2015
    Randomized trial24 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support Weight Gain forTaurine
  14. Effect of taurine supplementation on preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in pediatrics under mechanical ventilation, a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial.
    Shirzad-Yazdi N; Shorafa E; Abootalebi SN; Heidari R; Hojabri K; Doostfatemeh M; Masjedi F; Vazin A; Shafiekhani M · Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025
    Randomized trial77 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  15. Effect of taurine in muscle damage markers and inflammatory cytokines in running exercise.
    Wang Y; Xu T; Zhao H; Gu C; Li Z · Frontiers in physiology · 2022
    Non-randomized trial10 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  16. Exercise and taurine in inflammation, cognition, and peripheral markers of blood-brain barrier integrity in older women.
    Chupel MU; Minuzzi LG; Furtado G; Santos ML; Hogervorst E; Filaire E; Teixeira AM · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 2018
    Randomized trial48 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  17. Taurine supplementation has anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects before and after incremental exercise in heart failure.
    Ahmadian M; Roshan VD; Aslani E; Stannard SR · Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease · 2017
    Randomized trialAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  18. Effects of choline alfoscerate on cognitive function and quality of life in type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Sohn M; Park YH; Lim S · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025
    Randomized trial36 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forAlpha-GPC
  19. Acute Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine Supplementation Enhances Cognitive Performance in Healthy Men.
    Kerksick CM · Nutrients · 2024
    Randomized trial20 participantsBrain Health Mental Focus Productivity Boost forAlpha-GPC
  20. Huperzine a in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: a meta-analysis.
    Xing SH; Zhu CX; Zhang R; An L · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2014
    Meta-analysis825 participants10 studies pooledBrain Health Cognitive Support forHuperzine
  21. [Clinical efficacy and safety of huperzine Alpha in treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease, a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial].
    Zhang Z; Wang X; Chen Q; Shu L; Wang J; Shan G · Zhonghua yi xue za zhi · 2002
    Randomized trial202 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forHuperzine
  22. Huperzine A associated with improved early postoperative cognitive function after neurosurgery under general anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial.
    Zhang Z; Shen Y; Li J; Tang Y; Zhou P; Ying T; Mo R; Ru Z; Zhao G; Zhu J; Li S; Zhao H · International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026
    Randomized trial123 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forHuperzine
  23. Treatment with Huperzine A improves cognition in vascular dementia patients.
    Xu ZQ; Liang XM; Juan-Wu; Zhang YF; Zhu CX; Jiang XJ · Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2012
    Randomized trial78 participantsBrain Health forHuperzine
  24. Huperzine-A response to cognitive impairment and task switching deficits in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
    Gul A; Bakht J; Mehmood F · Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2019
    Randomized trial100 participantsBrain Health forHuperzine
  25. Does l-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake reduce blood pressure in middle-aged and older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Luo P; Chen J; Liu K; Zhang J · Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2025
    Meta-analysis415 participants15 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forCitrulline
  26. Micronutrient Supplementation to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk.
    An P; Wan S; Luo Y; Luo J; Zhang X; Zhou S; Xu T; He J; Mechanick JI; Wu WC; Ren F; Liu S · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2022
    Meta-analysis883,627 participants884 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forCitrulline
  27. l-Citrulline supplementation improves O2 uptake kinetics and high-intensity exercise performance in humans.
    Bailey SJ; Blackwell JR; Lord T; Vanhatalo A; Winyard PG; Jones AM · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2016
    Randomized trial10 participantsCardiovascular Support forCitrulline
  28. Effects of L-Citrulline Supplementation on Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women.
    Maharaj A; Fischer SM; Dillon KN; Kang Y; Martinez MA; Figueroa A · Nutrients · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsCardiovascular Support Heart Health forCitrulline
  29. Short-term effects of L-citrulline supplementation on arterial stiffness in middle-aged men.
    Ochiai M; Hayashi T; Morita M; Ina K; Maeda M; Watanabe F; Morishita K · International journal of cardiology · 2012
    Randomized trial15 participantsCardiovascular Support forCitrulline
  30. Taurine Supplementation Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Vascular Function in Prehypertension: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Sun Q; Wang B; Li Y; Sun F; Li P; Xia W; Zhou X; Li Q; Wang X; Chen J; Zeng X; Zhao Z; He H; Liu D; Zhu Z · Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2016
    Randomized trial120 participantsCardiovascular Support Heart Health forTaurine
  31. Taurine ameliorates blood pressure and vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Li Y; Wang Q; Liu Y; Li Q; Xia W; Lin S; Yang Q; Scholze A; Zhao Z; He H; Zhang H; Yan Z; Tepel M; Mu H; Zhu Z; Liu D · iScience · 2025
    Randomized trial165 participantsCardiovascular Support Heart Health forTaurine
  32. Taurine reduces the risk for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Tzang CC; Chi LY; Lin LH; Lin TY; Chang KV; Wu WT; Özçakar L · Nutrition & diabetes · 2024
    Meta-analysis1,024 participants25 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  33. Effects of Oral Taurine Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.
    Nie Z; Liu Y; Zhang M; Wu C; Cao Q; Xu J; Zheng Y; Min Z; Zhang W; Han S · Nutrition reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis34 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  34. The effects of taurine supplementation on glycemic control and serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Maleki V; Alizadeh M; Esmaeili F; Mahdavi R · Amino acids · 2021
    Randomized trial45 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  35. Effect of cocoa and theobromine consumption on serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations: a randomized controlled trial.
    Neufingerl N; Zebregs YE; Schuring EA; Trautwein EA · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2013
    Randomized trial152 participantsCardiovascular Support forTheobromine
  36. The Effect of Theobromine Supplementation on HDL-c Subclasses (HDL-c2, HDL-c3), HDL-c2/HDL-c3 Ratio, and Gene Expression of PPAR-α and Sirt1 in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
    Sharifi-Zahabi E; Dastafkan Z; Asadi A; Hosseini-Baharanchi FS; Rezvani N; Yari S; Shidfar F · Food science & nutrition · 2025
    Randomized trial80 participantsCardiovascular Support forTheobromine
  37. Relationships between consumption of theobromine in cocoa products and cardiovascular risk factors in 2015-2020 National health and nutrition examination survey.
    Ponsuporn W; Naumovski N; McKune AJ; Khemacheewakul J; Leksawasdi N; Rachtanapun P; Taesuwan S · European journal of nutrition · 2026
    Cross-sectional study8,531 participantsCardiovascular Support forTheobromine
  38. The acute effects on duodenal gene expression in healthy men following consumption of a low-fat meal enriched with theobromine or fat.
    Smolders L; Mensink RP; Boekschoten MV; de Ridder RJJ; Plat J · Scientific reports · 2018
    Randomized trial8 participantsCardiovascular Support forTheobromine
  39. Theobromine supplementation in combination with a low-calorie diet improves cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
    Sharifi-Zahabi E; Rezvani N; Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F; Hosseini-Baharanchi FS; Shidfar F; Rahimi M · Food & function · 2023
    Randomized trial80 participantsCardiovascular Support forTheobromine
  40. [Gliatilin in the Treatment of Cognitive Impairments Not Reaching the Level of Dementia: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review].
    Voznyuk IA; Nepomnyashchiy IS; Kutkova AK; Tokareva DV; Prokhorova MV; Ovdiienko OA; Shusharina NN · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2025
    Meta-analysis10 studies pooledCognitive Support forAlpha-GPC
  41. Vertical Association Between Dietary Total Choline and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine and the Cognitive Function in Chinese Adults Aged over 55, Result from China Health and Nutrition Survey 1997-2018.
    Guan F; Jia X; Huang F; Zhang J; Wei Y; Li L; Bai J; Wang H · Nutrients · 2024
    Cohort study7,659 participantsCognitive Support forAlpha-GPC
  42. Adjunctive huperzine A for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Zheng W; Xiang YQ; Li XB; Ungvari GS; Chiu HF; Sun F; D'Arcy C; Meng X; Xiang YT · Human psychopharmacology · 2017
    Meta-analysis1,117 participants12 studies pooledCognitive Support forHuperzine
  43. [Drug evaluation of huperzine A in the treatment of senile memory disorders].
    Zhang RW; Tang XC; Han YY; Sang GW; Zhang YD; Ma YX; Zhang CL; Yang RM · Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 1992
    Randomized trial56 participantsCognitive Support forHuperzine
  44. Cognitive and mood improvements of caffeine in habitual consumers and habitual non-consumers of caffeine.
    Haskell CF; Kennedy DO; Wesnes KA; Scholey AB · Psychopharmacology · 2005
    Randomized trial48 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  45. Caffeine-containing energy drink improves physical performance of elite rugby players during a simulated match.
    Del Coso J; Ramírez JA; Muñoz G; Portillo J; Gonzalez-Millán C; Muñoz V; Barbero-Álvarez JC; Muñoz-Guerra J · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 2016
    Randomized trial26 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  46. Differential cognitive effects of energy drink ingredients: caffeine, taurine, and glucose.
    Giles GE; Mahoney CR; Brunyé TT; Gardony AL; Taylor HA; Kanarek RB · Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2013
    Randomized trial48 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  47. Does Single or Combined Caffeine and Taurine Supplementation Improve Athletic and Cognitive Performance without Affecting Fatigue Level in Elite Boxers? A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Ozan M; Buzdagli Y; Eyipinar CD; Baygutalp NK; Yüce N; Oget F; Kan E; Baygutalp F · Nutrients · 2022
    Randomized trial20 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  48. Trait Energy and Fatigue Modify the Effects of Caffeine on Mood, Cognitive and Fine-Motor Task Performance: A Post-Hoc Study.
    Fuller DT; Smith ML; Boolani A · Nutrients · 2021
    Randomized trialEnergy forCaffeine
  49. Acute Effect of Citrulline Malate on Repetition Performance During Strength Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Vårvik FT; Bjørnsen T; Gonzalez AM · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2021
    Meta-analysis137 participants8 studies pooledEnergy forCitrulline
  50. Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study.
    Suzuki T; Morita M; Kobayashi Y; Kamimura A · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2016
    Randomized trial22 participantsEnergy forCitrulline
  51. Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness.
    Pérez-Guisado J; Jakeman PM · Journal of strength and conditioning research · 2010
    Randomized trial41 participantsEnergy forCitrulline
  52. Citrulline/malate promotes aerobic energy production in human exercising muscle.
    Bendahan D; Mattei JP; Ghattas B; Confort-Gouny S; Le Guern ME; Cozzone PJ · British journal of sports medicine · 2002
    Single-arm trial18 participantsEnergy forCitrulline
  53. The Effect of Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Muscle Fatigue Among Healthy Participants.
    Farney TM; Bliss MV; Hearon CM; Salazar DA · Journal of strength and conditioning research · 2019
    Randomized trial12 participantsEnergy forCitrulline
  54. Effect of caffeine ingestion on cycling performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Wu J; Xu K; Yin M; Ding X; Wang T; Zhang Q; Wu X; Xiao N · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Meta-analysis226 participants20 studies pooledFitness forCaffeine
  55. Effects of Caffeine Intake on Endurance Running Performance and Time to Exhaustion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Wang Z; Qiu B; Gao J; Del Coso J · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis254 participants21 studies pooledFitness forCaffeine
  56. Acute Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Movement Velocity in Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
    Raya-González J; Rendo-Urteaga T; Domínguez R; Castillo D; Rodríguez-Fernández A; Grgic J · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021
    Meta-analysis12 studies pooledFitness forCaffeine
  57. Sex Differences in the Ergogenic Response of Acute Caffeine Intake on Muscular Strength, Power and Endurance Performance in Resistance-Trained Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Montalvo-Alonso JJ; Ferragut C; Del Val-Manzano M; Valadés D; Roberts J; Pérez-López A · Nutrients · 2024
    Randomized trial76 participantsFitness forCaffeine
  58. Can I Have My Coffee and Drink It? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Determine Whether Habitual Caffeine Consumption Affects the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine.
    Carvalho A; Marticorena FM; Grecco BH; Barreto G; Saunders B · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022
    Meta-analysis60 studies pooledFitness forCaffeine
  59. The Effects of Combined Exercise with Citrulline Supplementation on Body Composition and Lower Limb Function of Overweight Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Xie S; Li S; Shaharudin S · Journal of sports science & medicine · 2023
    Meta-analysis303 participants7 studies pooledFitness forCitrulline
  60. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with L-Citrulline Supplementation on Functional Capacities and Muscle Function in Dynapenic-Obese Older Adults.
    Buckinx F; Gouspillou G; Carvalho LP; Marcangeli V; El Hajj Boutros G; Dulac M; Noirez P; Morais JA; Gaudreau P; Aubertin-Leheudre M · Journal of clinical medicine · 2020
    Randomized trial56 participantsFitness Muscle Gain forCitrulline
  61. Initial Dietary Protein Intake Influence Muscle Function Adaptations in Older Men and Women Following High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Citrulline.
    Buckinx F; Marcangeli V; Pinheiro Carvalho L; Dulac M; Hajj Boutros G; Gouspillou G; Gaudreau P; Morais J; Noirez P; Aubertin-Leheudre M · Nutrients · 2020
    Randomized trial73 participantsFitness forCitrulline
  62. Effects of Citrulline alone or combined with exercise on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance among older adults: a systematic review.
    Aubertin-Leheudre M; Buckinx F · Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2021
    Systematic review250 participants6 studies pooledFitness Muscle Gain forCitrulline
  63. Combined Vs. Single Supplementation of L-Citrulline and Sodium Bicarbonate During Sprint Interval Training in Basketball Players: Effects on Physical Performance and Hormonal Adaptations.
    Wang Y; Wang Y; Qian K · Journal of sports science & medicine · 2025
    Randomized trial40 participantsFitness forCitrulline
  64. Taurine supplementation enhances anaerobic power in elite speed skaters: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
    Buzdağlı Y; Eyipınar CD; Öget F; Şıktar E; Forbes SC; Tekin A · Biology of sport · 2023
    Randomized trial30 participantsFitness forTaurine
  65. The effect of acute taurine ingestion on 3-km running performance in trained middle-distance runners.
    Balshaw TG; Bampouras TM; Barry TJ; Sparks SA · Amino acids · 2013
    Randomized trial8 participantsFitness forTaurine
  66. Effects of different doses of taurine supplementation on repeated-sprint performance after exhaustive exercise in a high temperature and humidity environment.
    Cheng X; Lin Y; Li Z · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial16 participantsFitness forTaurine
  67. Oral taurine improves critical power and severe-intensity exercise tolerance.
    Waldron M; Patterson SD; Jeffries O · Amino acids · 2020
    Randomized trial12 participantsFitness forTaurine
  68. Acute taurine supplementation enhances thermoregulation and endurance cycling performance in the heat.
    Page LK; Jeffries O; Waldron M · European journal of sport science · 2019
    Randomized trial11 participantsFitness forTaurine
  69. Effect of oral L-citrulline on brachial and aortic blood pressure defined by resting status: evidence from randomized controlled trials.
    Yang HH; Li XL; Zhang WG; Figueroa A; Chen LH; Qin LQ · Nutrition & metabolism · 2022
    Meta-analysis8 studies pooledHeart Health forCitrulline
  70. Impact of L-Citrulline Supplementation and HIIT on Lipid Profile, Arterial Stiffness, and Fat Mass in Obese Adolescents with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Rodríguez-Carrillo AA; Espinoza-Vargas MR; Vargas-Ortiz K; Ibarra-Reynoso LDR; Olvera-Juárez M; Gómez-Ojeda A; Garay-Sevilla ME; Figueroa A · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial44 participantsHeart Health forCitrulline
  71. Vascular effects of l-citrulline supplementation in healthy adults are largely influenced by the prehypertensive range of blood pressure: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study.
    Nogimura D; Nagaoka K; Ogino K; Ogino N; Moriyasu K; Morita M · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
    Randomized trial66 participantsHeart Health forCitrulline
  72. The Assessment of short-term effect of L-Citrulline on endothelial function via FMD to NMD ratio in known CAD patients: A randomized, cross-over clinical trial (Clinical trial number: NCT02638727).
    Safi M; Mahjoob MP; Nateghi S; Khaheshi I; Akbarzadeh MA; Naderian M · Romanian journal of internal medicine = Revue roumaine de medecine interne · 2017
    Randomized trial30 participantsHeart Health forCitrulline
  73. Seafood diets: hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic effects of taurine and n-3 fatty acids.
    Elvevoll EO; Eilertsen KE; Brox J; Dragnes BT; Falkenberg P; Olsen JO; Kirkhus B; Lamglait A; Østerud B · Atherosclerosis · 2009
    Randomized trial80 participantsHeart Health forTaurine
  74. The effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Guan L; Miao P · European journal of pharmacology · 2021
    Meta-analysis12 studies pooledHeart Health forTaurine
  75. The Effects of Oral Taurine on Resting Blood Pressure in Humans: a Meta-Analysis.
    Waldron M; Patterson SD; Tallent J; Jeffries O · Current hypertension reports · 2019
    Meta-analysis103 participants7 studies pooledHeart Health forTaurine
  76. Effects of modafinil and caffeine on night-time vigilance of air force crewmembers: A randomized controlled trial.
    Wingelaar-Jagt YQ; Bottenheft C; Riedel WJ; Ramaekers JG · Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023
    Randomized trial32 participantsMental Focus forCaffeine
  77. Acute effects of caffeine on attention: a comparison of non-consumers and withdrawn consumers.
    Smith AP; Christopher G; Sutherland D · Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2013
    Randomized trial70 participantsMental Focus forCaffeine
  78. Performance and alertness effects of caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil during sleep deprivation.
    Wesensten NJ; Killgore WD; Balkin TJ · Journal of sleep research · 2006
    Randomized trial48 participantsMental Focus forCaffeine
  79. Effects of caffeine on mood and performance: a study of realistic consumption.
    Brice CF; Smith AP · Psychopharmacology · 2003
    Clinical trial24 participantsMental Focus forCaffeine
  80. Effects of caffeine or diphenhydramine on visual vigilance.
    Fine BJ; Kobrick JL; Lieberman HR; Marlowe B; Riley RH; Tharion WJ · Psychopharmacology · 1995
    Randomized trial24 participantsMental Focus forCaffeine
  81. Effects of Tea (Camellia sinensis) or its Bioactive Compounds l-Theanine or l-Theanine plus Caffeine on Cognition, Sleep, and Mood in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Payne ER; Aceves-Martins M; Dubost J; Greyling A; de Roos B · Nutrition reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis50 studies pooledMental Focus forTheanine
  82. Effects of l-Theanine on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Baba Y; Inagaki S; Nakagawa S; Kaneko T; Kobayashi M; Takihara T · Journal of medicinal food · 2021
    Randomized trialMental Focus Productivity Boost forTheanine
  83. Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention.
    Kahathuduwa CN; Dassanayake TL; Amarakoon AMT; Weerasinghe VS · Nutritional neuroscience · 2018
    Clinical trial20 participantsMental Focus forTheanine
  84. Safety and Efficacy of AlphaWave® L-Theanine Supplementation for 28 Days in Healthy Adults with Moderate Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Moulin M; Crowley DC; Xiong L; Guthrie N; Lewis ED · Neurology and therapy · 2024
    Randomized trial30 participantsMental Focus Productivity Boost forTheanine
  85. Effect of L-theanine on selective attention in a traffic-related reaction task in sleep-deprived young adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled, crossover study.
    Karunaratne UW; Dassanayake TL · Nutritional neuroscience · 2025
    Randomized trial24 participantsMental Focus forTheanine
  86. A Randomized Study to Examine the Ability of a Caffeine-Based Energy Drink to Impact Energy Expenditure, Fat Oxidation, and Cognitive Performance.
    Krieger J; Schrautemeier A; Hagele A; Gaige C; Mennemeyer O; Tolbert S; Iannotti J; Kerksick C; Noonan C; Mumford P · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial60 participantsMetabolism Boost forCaffeine
  87. Oolong tea increases metabolic rate and fat oxidation in men.
    Rumpler W; Seale J; Clevidence B; Judd J; Wiley E; Yamamoto S; Komatsu T; Sawaki T; Ishikura Y; Hosoda K · The Journal of nutrition · 2001
    Randomized trial12 participantsMetabolism Boost forCaffeine
  88. Effect of caffeine intake on fat oxidation rate during exercise: is there a dose-response effect?
    Gutiérrez-Hellín J; Aguilar-Navarro M; Ruiz-Moreno C; Muñoz A; Varillas-Delgado D; Amaro-Gahete FJ; Del Coso J · European journal of nutrition · 2023
    Randomized trial18 participantsMetabolism Boost forCaffeine
  89. Comparison of changes in energy expenditure and body temperatures after caffeine consumption.
    Koot P; Deurenberg P · Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 1995
    Randomized trial12 participantsMetabolism Boost forCaffeine
  90. Caffeine Increases Work Done above Critical Power, but Not Anaerobic Work.
    Silveira R; Andrade-Souza VA; Arcoverde L; Tomazini F; Sansonio A; Bishop DJ; Bertuzzi R; Lima-Silva AE · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2018
    Randomized trial9 participantsMetabolism Boost forCaffeine
  91. The effect of 6 days of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on isometric strength
    David Bellar, Nina R LeBlanc, Brian Campbell · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2015
    Randomized trial13 participantsMuscle Gain forAlpha-GPC
  92. Effects of Acute Ingestion of Caffeine Capsules on Muscle Strength and Muscle Endurance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Wu W; Chen Z; Zhou H; Wang L; Li X; Lv Y; Sun T; Yu L · Nutrients · 2024
    Meta-analysis14 studies pooledMuscle Gain forCaffeine
  93. Acute caffeine intake improves muscular strength, power, and endurance performance, reversing the time-of-day effect regardless of muscle activation level in resistance-trained males: a randomized controlled trial.
    Montalvo-Alonso JJ; Del Val-Manzano M; Cerezo-Telléz E; Ferragut C; Valadés D; Rodríguez-Falces J; Pérez-López A · European journal of applied physiology · 2025
    Randomized trial13 participantsMuscle Gain forCaffeine
  94. Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance-an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses.
    Grgic J; Grgic I; Pickering C; Schoenfeld BJ; Bishop DJ; Pedisic Z · British journal of sports medicine · 2020
    Systematic review21 studies pooledMuscle Gain forCaffeine
  95. Effects of caffeine intake on muscle strength and power: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Grgic J; Trexler ET; Lazinica B; Pedisic Z · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2018
    Meta-analysis20 studies pooledMuscle Gain forCaffeine
  96. Caffeine increases strength and power performance in resistance-trained females during early follicular phase.
    Norum M; Risvang LC; Bjørnsen T; Dimitriou L; Rønning PO; Bjørgen M; Raastad T · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2021
    Randomized trial15 participantsMuscle Gain forCaffeine
  97. Impact of L-citrulline supplementation and whole-body vibration training on arterial stiffness and leg muscle function in obese postmenopausal women with high blood pressure.
    Figueroa A; Alvarez-Alvarado S; Ormsbee MJ; Madzima TA; Campbell JC; Wong A · Experimental gerontology · 2015
    Randomized trial41 participantsMuscle Gain forCitrulline
  98. Citrulline Supplementation Improves Microvascular Function and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
    Figueroa A; Dillon KN; Levitt DE; Kang Y · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial16 participantsMuscle Gain forCitrulline
  99. Citrulline stimulates muscle protein synthesis in the post-absorptive state in healthy people fed a low-protein diet - A pilot study.
    Jourdan M; Nair KS; Carter RE; Schimke J; Ford GC; Marc J; Aussel C; Cynober L · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2016
    Randomized trial8 participantsMuscle Gain forCitrulline
  100. Treatment of dementia with neurotransmission modulation.
    Doggrell SA; Evans S · Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2004
    Narrative reviewProductivity Boost forAlpha-GPC
  101. Effects of caffeine on alertness.
    Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos A; Roehrs TA; Lipschutz L; Timms V; Roth T · Psychopharmacology · 1990
    Randomized trial24 participantsProductivity Boost forCaffeine
  102. Effects of Different Sources of Low-Dose Caffeine on Mood/Arousal and Cognitive Performance.
    Irwin C; McCartney D; Grant G; Delang N; Bartrim K; Cox GR; Desbrow B · Perceptual and motor skills · 2023
    Randomized trial22 participantsProductivity Boost forCaffeine
  103. Effects of caffeine, sleep loss, and stress on cognitive performance and mood during U.S. Navy SEAL training. Sea-Air-Land.
    Lieberman HR; Tharion WJ; Shukitt-Hale B; Speckman KL; Tulley R · Psychopharmacology · 2003
    Randomized trial68 participantsProductivity Boost forCaffeine
  104. A review of caffeine's effects on cognitive, physical and occupational performance.
    McLellan TM; Caldwell JA; Lieberman HR · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2017
    Narrative reviewProductivity Boost forCaffeine
  105. Acute caffeine supplementation as a nutrition-based strategy to mitigate sleep-loss-related cognitive and operational performance impairments in military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Wang R; Wang W; Meng L; Hao G; Gu G · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Meta-analysis7 studies pooledProductivity Boost forCaffeine
  106. Effect of Huperzine A on Cognitive Function and Perception of Effort during Exercise: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Trial.
    Wessinger CM; Inman CL; Weinstock J; Weiss EP · International journal of exercise science · 2025
    Randomized trial15 participantsProductivity Boost forHuperzine
  107. Cognitive and affective effects of L-Theanine: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 31 randomized trials.
    Gerolymos C; Saddier E; Boyer L; Fond G · Molecular psychiatry · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,168 participants31 studies pooledProductivity Boost forTheanine
  108. Effects of L-theanine on cognition, mood and sleep: evidence from human trials.
    Cotter J; Kilpatrick HE · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Narrative reviewProductivity Boost forTheanine
  109. Time for tea: mood, blood pressure and cognitive performance effects of caffeine and theanine administered alone and together.
    Rogers PJ; Smith JE; Heatherley SV; Pleydell-Pearce CW · Psychopharmacology · 2008
    Randomized trial48 participantsProductivity Boost forTheanine
  110. Association between coffee intake and skeletal muscle mass among U.S. adults: a population-based study.
    Yin H; Zhu W; Guo L; Li W; Liang M · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cross-sectional study8,333 participantsWeight Gain forCaffeine
  111. Use of caffeine in 19,660 randomly selected U.S. adults: the role of overweight and obesity.
    Tucker LA; Beltran F · Frontiers in nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study19,660 participantsWeight Gain forCaffeine
  112. Dietary caffeine intake is associated with favorable metabolic profile among apparently healthy overweight and obese individuals.
    Alshahrani SH; Atia YA; Badir RA; Almalki SG; Tayyib NA; Shahab S; Romero-Parra RM; Abid MK; Hussien BM; Ramaiah P · BMC endocrine disorders · 2023
    Cross-sectional study488 participantsWeight Gain forCaffeine
  113. Exploring parental prenatal influences on child health: A multicohort study and data visualisation tool.
    Sharp GC; Lawlor DA; Easey KE; Kundu S; Elhakeem A; Hone E; McEachan RRC; Magnus MC; Havdahl A; Relton CL · PLoS medicine · 2026
    Cohort study232,139 participantsWeight Gain forCaffeine
  114. Weight gain in older adolescent females: the internet, sleep, coffee, and alcohol.
    Berkey CS; Rockett HR; Colditz GA · The Journal of pediatrics · 2008
    Cohort study5,000 participantsWeight Gain forCaffeine
  115. Effects of Citrulline Supplementation on Body Weight in Patients With Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery.
    Yang JA; Lee KE; Park JH; Yee J; Kim JY; Gwak HS · Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2020
    Cohort study138 participantsWeight Gain forCitrulline
  116. Impact of high-intensity interval training with or without l-citrulline on physical performance, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue in obese older adults.
    Marcangeli V; Youssef L; Dulac M; Carvalho LP; Hajj-Boutros G; Reynaud O; Guegan B; Buckinx F; Gaudreau P; Morais JA; Mauriège P; Noirez P; Aubertin-Leheudre M; Gouspillou G · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022
    Clinical trial81 participantsWeight Gain forCitrulline
  117. Synergistic effect of long-term L-citruline supplementation combined with exercise on body composition in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Wang W; Cai S; Liu K; Luo P · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2026
    Meta-analysis9 studies pooledWeight Gain forCitrulline
  118. Effects of Citrulline or Watermelon Supplementation on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
    Ashtary-Larky D; Mohammadi S; Mousavi SAH; Hajizadeh L; Candow DG; Forbes SC; Afrisham R; Farrokhi V; Antonio J; Suzuki K · Nutrients · 2025
    Meta-analysis21 studies pooledWeight Gain forCitrulline
  119. Impact of 3-week citrulline supplementation on postprandial protein metabolism in malnourished older patients: The Ciproage randomized controlled trial.
    Bouillanne O; Melchior JC; Faure C; Paul M; Canouï-Poitrine F; Boirie Y; Chevenne D; Forasassi C; Guery E; Herbaud S; Le Corvoisier P; Neveux N; Nivet-Antoine V; Astier A; Raynaud-Simon A; Walrand S; Cynober L; Aussel C · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020
    Randomized trial24 participantsWeight Gain forCitrulline
  120. Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants.
    Verner A; Craig S; McGuire W · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2008
    Meta-analysis189 participants9 studies pooledWeight Gain forTaurine
  121. Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Growth in Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Cao SL; Jiang H; Niu SP; Wang XH; Du S · Indian journal of pediatrics · 2018
    Meta-analysis216 participants9 studies pooledWeight Gain forTaurine
  122. Taurine and cholesterol supplementation in the term infant: responses of growth and metabolism.
    Rassin DK; Räihä NC; Minoli I; Moro G · JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 1990
    Non-randomized trialWeight Gain forTaurine
  123. Taurine supplementation prevents hyperaminoacidemia in growing term infants fed high-protein cow's milk formula.
    Räihä NC; Fazzolari-Nesci A; Boehm G · Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 1997
    Randomized trialWeight Gain forTaurine
  124. Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women.
    Lopez-Garcia E; van Dam RM; Rajpathak S; Willett WC; Manson JE; Hu FB · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2006
    Cohort study58,157 participantsWeight Loss forCaffeine
  125. Does caffeine ingestion before a short-term sprint interval training promote body fat loss?
    Ferreira GA; Felippe LC; Bertuzzi R; Bishop DJ; Ramos IS; De-Oliveira FR; Lima-Silva AE · Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2020
    Randomized trial20 participantsWeight Loss forCaffeine
  126. Eight Weeks of Sprint Interval Training With Adding Caffeine Ingestion Leads to Greater Improvements in Health-Related Physiological Parameters in Obese Male Adults.
    Zhiang J; Song Q · Physiological research · 2026
    Randomized trial30 participantsWeight Loss forCaffeine
  127. Caffeine treatment prevented from weight regain after calorie shifting diet induced weight loss.
    Davoodi SH; Hajimiresmaiel SJ; Ajami M; Mohseni-Bandpei A; Ayatollahi SA; Dowlatshahi K; Javedan G; Pazoki-Toroudi H · Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2014
    Non-randomized trial60 participantsWeight Loss forCaffeine
  128. The effects of caffeine intake on weight loss: a systematic review and dos-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Tabrizi R; Saneei P; Lankarani KB; Akbari M; Kolahdooz F; Esmaillzadeh A; Nadi-Ravandi S; Mazoochi M; Asemi Z · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2020
    Meta-analysis606 participants13 studies pooledWeight Loss forCaffeine