Product Image

Nordic Immune Daily Defense

Nordic Naturals
4.8
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(73 ratings)
European Elder 429 mg
Vitamin C 1000 mg
Protein 1 Gram(s)
Product Image
Score79
A coherent mix of vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc glycinate, and elderberry provides strong immune-oriented coverage. Unbuffered vitamin C, incomplete elderberry standardization, and a three-softgel serving are the main limitations.
How scoring works
Quantity:90 Softgel(s) • (30 servings)
Goals:
Immunity
General Health
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Skin Health

Score 79

A coherent mix of vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc glycinate, and elderberry provides strong immune-oriented coverage. Unbuffered vitamin C, incomplete elderberry standardization, and a three-softgel serving are the main limitations.
How scoring works
$29.71($0.99 per serving)
Pure Formulas
$ 29.71
iHerb
$ 29.71
Daily Vita
$ 29.71
Vitacost
$ 34.95
Report prices

Analysis

The formula offers direct immune support through 1,000 mg of vitamin C, 50 mcg of vitamin D3, 15 mg of zinc glycinate, and 429 mg of black elderberry fruit extract. These amounts are substantial, and zinc glycinate is a useful form for users who want a well-defined mineral source.

Transparency is good for active quantities but incomplete for ingredient quality. The elderberry extract lacks a concentration ratio or active-marker standard, vitamin C is conventional unbuffered ascorbic acid, and the supplied information does not include a separate excipient list.

Three softgels per serving are less convenient than a one-unit product, yet the combination remains focused and practical for daily immune-oriented use. It also supplies some antioxidant and skin-support value, though it is not designed as a complete vision or broad wellness formula.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a multi-ingredient immune support formula
  • People who prefer zinc glycinate and vitamin D3
  • Users who want elderberry alongside foundational nutrients
Best for
  • Daily immune support
  • Combined vitamin C, vitamin D3, and zinc intake
  • Immune-focused antioxidant coverage

Pros

  • Provides meaningful amounts of four immune-relevant actives
  • Uses zinc in the glycinate form
  • Clearly states each main active amount
  • Combines foundational nutrients with elderberry extract

Cons

  • Elderberry concentration and marker standardization are not stated
  • Vitamin C uses conventional unbuffered ascorbic acid
  • Requires three softgels per serving
  • A separate excipient list is not included in the supplied details

Warnings

  • The 1,000 mg dose of acidic vitamin C may cause stomach upset in sensitive users.
  • The formula supplies 50 mcg of vitamin D3, so users combining vitamin D products should account for their total daily intake.
  • Fifteen milligrams of zinc can meaningfully add to intake from other supplements; long-term stacking may upset mineral balance.

Nutrient quality

89 Highest impact

Vitamin D3, zinc glycinate, vitamin C, and elderberry provide broad and meaningful immune support. Standard ascorbic acid and an unstandardized elderberry extract are the main form-quality limitations.

Ingredient transparency

84 Highest impact

All principal active amounts are disclosed without a proprietary blend. Elderberry potency details, non-active ingredients, and fuller intake directions are not supplied.

Customer satisfaction

66 High impact

The average rating is excellent, with a moderate review count supporting the signal. No detailed reviews are available to check recurring complaints or experiences tied to daily use.

Value for money

73 High impact

Substantial doses and favorable zinc and vitamin D forms provide real formula value. The standard vitamin C form, unstandardized elderberry, and three-softgel serving reduce category competitiveness.

Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Highest effect
A+ Goal FitA Strength of SupportA+ CoverageA+ Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 1000 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin D · 50 mcgEuropean Elder · 429 mg

Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc glycinate, and black elderberry create strong, direct immune coverage. Each major active reaches a meaningful amount for antioxidant, cellular, and respiratory defense support.

Ingredient forms and amounts are clear, with zinc glycinate and D3 strengthening quality. Elderberry lacks an active-marker standard, but the otherwise streamlined formula remains easy to assess.

Study evidence
European Elder Mixed 5 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitA- Strength of SupportB+ CoverageA Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 50 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 1000 mg

Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc glycinate, and black elderberry create a strong immune-oriented formula with meaningful foundational overlap. All four active amounts are clearly stated, and the mineral form is favorable.

Vitamin C is unbuffered, and the elderberry extract lacks a concentration ratio or marker standard. The three-softgel serving remains coherent, though acidic vitamin C may bother sensitive stomachs.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Cellular Defense
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB- CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 50 mcgVitamin C · 1000 mg

Vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, and elderberry provide a coherent mix of immune-regulating and antioxidant support. The disclosed amounts are substantial enough to contribute meaningfully.

The formula is more immune focused than directly anti-inflammatory, and elderberry evidence is strongest in respiratory contexts. Unbuffered ascorbic acid may also cause stomach upset in sensitive users.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 101 studies
Zinc Supportive 64 studies
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB- CoverageB Formula Quality
Zinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 1000 mg

Vitamin C and zinc provide meaningful support for collagen synthesis and skin repair. Vitamin D and elderberry broaden the formula toward immune health rather than direct skin effects.

The main nutrient amounts are clearly stated, with a favorable zinc glycinate form. Unbuffered vitamin C and the three-softgel serving are practical limitations.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 66 studies
Vision Support
Macular and Blue Light Defense
Vision Support
Impact
Moderate effect
F Goal FitB- Strength of SupportF CoverageC- Formula Quality
Zinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 1000 mg

Vitamin C and zinc support antioxidant defenses, but the formula lacks lutein, zeaxanthin, DHA, vitamin E, or copper. Its immune-focused design provides only a partial link to ocular health.

Both relevant amounts are clear and zinc glycinate is a useful form. The narrow antioxidant coverage does not approach an established vision-support combination.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Disputed 24 studies
Zinc Supportive 39 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
25 Calorie(s)
Total Fat
2 Gram(s)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 1000 mg
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
 50 mcg
Zinc (Zinc Glycinate)
 15 mg
Black Elderberry fruit extract
429 mg
Total Carbohydrates
1 Gram(s)
Protein
1 Gram(s)
Gluten Free Adults 18–50
Report overview
European Elder · 429 mg OverallScore78
C+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB+ Value

A substantial and clearly disclosed black elderberry fruit extract supports a strong fit. The missing concentration ratio and active standard are the main quality limitations. Good cost efficiency adds appeal within a broader nutrient formula.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) · 1000 mg OverallScore52
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

A full serving supplies a well-targeted amount of vitamin C, but it uses conventional unbuffered ascorbic acid without enhanced delivery. The softgel adds useful companion nutrients, though the supplied data do not establish a particularly clean excipient profile and the serving is costly for standard vitamin C. People prone to stomach upset from acidic vitamin C may prefer a fully buffered form.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
76 Performance

Wellness ImmuneSmart

Source Naturals
Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and a larger elderberry amount provide broad immune-focused coverage, with added echinacea, andrographis, astragalus, and mushroom extracts. The formula is more complex and some botanical standardization is missing, but it covers more immune pathways than the original.
68 Performance

Liquid Immunity+ Mixed Berry

Trace Minerals
Vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc glycinate, and elderberry closely match the original core while adding an ionic trace-mineral complex. The higher carbohydrate amount and missing elderberry standardization are drawbacks, but the nutrient combination remains well aligned with daily immune support.
68 Performance

Healthy Gut Capsules

Terra Origin
Buffered vitamin C, vitamin D3, two zinc forms, and a larger elderberry amount broaden the original nutrient base. The formula shifts toward digestive support and uses a high vitamin D amount, so it is better suited to users who also want gut-focused ingredients and can verify that dose fits their needs.
80 Budget

Reacta C with Black Elderberry

Solaray
The much lower serving cost still provides vitamin C and a clearly identified black elderberry extract with disclosed polyphenols. It lacks the original vitamin D3 and zinc, but the buffered vitamin C form may be gentler for sensitive stomachs.
76 Budget

Multivitamin plus 24 HR Immune Support

Sundown
The lower serving cost retains vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and elderberry while adding several basic vitamins. Elderberry is present only in a small amount and zinc oxide is less appealing than the original glycinate form, but the core immune nutrients remain covered.
69 Budget

Elderberry Immunity Powder Lemon Berry

Trace Minerals
The lower serving cost keeps the original amount of vitamin C and adds zinc plus black elderberry. It omits vitamin D3 and does not state elderberry standardization, so the savings come with narrower and less verifiable support.
72 Value

Beyond Wellness

KAL
The lower serving cost combines vitamin C, zinc picolinate, standardized andrographis, elderberry, astragalus, olive leaf, garlic, and mushroom ingredients. It lacks vitamin D3, but the disclosed botanical markers and broad immune coverage make the formula cost-effective for users prioritizing herbs.
72 Value

Immufight Immune Response Support

Solaray
The lower serving cost retains vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and black elderberry while adding selenium, monolaurin, olive leaf, and a probiotic. Elderberry is less prominent than in the original, but the broader disclosed formula offers useful value without losing the main nutrient trio.
72 Value

Wellness Fizz Natural Berry Flavor

Source Naturals
The lower serving cost maintains vitamin C, zinc, and elderberry while adding vitamin A, vitamin E, selenium, echinacea, and several plant extracts. It omits vitamin D3 and contains more sodium, but the broad ingredient coverage may suit users seeking an inexpensive short-course powder.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Effect of Vitamin C Supplements on Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Keya TA; Leela A; Fernandez K; Habib N; Rashid M · Current reviews in clinical and experimental pharmacology · 2022
    Meta-analysis10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  2. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  3. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  4. Vitamin C for the management of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Abid H; Mushtaq I; Munir ABI; Shakil J; Vinjamuri S; Tadasare N; Kiran F; Muhammad Wali Mirza A; Fatima Khidri F; Shahid A; Ayyan M; Ehsan M; Cheema HA; Alsubari AMA; Sahra S; Siddiqi NI · Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026
    Meta-analysis9 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  5. Immunocompetence and oxidant defense during ascorbate depletion of healthy men.
    Jacob RA; Kelley DS; Pianalto FS; Swendseid ME; Henning SM; Zhang JZ; Ames BN; Fraga CG; Peters JH · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1992
    Clinical trial8 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  6. Elderberry for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory illnesses: a systematic review.
    Wieland LS; Piechotta V; Feinberg T; Ludeman E; Hutton B; Kanji S; Seely D; Garritty C · BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2021
    Systematic review5 studies pooledImmunity forEuropean Elder
  7. Select Dietary Supplement Ingredients for Preserving and Protecting the Immune System in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review.
    Crawford C; Brown LL; Costello RB; Deuster PA · Nutrients · 2022
    Systematic review39 studies pooledImmunity forEuropean Elder
  8. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  9. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  10. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  11. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  12. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  13. Vitamin D deficiency and C-reactive protein: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.
    Zhou A; Hyppönen E · International journal of epidemiology · 2023
    Observational study294,970 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  14. Vitamin D in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
    El Amrousy D; El Ashry H; Hodeib H; Hassan S · Journal of clinical gastroenterology · 2021
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  15. Vitamin D supplementation reduces infection rate and promotes wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
    Gao YQ; Gao YH; Xing JH · World journal of diabetes · 2025
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  16. Associations of C-reactive Protein with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 24 Specific Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study from NHANES.
    Yang F; Sun M; Sun C; Li J; Yang X; Bi C; Wang M; Pu L; Wang J; Wang C; Xie M; Yao Y; Jin L · Scientific reports · 2020
    Cross-sectional study9,809 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  17. Combined effects of vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation on all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in older adults.
    Zhang C; Cui J; Li S; Shen J; Luo X; Yao Y; Shi H · BMC geriatrics · 2024
    Cohort study3,072 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  18. Zinc decreases C-reactive protein, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects: a potential implication of zinc as an atheroprotective agent.
    Bao B; Prasad AS; Beck FW; Fitzgerald JT; Snell D; Bao GW; Singh T; Cardozo LJ · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2010
    Randomized trial40 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  19. Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis.
    Nazari M; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Pashayee-Khamene F; Bagheri R; Goudarzi K; Hosseinnia NV; Dolatshahi S; Omran HS; Amirani N; Ashtary-Larky D; Asbaghi O; Ghanavati M · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Meta-analysis23 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  20. The Effects of Zinc Supplementation on C-Reactive Protein and Inflammatory Cytokines: A Meta-Analysis and Systematical Review.
    Ceylan MN; Akdas S; Yazihan N · Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022
    Meta-analysis73 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  21. The Effects of Zinc Sulfate Supplementation on Serum Copeptin, C-Reactive Protein and Metabolic Markers in Zinc-Deficient Diabetic Patients on Hemodialysis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Hosseini R; Montazerifar F; Shahraki E; Karajibani M; Mokhtari AM; Dashipour AR; Ferns GA; Jalali M · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Randomized trial46 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  22. Zinc supplementation and cardiovascular disease risk factors: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
    Nazari M; Ashtary-Larky D; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Goudarzi K; Bagheri R; Dolatshahi S; Omran HS; Amirani N; Ghanavati M; Asbaghi O · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2023
    Meta-analysis75 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  23. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  24. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  25. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  26. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  27. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  28. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults.
    Bjelakovic G; Gluud LL; Nikolova D; Whitfield K; Wetterslev J; Simonetti RG; Bjelakovic M; Gluud C · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
    Meta-analysis95,286 participants159 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  29. Effect of vitamin D on gastrointestinal symptoms and health-related quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.
    Abbasnezhad A; Amani R; Hajiani E; Alavinejad P; Cheraghian B; Ghadiri A · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2018
    Randomized trial90 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin D
  30. The impact of vitamin D administration on mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Kow CS; Ramachandram DS; Hasan SS; Wong Z; Thiruchelvam K · Inflammopharmacology · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,495 participants19 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  31. Vitamin D Status and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
    Heath AK; Kim IY; Hodge AM; English DR; Muller DC · International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Systematic review84 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  32. Meta-analysis of long-term vitamin D supplementation on overall mortality.
    Zheng Y; Zhu J; Zhou M; Cui L; Yao W; Liu Y · PloS one · 2014
    Meta-analysis42 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  33. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  34. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  35. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  36. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  37. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  38. Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials
    Jessie Hawkins, Christy Baker, Lindsey Cherry, Erich Dunne · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · 2019
    Meta-analysis180 participants4 studies pooledImmunity forEuropean Elder
  39. Elderberry Supplementation Reduces Cold Duration and Symptoms in Air-Travellers: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
    Tiralongo E; Wee SS; Lea RA · Nutrients · 2016
    Randomized trial312 participantsImmunity forEuropean Elder
  40. Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections
    Z Zakay-Rones, E Thom, T Wollan, J Wadstein · Journal of International Medical Research · 2004
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forEuropean Elder
  41. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  42. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  43. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  44. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  45. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  46. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  47. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  48. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  49. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  50. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  51. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  52. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  53. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  54. Sex-related differences in response to zinc pyrithione shampoo vs. non-anti-dandruff shampoo.
    Collins LZ; Baines FL; Matheson JR; Turner GA; Diao Y; Li Y; Pi Y · International journal of cosmetic science · 2019
    Meta-analysis2,088 participants20 studies pooledSkin Health forZinc
  55. Maintenance of an Acidic Skin Surface with a Novel Zinc Lactobionate Emollient Preparation Improves Skin Barrier Function in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
    Andrew PV; Pinnock A; Poyner A; Brown K; Chittock J; Kay LJ; Cork MJ; Danby SG · Dermatology and therapy · 2024
    Cohort study23 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  56. Spatial expression of metallothionein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and Ki-67 in human epidermal wounds treated with zinc and determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry: A randomised double-blind trial.
    Ågren MS; Chafranska L; Eriksen JO; Forman JL; Bjerrum MJ; Schjerling P; Larsen HF; Cottarelli E; Jorgensen LN; Gjerdrum LMR · European journal of cell biology · 2021
    Randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  57. A pilot trial using topical regular crystalline insulin vs. aqueous zinc solution for uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing: Impact on quality of life.
    Attia EA; Belal DM; El Samahy MH; El Hamamsy MH · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2014
    Randomized trial90 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  58. Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
    Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
    Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledSkin Health forZinc
  59. Role of Oral Vitamin 'C' on Astigmatic Errors in Phacoemulsification.
    Mohan S; Sah K; Khattri M; Ahmad L; Sachan SK · Current eye research · 2021
    Randomized trial400 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  60. Ascorbic acid metabolites are involved in intraocular pressure control in the general population.
    Hysi PG; Khawaja AP; Menni C; Tamraz B; Wareham N; Khaw KT; Foster PJ; Benet LZ; Spector TD; Hammond CJ · Redox biology · 2019
    Observational studyVision Support forVitamin C
  61. Nutritional modulation of cataract.
    Weikel KA; Garber C; Baburins A; Taylor A · Nutrition reviews · 2014
    Narrative reviewVision Support forVitamin C
  62. Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C, and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan.
    Aoki A; Inoue M; Nguyen E; Obata R; Kadonosono K; Shinkai S; Hashimoto H; Sasaki S; Yanagi Y · Scientific reports · 2017
    Case-control study530 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  63. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, lifestyle and age-related macular degeneration: the Coimbra Eye Study - report 3.
    Raimundo M; Mira F; Cachulo MDL; Barreto P; Ribeiro L; Farinha C; Laíns I; Nunes S; Alves D; Figueira J; Merle BM; Delcourt C; Santos L; Silva R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2019
    Case-control study883 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  64. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2002
    Systematic review170 participants7 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  65. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Meta-analysis3,790 participants5 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  66. Oral zinc in macular degeneration.
    Newsome DA; Swartz M; Leone NC; Elston RC; Miller E · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1988
    Randomized trial151 participantsVision Support forZinc
  67. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.
    Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2001
    Randomized trial3,640 participantsVision Support forZinc
  68. Effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on the nutriture of children in Northeast Thailand.
    Udomkesmalee E; Dhanamitta S; Sirisinha S; Charoenkiatkul S; Tuntipopipat S; Banjong O; Rojroongwasinkul N; Kramer TR; Smith JC · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial133 participantsVision Support forZinc