Product Image

Global Wellness Immuno-Shield with Elderberry

Irwin Naturals
4.7
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(177 ratings)
Zinc 15 mg
Selenium 55 mcg
European Elder 200 mg
Astragalus 200 mg
Maitake Mushroom 50 mg
Hericium mushroom 50 mg
Cordyceps 50 mg
Product Image
Score71
A solid vitamin and mineral immune base is diluted by many small botanicals and mushrooms, plus a meaningful licorice caution.
How scoring works
Quantity:60 Softgel(s) • (20 servings)
Goals:
General Health
Immunity

Score 71

A solid vitamin and mineral immune base is diluted by many small botanicals and mushrooms, plus a meaningful licorice caution.
How scoring works
$17.99($0.89 per serving)
iHerb
$ 17.99
Pure Formulas
$ 17.99
Amazon
$ 17.99
Vitacost
$ 17.99
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Analysis

Vitamin C, D3, zinc citrate, and L-selenomethionine provide a sound nutritional base for immune and antioxidant support. Olive and flax oils suit the softgel and may help deliver fat-soluble vitamin D.

Elderberry, astragalus, and echinacea are present at moderate blend-level amounts, but extract ratios and active markers are missing. Reishi, turkey tail, chaga, cordyceps, and several other mushroom powders are mostly too small and poorly characterized to add dependable depth.

The formula offers broad immune positioning but little focused value for hair, nails, testosterone, or metabolism. Three softgels per serving and a short supply reduce convenience, while licorice makes long-term use less broadly suitable.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a broad immune-support formula
  • Users wanting vitamin D3, zinc, and elderberry together
  • People comfortable with a multi-softgel serving
Best for
  • General immune-support routines
  • Vitamin C, D3, zinc, and selenium intake
  • Broad botanical coverage

Pros

  • Useful vitamin C and D3 amounts
  • Zinc citrate and L-selenomethionine
  • Moderate elderberry amount
  • Oil-based softgel delivery

Cons

  • Many mushroom powders are token doses
  • Botanical standardization is limited
  • Three softgels per serving
  • Short supply and weak focused value

Warnings

  • Licorice may raise blood pressure or lower potassium in susceptible users, especially with diuretics, digoxin, or blood-pressure medicines.
  • People with mushroom allergies should note the large variety of mushroom powders in the formula.

Nutrient quality

68 High impact

The vitamin and mineral core uses useful forms and meaningful amounts. Many mushrooms and botanicals are too lightly dosed or poorly characterized to add much depth.

.

Ingredient transparency

82 Highest impact

All active lines have stated amounts and the main nutrient forms are recognizable. Several extracts, powders, the BioPerine complex, and the softgel excipients lack full detail.

.

Customer satisfaction

68 High impact

The supplied average rating is strong and supported by a useful review pool. No review text is available to evaluate recurring complaints or immune-support experiences.

.

Value for money

63 Moderate impact

Useful core nutrients support fair value for a broad immune formula. Lightly dosed mushrooms and incompletely standardized botanicals weaken efficiency.

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Report analysis

Goals

General Health
General Health
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageC Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 50 mcgSelenium · 55 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 200 mg

Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and selenium provide a sound micronutrient base for daily immune and antioxidant support. Oils and a wide botanical-mushroom mix broaden the formula beyond those core needs.

The key minerals and vitamins use clearly named forms at practical amounts. Many botanicals and mushrooms are modestly dosed, so the blend offers more breadth than dependable depth.

Study evidence
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Immunity
Immunity
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageD Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 200 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin D · 50 mcgMaitake Mushroom · 50 mgSelenium · 55 mcgEuropean Elder · 200 mg

Vitamin D, zinc, selenium, elderberry, astragalus, and echinacea give the formula broad immune relevance. The core nutrients and moderate elderberry amount provide the clearest value.

Most mushroom powders are too small and poorly characterized to support the expansive label, making the formula broad but shallow. Licorice can raise blood pressure and potassium-related risk in susceptible users, especially with prolonged use or relevant medicines.

Study evidence
Astragalus Supportive 16 studies
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Testosterone Support
Testicular Health Support
Testosterone Support
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportC CoverageD Formula Quality
Zinc · 15 mgVitamin D · 50 mcg

Vitamin D3, zinc, and selenium give this immune formula a credible nutritional foundation for normal hormone function. The evidence is still strongest for people with inadequate nutrient status.

Vitamin D3 reaches 2,000 IU and zinc citrate reaches a useful maintenance amount in an oil-based softgel. Numerous immune botanicals and mushrooms add little direct testosterone support, and licorice may work against the intended goal in some users.

Study evidence
Selenium No effect 16 studies
Zinc Disputed 7 studies
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC CoverageF Formula Quality
Zinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 200 mgSelenium · 55 mcg

Vitamin C, zinc, selenium, and plant oils provide collagen-cofactor, repair, antioxidant, and lipid support. The immune-centered botanical and mushroom blend has limited direct evidence for structural or hydration-related skin outcomes.

Zinc citrate and L-selenomethionine are favorable forms, while vitamin C and the mineral amounts provide practical support. Numerous powders and extracts spread the formula across many weakly skin-related ingredients.

Study evidence
Selenium Supportive 22 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 66 studies
Hair Health
Hair Health
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitC Strength of SupportD CoverageF Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 50 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 200 mg

Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and selenium support nutritional and antioxidant foundations relevant to follicles. Zinc citrate and L-selenomethionine are useful forms.

The immune-focused mushroom and botanical blend lacks direct hair evidence, and selenium is modest. Licorice may raise blood pressure or lower potassium, especially with diuretics, digoxin, or blood-pressure medicines.

Study evidence
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Vitamin C Mixed 5 studies
Vitamin D Disputed 34 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
30 Calorie(s)
Total Fat
2 Gram(s)
Total Carbohydrates
2 Gram(s)
Protein
1 Gram(s)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 200 mg
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
 50 mcg
Zinc (Zinc Citrate)
 15 mg
Selenium (L-Selenomethionine)
 55 mcg
extra virgin Olive Oil
1050 mg
Flaxseed Oil
1050 mg
Astragalus extract
200 mg
Echinacea purpurea extract
200 mg
Black Elder extract (Black Elderberry)
 200 mg
Licorice powder
100 mg
organic Reishi Mushroom powder
100 mg
organic Turkey Tail Mushroom powder
100 mg
Organic Agaricus Mushroom powder
50 mg
organic Chaga Mushroom powder
50 mg
organic Cordyceps Mushroom powder
50 mg
organic Lion's Mane Mushroom powder
50 mg
organic Maitake Mushroom powder
50 mg
organic Shiitake Mushroom powder
50 mg
BioPerine Complex
6 mg
Adults 18–50 Women
Report overview
Zinc (Zinc Citrate) · 15 mg OverallScore73
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Zinc citrate is an effective organic salt with good absorption and tolerance. The 15 mg elemental zinc amount provides effective maintenance support, and the maintenance zinc dose is below the level where copper depletion is a major concern. The immune-support formula is costly for the delivered maintenance zinc dose.

View ingredientView products
Selenium (L-Selenomethionine) · 55 mcg OverallScore72
A+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

L-selenomethionine provides a highly bioavailable organic source. The 55 mcg amount is conservative and safe, though it falls below the stronger targeted range. The standardized cost for 200 mcg of selenium is extremely high.

View ingredientView products
European Elder (Black Elderberry) · 200 mg OverallScore65
C+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD+ Value

Black Elderberry is clearly identified, but the extract lacks a stated concentration ratio or marker percentage. The 200 mg extract amount meets the collection's moderate range. The serving cost provides moderate value relative to the disclosed extract weight.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
57 Performance

Pure Defense Mushroom-8 Immune Support

Irwin Naturals
Vitamin C, zinc, selenium, elderberry, echinacea, astragalus, and multiple mushrooms closely mirror the original’s immune concept. Most mushrooms are still small unextracted powders, and licorice may be unsuitable with high blood pressure or potassium-depleting medicines.
58 Performance

Immunitone Plus

Designs for Health
Echinacea, andrographis, elderberry, astragalus, green tea, and beta-glucan provide more deliberate botanical immune coverage. Mushroom amounts remain token-sized, and goldenseal-related medicine interactions reduce broad suitability.
68 Performance

Breathe

Host Defense Mushrooms
Cordyceps, chaga, and reishi create a simpler mushroom blend without the original’s many lightly dosed botanicals. Source parts, extraction, substrate, and active markers are not disclosed, while reishi and chaga may increase bleeding concern.
76 Budget

Wellness ImmuneSmart

Source Naturals
Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc citrate, elderberry, echinacea, and andrographis provide more focused immune coverage at lower cost. Selenium is inorganic and several extracts are incompletely standardized, while small mushroom additions contribute little depth.
63 Budget

Ultimate Immune Support

Further Food
Vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, selenium, astragalus, echinacea, elderberry, and andrographis preserve the original’s broad immune approach at better value. Four undisclosed blends prevent a reliable assessment of the botanical amounts.
71 Budget

Mushroom 8-Plex

ZHOU
Clearly stated amounts across an eight-mushroom blend provide an economical alternative for users mainly interested in the mushroom portion of the original. Missing mushroom parts, extraction methods, and beta-glucan levels leave active potency uncertain.
64 Value

Fermented Mushroom Complete 600 mg

Solaray
Named mushroom species with individual amounts offer clearer mushroom coverage at favorable serving value. Oat-grown material and missing extraction or beta-glucan details weaken quality-adjusted potency.
60 Value

MyCommunity

Host Defense Mushrooms
A broad, individually listed mushroom blend offers convenient coverage at roughly comparable value. Most species contribute small amounts, and the label omits fruiting-body source, extraction, and beta-glucan standardization.
57 Value

Pure Defense Mushroom-8 Immune Support

Irwin Naturals
Vitamin C, zinc, selenium, elderberry, astragalus, echinacea, and mushrooms closely reproduce the original’s broad immune concept. Most mushrooms are small unextracted powders and serving value is weaker, but the ingredient fit is close.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  2. Zinc for infection prevention in children with sickle cell anemia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
    Namazzi R; Opoka R; Conroy AL; Datta D; Tagoola A; Bond C; Goings MJ; Ryu MS; Cusick SE; Krebs NF; Jang JH; Tu W; Ware RE; John CC · Blood advances · 2023
    Randomized trial252 participantsImmunity forZinc
  3. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  4. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  5. Selenium supplementation has beneficial and detrimental effects on immunity to influenza vaccine in older adults.
    Ivory K; Prieto E; Spinks C; Armah CN; Goldson AJ; Dainty JR; Nicoletti C · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2018
    Randomized trial117 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  6. Effect of low-dose selenium on thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid function in UK pregnant women with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency.
    Mao J; Pop VJ; Bath SC; Vader HL; Redman CW; Rayman MP · European journal of nutrition · 2016
    Randomized trial230 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  7. Associations of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
    Cui Z; Xie R; Lu X; Schomburg L; Brenner H; Schöttker B · Redox biology · 2025
    Meta-analysis95 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  8. Dietary Antioxidants, Circulating Antioxidant Concentrations, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.
    Jayedi A; Rashidy-Pour A; Parohan M; Zargar MS; Shab-Bidar S · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019
    Meta-analysis507,251 participants41 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  9. The efficacy and safety of selenium supplementation versus placebo in the treatment of Graves' orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
    Sharabati I; Qafesha RM; Hindawi MD; Amro S; Ayesh BM · Clinical endocrinology · 2024
    Meta-analysis4 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  10. Associations of plasma metal concentrations with the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Chinese adults.
    Shi L; Yuan Y; Xiao Y; Long P; Li W; Yu Y; Liu Y; Liu K; Wang H; Zhou L; Yang H; Li X; He M; Wu T · Environment international · 2021
    Cohort study6,155 participantsGeneral Health forSelenium
  11. Updates on clinical studies of selenium supplementation in radiotherapy.
    Puspitasari IM; Abdulah R; Yamazaki C; Kameo S; Nakano T; Koyama H · Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2015
    Systematic review16 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  12. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  13. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  14. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  15. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  16. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  17. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  18. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  19. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  20. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  21. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  22. Beyond Efficacy: 0.6% Selenium Disulfide Shampoo Matches 2% Ketoconazole for Seborrheic Dermatitis with Superior Cosmesis.
    Farris PK; Barbosa V; Houshman EB; Kovylkina N · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2026
    Randomized trial87 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  23. Selenium Disulfide-based shampoo applied for 4 weeks significantly improves dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
    Turcu G; Artenie C; Nowicka D; Arenbergerová M; Lazaridou E; Khobzei K; Ataseven A; Part M; Leclerc-Mercier S · European journal of dermatology : EJD · 2023
    Observational study1,407 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  24. A Comparative Randomized Clinical Study Assessing the Efficacy of a 1% Selenium Disulfide-Based Shampoo versus 2% Ketoconazole Shampoo in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis.
    Barbosa V; Melo DF; Vañó-Galván S; Lutchmanen-Kolanthan V; Sant'Anna B; Leclerc-Mercier S; Reygagne P · Skin appendage disorders · 2025
    Randomized trial64 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  25. Changes of serum trace elements level in patients with alopecia areata: A meta-analysis.
    Jin W; Zheng H; Shan B; Wu Y · The Journal of dermatology · 2018
    Meta-analysis764 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  26. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; de Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Peláez C; Pentieva K; Siani A; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Aggett P; Crous Bou M; Cubadda F; Ciccolallo L; de Sesmaisons Lecarré A; Fabiani L; Titz A; Naska A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023
    Systematic reviewHair Health forSelenium
  27. Management of hair loss associated with endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer: an overview.
    Karatas F; Sahin S; Sever AR; Altundag K · SpringerPlus · 2016
    Narrative reviewHair Health forVitamin C
  28. Elucidating causal relationships of diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of non-scarring alopecia: A Mendelian randomization study.
    Ba Y; Shen L; Peng X; Zhang Y; Wang J · Medicine · 2024
    Methods validation study201,019 participantsHair Health forVitamin C
  29. Alterations of plasma antioxidants and mitochondrial DNA mutation in hair follicles of smokers.
    Liu CS; Chen HW; Lii CK; Tsai CS; Kuo CL; Wei YH · Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2002
    Observational studyHair Health forVitamin C
  30. Removal of synthetic hair dye using formamidine sulfinic acid and other sulfinate precursors.
    Hawkes JA; Lewis DM; Mama J; Murray J · International journal of cosmetic science · 2026
    Methods validation studyHair Health forVitamin C
  31. A Zinc Sulphate-Resistant Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Patient with a Novel Mutation in SLC39A4 Gene.
    Kilic M; Taskesen M; Coskun T; Gürakan F; Tokatli A; Sivri HS; Dursun A; Schmitt S; Küry S · JIMD reports · 2013
    Case reportHair Health forVitamin C
  32. Increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Lee S; Kim BJ; Lee CH; Lee WS · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2018
    Meta-analysis2,039 participants14 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  33. Intralesional vitamin D3 in treatment of alopecia areata: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
    Rashad AF; Elgamal E; Fouda I · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2022
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  34. Vitamin D and its Analogs in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Alopecia Areata: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Alsaati AA; Kaliyadan F; Alsaadoun D; Alzakry LM; Alzabadin RA; Hakami TH; Rubaian NFB · Indian dermatology online journal · 2025
    Meta-analysisHair Health forVitamin D
  35. Topical calcipotriol vs narrowband ultraviolet B in treatment of alopecia areata: a randomized-controlled trial.
    El Taieb MA; Hegazy EM; Ibrahim HM; Osman AB; Abualhamd M · Archives of dermatological research · 2020
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  36. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D in non-scarring alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chen Y; Dong X; Wang Y; Li Y; Xiong L; Li L · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2024
    Meta-analysis10,670 participants23 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  37. The effects of minoxidil, 1% pyrithione zinc and a combination of both on hair density: a randomized controlled trial.
    Berger RS; Fu JL; Smiles KA; Turner CB; Schnell BM; Werchowski KM; Lammers KM · The British journal of dermatology · 2003
    Randomized trial200 participantsHair Health forZinc
  38. Incubatory environment of the scalp impacts pre-emergent hair to affect post-emergent hair cuticle integrity.
    Schwartz JR; Henry JP; Kerr KM; Flagler MJ; Page SH; Redman-Furey N · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2018
    Randomized trialHair Health forZinc
  39. A comparison of hair quality and cosmetic acceptance following the use of two anti-dandruff shampoos.
    Draelos ZD; Kenneally DC; Hodges LT; Billhimer W; Copas M; Margraf C · The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings · 2006
    Randomized trial40 participantsHair Health forZinc
  40. BMI and levels of zinc, copper in hair, serum and urine of Turkish male patients with androgenetic alopecia.
    Ozturk P; Kurutas E; Ataseven A; Dokur N; Gumusalan Y; Gorur A; Tamer L; Inaloz S · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2015
    Case-control study216 participantsHair Health forZinc
  41. Analysis of serum zinc and copper concentrations in hair loss.
    Kil MS; Kim CW; Kim SS · Annals of dermatology · 2013
    Case-control study342 participantsHair Health forZinc
  42. Astragalus polysaccharides combined with radiochemotherapy for cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.
    Sun T; Zhao R; Zhang Y; Li D; Shan X; Tang X; Zheng Y · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Meta-analysis776 participants9 studies pooledImmunity forAstragalus
  43. [Effect of intravenous drip infusion of cyclophosphamide with high-dose Astragalus injection in treating lupus nephritis].
    Su L; Mao JC; Gu JH · Zhong xi yi jie he xue bao = Journal of Chinese integrative medicine · 2008
    Randomized trial43 participantsImmunity forAstragalus
  44. Astragalus mongholicus (Fisch.) Bge Improves Peripheral Treg Cell Immunity Imbalance in the Children With Viral Myocarditis by Reducing the Levels of miR-146b and miR-155.
    Zhang Z; Dai X; Qi J; Ao Y; Yang C; Li Y · Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020
    Randomized trial68 participantsImmunity forAstragalus
  45. [Clinical study on effect of Astragalus in efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing of chemotherapy in patients of malignant tumor].
    Duan P; Wang ZM · Zhongguo Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi = Chinese journal of integrated traditional and Western medicine · 2003
    Randomized trial120 participantsImmunity forAstragalus
  46. [Modulatory effect of Astragalus membranaceus on Th1/Th2 cytokine in patients with herpes simplex keratitis].
    Mao SP; Cheng KL; Zhou YF · Zhongguo Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi = Chinese journal of integrated traditional and Western medicine · 2004
    Randomized trial168 participantsImmunity forAstragalus
  47. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  48. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  49. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  50. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  51. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  52. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  53. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  54. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  55. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  56. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
    Martineau AR; Jolliffe DA; Greenberg L; Aloia JF; Bergman P; Dubnov-Raz G; Esposito S; Ganmaa D; Ginde AA; Goodall EC; Grant CC; Janssens W; Jensen ME; Kerley CP; Laaksi I; Manaseki-Holland S; Mauger D; Murdoch DR; Neale R; Rees JR; Simpson S; Stelmach I; Trilok Kumar G; Urashima M; Camargo CA; Griffiths CJ; Hooper RL · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020
    Meta-analysis11,321 participants25 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  57. Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Zhu Z; Zhu X; Gu L; Zhan Y; Chen L; Li X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis4,859 participants10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  58. Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash.
    Ernst MK; Evans ST; Techner JM; Rothbaum RM; Christensen LF; Onay UV; Biyashev D; Demczuk MM; Nguyen CV; Honda KS; McCormick TS; Tsoi LC; Gudjonsson JE; Cooper KD; Lu KQ · JCI insight · 2023
    Randomized trial28 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  59. Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
    Bychinin MV; Klypa TV; Mandel IA; Yusubalieva GM; Baklaushev VP; Kolyshkina NA; Troitsky AV · Scientific reports · 2022
    Randomized trial110 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  60. Current opinion on the role of vitamin D supplementation in respiratory infections and asthma/COPD exacerbations: A need to establish publication guidelines for overcoming the unpublished data.
    Anitua E; Tierno R; Alkhraisat MH · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022
    Meta-analysis50,554 participants65 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  61. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  62. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  63. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  64. Comparative clinical trial of bifonazole solution versus selenium sulphide shampoo in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor.
    Chu AC · Dermatologica · 1985
    Randomized trial38 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  65. Selenium supplementation and secondary prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a randomized trial.
    Duffield-Lillico AJ; Slate EH; Reid ME; Turnbull BW; Wilkins PA; Combs GF; Park HK; Gross EG; Graham GF; Stratton MS; Marshall JR; Clark LC; Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group · Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2003
    Randomized trial1,312 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  66. Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
    Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
    Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledSkin Health forSelenium Skin Health forZinc
  67. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects of vitamin E and selenium on arsenic-induced skin lesions in Bangladesh.
    Verret WJ; Chen Y; Ahmed A; Islam T; Parvez F; Kibriya MG; Graziano JH; Ahsan H · Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2006
    Randomized trial121 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  68. The Whitening, Moisturizing, Anti-aging Activities, and Skincare Evaluation of Selenium-Enriched Mung Bean Fermentation Broth.
    Wei K; Guo C; Zhu J; Wei Y; Wu M; Huang X; Zhang M; Li J; Wang X; Wang Y; Wei X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Clinical trial31 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  69. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  70. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  71. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  72. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  73. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  74. Sex-related differences in response to zinc pyrithione shampoo vs. non-anti-dandruff shampoo.
    Collins LZ; Baines FL; Matheson JR; Turner GA; Diao Y; Li Y; Pi Y · International journal of cosmetic science · 2019
    Meta-analysis2,088 participants20 studies pooledSkin Health forZinc
  75. Maintenance of an Acidic Skin Surface with a Novel Zinc Lactobionate Emollient Preparation Improves Skin Barrier Function in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
    Andrew PV; Pinnock A; Poyner A; Brown K; Chittock J; Kay LJ; Cork MJ; Danby SG · Dermatology and therapy · 2024
    Cohort study23 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  76. Spatial expression of metallothionein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and Ki-67 in human epidermal wounds treated with zinc and determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry: A randomised double-blind trial.
    Ågren MS; Chafranska L; Eriksen JO; Forman JL; Bjerrum MJ; Schjerling P; Larsen HF; Cottarelli E; Jorgensen LN; Gjerdrum LMR · European journal of cell biology · 2021
    Randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  77. A pilot trial using topical regular crystalline insulin vs. aqueous zinc solution for uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing: Impact on quality of life.
    Attia EA; Belal DM; El Samahy MH; El Hamamsy MH · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2014
    Randomized trial90 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  78. Efficacy of selenium and/or N-acetyl-cysteine for improving semen parameters in infertile men: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study.
    Safarinejad MR; Safarinejad S · The Journal of urology · 2009
    Randomized trial468 participantsTestosterone Support forSelenium
  79. The association between metal exposure and semen quality in Chinese males: The mediating effect of androgens.
    Liu P; Yuan G; Zhou Q; Liu Y; He X; Zhang H; Guo Y; Wen Y; Huang S; Ke Y; Chen J · Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2020
    Cross-sectional study1,136 participantsTestosterone Support forSelenium
  80. In utero and peripubertal metals exposure in relation to reproductive hormones and sexual maturation and progression among girls in Mexico City.
    Ashrap P; Sánchez BN; Téllez-Rojo MM; Basu N; Tamayo-Ortiz M; Peterson KE; Meeker JD; Watkins DJ · Environmental research · 2019
    Observational study132 participantsTestosterone Support forSelenium
  81. Relationship between serum levels of testosterone, zinc and selenium in infertile males attending fertility clinic in Nnewi, south east Nigeria.
    Oluboyo AO; Adijeh RU; Onyenekwe CC; Oluboyo BO; Mbaeri TC; Odiegwu CN; Chukwuma GO; Onwuasoanya UF · African journal of medicine and medical sciences · 2013
    Observational studyTestosterone Support forSelenium
  82. EVALUATION OF MALE SEX HORMONES AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN MALE TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL DIABETIC CLINICS.
    Ubajaka CF; Meludu SC; Dioka CE; Onah CE; Osuji CU; Modebe IA; Ifeadike GC; Okwara JE; Amah UK; Nnebue CC · Nigerian journal of medicine : journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria · 2015
    Cross-sectional studyTestosterone Support forSelenium
  83. Environmental exposure to metals and male reproductive hormones: circulating testosterone is inversely associated with blood molybdenum.
    Meeker JD; Rossano MG; Protas B; Padmanahban V; Diamond MP; Puscheck E; Daly D; Paneth N; Wirth JJ · Fertility and sterility · 2010
    Cross-sectional study219 participantsTestosterone Support forZinc
  84. Nonpharmacological Interventions for the Management of Testosterone and Sperm Parameters: A Scoping Review.
    Santos HO; Cadegiani FA; Forbes SC · Clinical therapeutics · 2022
    Scoping reviewTestosterone Support forZinc
  85. Zinc is an Essential Element for Male Fertility: A Review of Zn Roles in Men's Health, Germination, Sperm Quality, and Fertilization.
    Fallah A; Mohammad-Hasani A; Colagar AH · Journal of reproduction & infertility · 2020
    Narrative reviewTestosterone Support forZinc
  86. Clinical, endocrinological and biochemical effects of zinc deficiency.
    Prasad AS · Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism · 1986
    Narrative reviewTestosterone Support forZinc
  87. Clinical, endocrinologic, and biochemical effects of zinc deficiency.
    Prasad AS · Special topics in endocrinology and metabolism · 1986
    Narrative reviewTestosterone Support forZinc