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Brain Sharp

The Vitamin Shoppe
4.6
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(36 ratings)
Acetyl L-Carnitine 500 mg
Product Image
Score71
A coherent ALCAR-and-phosphatidylserine brain formula with supportive B vitamins. High B6 and incomplete carnitine-form detail are notable trade-offs.
How scoring works
Quantity:90 Capsule(s) • (30 servings)
Goals:
Productivity Boost
Cognitive Support
Energy
Anti-Aging
Brain Health
Mental Focus
Metabolism Boost

Score 71

A coherent ALCAR-and-phosphatidylserine brain formula with supportive B vitamins. High B6 and incomplete carnitine-form detail are notable trade-offs.
How scoring works
$0.00($0.00 per serving)
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Analysis

ALCAR reaches a practical targeted amount, and phosphatidylserine adds a complementary cognitive mechanism. Methylcobalamin and folate broaden the nutrient profile without a hidden blend.

The carnitine salt is not identified, leaving form detail incomplete. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is comparatively high for daily long-term use and deserves more attention than the other B vitamins.

Three capsules may be inconvenient, but the formula offers more cognitive breadth than ALCAR alone. Weight loss is a poor fit because the actives do not directly address appetite or thermogenesis.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking multi-pathway cognitive support
  • Users wanting ALCAR with phosphatidylserine
Best for
  • Mental energy and cognitive stamina
  • Non-stimulant productivity routines

Pros

  • Useful ALCAR amount
  • Meaningful phosphatidylserine
  • Uses methylcobalamin

Cons

  • ALCAR salt is not stated
  • Vitamin B6 is high for long-term use
  • Three-capsule serving

Warnings

  • Long-term high vitamin B6 intake may contribute to neuropathy
  • ALCAR may cause restlessness
  • Consider folate and B12 from other supplements

Nutrient quality

86 Highest impact

Meaningful acetyl-L-carnitine and phosphatidylserine support a coherent cognitive design. The elevated pyridoxine amount and premium serving cost are the main limitations.

.

Ingredient transparency

81 Highest impact

All active amounts are disclosed without a hidden blend. Several forms, daily-use directions, and non-active ingredients are not fully supplied.

.

Customer satisfaction

59 Moderate impact

The available rating is favorable and the sample is small. Detailed feedback was not supplied, so repeated complaints and alignment with the intended use remain uncertain.

.

Value for money

51 Moderate impact

Useful cognitive doses partly justify the premium position. The short supply creates weak effective serving value.

.
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Goals

Productivity Boost
Productivity Boost
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB+ CoverageA Formula Quality
Vitamin B12 · 100 mcgVitamin B12 · 100 mcgVitamin B6 · 25 mgAcetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mgAcetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mg

Acetyl-L-carnitine and phosphatidylserine provide a focused combination for brain energy, membrane function, and mental stamina. Both are supplied at meaningful amounts, while B6, folate, and methylcobalamin add neurotransmitter and energy cofactors.

The label clearly states each amount, although acetyl-L-carnitine sourcing and the use of precursor-form B6 leave smaller quality gaps. Daily vitamin B6 at this level may increase long-term nerve risk when combined with other B6 supplements.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 1 study
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 1 study
Vitamin B6 Disputed 6 studies
Cognitive Support
Cognitive Support
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB- CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin B6 · 25 mgFolate · 667 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 100 mcgAcetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mg

Acetyl-L-carnitine and phosphatidylserine directly support brain energy and neuronal membrane function. Both reach meaningful amounts, while methylcobalamin and folate add nutritional support.

The acetyl-L-carnitine salt is not specified, but the core doses are fully disclosed. Vitamin B6 at the listed amount may raise neuropathy risk with prolonged daily use.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 20 studies
Folate Supportive 68 studies
Vitamin B6 Supportive 17 studies
Energy
Energy
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Goal FitA Strength of SupportC CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Vitamin B12 · 100 mcgAcetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mg

Acetyl L-Carnitine provides relevant support for energy. Directly facilitates fatty acid metabolism for ATP production in both the brain and muscles.

The formula supplies an effective ALCAR amount, but the salt form and sourcing quality are not identified. Phosphatidylserine adds useful value, though the ALCAR cost remains high, and 25 mg of vitamin B6 may raise neuropathy risk with prolonged use.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 19 studies
Anti-Aging
DNA & Cellular Repair
Anti-Aging
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportB- CoverageA Formula Quality
Folate · 667 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 100 mcg

Acetyl L-carnitine and phosphatidylserine provide a focused foundation for mitochondrial and neuronal support. Methylcobalamin and folate add useful metabolic cofactors, with all active amounts clearly disclosed.

The formula has meaningful cognitive depth but does not address structural or inflammatory aging broadly. Long-term daily use deserves caution because the vitamin B6 amount may raise neuropathy risk in susceptible users.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 1 study
Folate Supportive 16 studies
Brain Health
Brain Health
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportB CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Folate · 667 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 100 mcgVitamin B6 · 25 mg

The formula combines brain energy and membrane support with useful B-vitamin cofactors. Acetyl L-carnitine and phosphatidylserine are both clearly disclosed at meaningful amounts.

The acetyl L-carnitine salt and sourcing quality are unspecified, and the vitamin B6 amount is relatively high for routine long-term use. Repeated daily exposure to pyridoxine at this level deserves caution because excessive vitamin B6 can contribute to nerve symptoms.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 19 studies
Vitamin B6 Supportive 29 studies
Mental Focus
Mental Focus
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportC+ CoverageB- Formula Quality
Folate · 667 mcg DFEVitamin B6 · 25 mgVitamin B12 · 100 mcgAcetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mg

Acetyl-L-carnitine and phosphatidylserine directly support cognitive energy and neuronal signaling. The formula has meaningful focus relevance, though the supplied analysis does not establish strength across every included ingredient.

The ALCAR amount is effective and clearly disclosed, but its salt form and sourcing are not identified. Long-term use of 25 mg vitamin B6 may raise neuropathy risk, especially when combined with other B6 sources.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Supportive 7 studies
Vitamin B6 Disputed 6 studies
Metabolism Boost
Metabolism Boost
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin B12 · 100 mcgVitamin B6 · 25 mgAcetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mg

Acetyl L-carnitine supports mitochondrial fuel transport, while B vitamins contribute to energy metabolism. Phosphatidylserine mainly adds cognitive support rather than another metabolic pathway.

The acetyl L-carnitine amount is standard and all active amounts are disclosed. Long-term use deserves care because 25 mg of pyridoxine may increase neuropathy risk in some users.

Study evidence
Acetyl L-Carnitine Adverse 1 study
Vitamin B6 Supportive 16 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 25 mg
Folate
667 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)
 100 mcg
Acetyl-L-Carnitine
500 mg
Phosphatidylserine
200 mg
Gluten Free Adults 18–50 Dairy Free Sugar Free Seniors 50+
Report overview
Acetyl L-Carnitine · 500 mg OverallScore76
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The formula supplies an effective ALCAR amount, but the salt form and sourcing quality are not identified. Its exact dose is disclosed within a three-capsule serving. Phosphatidylserine adds useful value, though the ALCAR cost remains high, and 25 mg of vitamin B6 may raise neuropathy risk with prolonged use.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
84 Performance

Acetyl-L-Carnitine Arginate

Life Extension
<p>Ingredient coverage is more compelling because two identified acetyl-L-carnitine salts provide a combined 620 mg serving. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; the alternative provides a more differentiated and clearly disclosed way to support the same collection.</p>
81 Performance

RegenerLife Watermelon

Natural Factors
<p>Ingredient coverage is more compelling because 1,500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine is paired with 300 mg CoQ10 plus measured glutathione and antioxidant enzymes. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; the alternative provides a more differentiated and clearly disclosed way to support the same collection.</p>
81 Performance

CoQ10 + Alpha Lipoic Acid + Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl

Nature's Lab
<p>Ingredient coverage is more compelling because 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine is paired with 300 mg alpha-lipoic acid and 200 mg CoQ10. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; the alternative provides a more differentiated and clearly disclosed way to support the same collection.</p>
87 Budget

Acetyl L-Carnitine 500 mg

Swanson
<p>It offers a lower listed serving cost while retaining a clearly described active formula. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; in comparison, a focused 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride serving avoids unrelated additions.</p>
86 Budget

Acetyl L-Carnitine 500 mg

Source Naturals
<p>It offers a lower listed serving cost while retaining a clearly described active formula. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; in comparison, a focused 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride serving avoids unrelated additions.</p>
86 Budget

Acetyl-L-Carnitine 500 mg

The Vitamin Shoppe
<p>It offers a lower listed serving cost while retaining a clearly described active formula. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; in comparison, a focused 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride serving avoids unrelated additions.</p>
86 Value

Acetyl L-Carnitine 500 mg

Swanson
<p>It balances practical value with a purposeful formula because a focused 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride serving avoids unrelated additions. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; the alternative offers a useful trade-off between ingredient focus, disclosed amounts, and serving cost.</p>
85 Value

Acetyl L-Carnitine 500 mg

Source Naturals
<p>It balances practical value with a purposeful formula because a focused 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride serving avoids unrelated additions. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; the alternative offers a useful trade-off between ingredient focus, disclosed amounts, and serving cost.</p>
84 Value

Acetyl L-Carnitine 500 mg

Nature's Way
<p>It balances practical value with a purposeful formula because a focused 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride serving avoids unrelated additions. The original combines 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine with phosphatidylserine but also uses an elevated pyridoxine amount; the alternative offers a useful trade-off between ingredient focus, disclosed amounts, and serving cost.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.
    Malaguarnera M; Gargante MP; Cristaldi E; Vacante M; Risino C; Cammalleri L; Pennisi G; Rampello L · Digestive diseases and sciences · 2008
    Randomized trial125 participantsCognitive Support Brain Health forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  2. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves cognitive functions in severe hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized and controlled clinical trial.
    Malaguarnera M; Vacante M; Motta M; Giordano M; Malaguarnera G; Bella R; Nunnari G; Rampello L; Pennisi G · Metabolic brain disease · 2012
    Randomized trial61 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  3. Acetyl L-carnitine slows decline in younger patients with Alzheimer's disease: a reanalysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using the trilinear approach.
    Brooks JO; Yesavage JA; Carta A; Bravi D · International psychogeriatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial334 participantsCognitive Support forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  4. A 1-year controlled trial of acetyl-l-carnitine in early-onset AD.
    Thal LJ; Calvani M; Amato A; Carta A · Neurology · 2000
    Randomized trial229 participantsCognitive Support forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  5. Double-blind, placebo controlled study of acetyl-l-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's dementia.
    Rai G; Wright G; Scott L; Beston B; Rest J; Exton-Smith AN · Current medical research and opinion · 1990
    Randomized trial36 participantsBrain Health forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  6. Mental impairment in aging: selection of patients, methods of evaluation and therapeutic possibilities of acetyl-L-carnitine.
    Passeri M; Iannuccelli M; Ciotti G; Bonati PA; Nolfe G; Cucinotta D · International journal of clinical pharmacology research · 1989
    Randomized trial30 participantsBrain Health forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  7. The Effect of Acylcarnitines on Cognitive Function: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.
    Luan S; Zhang J; Wang C; Wang Z; Zhou J · Brain and behavior · 2025
    OtherBrain Health forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  8. Acetyl-L-carnitine Slows the Progression from Prefrailty to Frailty in Older Subjects: A Randomized Interventional Clinical Trial.
    Malaguarnera G; Catania VE; Bertino G; Chisari LM; Castorina M; Bonfiglio C; Cauli O; Malaguarnera M · Current pharmaceutical design · 2022
    Randomized trial92 participantsAnti-Aging forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  9. One-carbon metabolism-related compounds are associated with epigenetic aging biomarkers: results from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002.
    Bozack AK; Khodasevich D; Nwanaji-Enwerem JC; Gladish N; Shen H; Daredia S; Gamble M; Needham BL; Rehkopf DH; Cardenas A · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study2,346 participantsAnti-Aging forFolate
  10. Longitudinal associations of one-carbon metabolism biomarkers with biological and epigenetic aging in older adults in India.
    Wang J; Crimmins E; Kim JK; Chang NS; Dey S; Lee J; Thyagarajan B; Vivek S · GeroScience · 2026
    Cohort studyAnti-Aging forFolate
  11. Associations between leukocyte telomere length and three measures of folate status: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 1999-2002.
    Xue Q; Chen H · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Cross-sectional study7,324 participantsAnti-Aging forFolate
  12. Homocysteine versus the vitamins folate, B6, and B12 as predictors of cognitive function and decline in older high-functioning adults: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging.
    Kado DM; Karlamangla AS; Huang MH; Troen A; Rowe JW; Selhub J; Seeman TE · The American journal of medicine · 2005
    Cohort study499 participantsAnti-Aging forFolate
  13. Blood folate is associated with asymptomatic or partially symptomatic Alzheimer's disease in the Nun study.
    Wang H; Odegaard A; Thyagarajan B; Hayes J; Cruz KS; Derosiers MF; Tyas SL; Gross MD · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2012
    Cohort study60 participantsAnti-Aging forFolate
  14. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's disease.
    Spagnoli A; Lucca U; Menasce G; Bandera L; Cizza G; Forloni G; Tettamanti M; Frattura L; Tiraboschi P; Comelli M · Neurology · 1991
    Randomized trial130 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  15. Pharmaco-electroencephalographic and clinical effects of the cholinergic substance--acetyl-L-carnitine--in patients with organic brain syndrome.
    Herrmann WM; Dietrich B; Hiersemenzel R · International journal of clinical pharmacology research · 1990
    Randomized trialBrain Health forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  16. Acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of mildly demented elderly patients.
    Passeri M; Cucinotta D; Bonati PA; Iannuccelli M; Parnetti L; Senin U · International journal of clinical pharmacology research · 1990
    Randomized trial60 participantsBrain Health Mental Focus forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  17. Vitamin B12, B6, or Folate and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Zhang C; Luo J; Yuan C; Ding D · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021
    Meta-analysis21 studies pooledBrain Health forVitamin B6
  18. Relationship between serum pyridoxal 5'-phosphate concentration and cognitive function in older Japanese.
    Itoh K; Kuwabara A; Otsuka R; Sugimoto T; Sakurai T; Niida S; Ao M; Tanaka K; Takenaka S; Kanouchi H · Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study266 participantsBrain Health forVitamin B6
  19. A randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of pyridoxine and ascorbic acid on cognitive function and quality of life in post-menopausal women.
    Dhivya K; Sarumathy S; Manigandan G · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025
    Randomized trial180 participantsBrain Health forVitamin B6
  20. Lower Plasma Vitamin B-6 is Associated with 2-Year Cognitive Decline in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.
    Palacios N; Scott T; Sahasrabudhe N; Gao X; Tucker KL · The Journal of nutrition · 2020
    Cohort study949 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forVitamin B6
  21. Are Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals Effective for Musculoskeletal Health and Cognitive Function? A Scoping Review.
    Iolascon G; Gimigliano R; Bianco M; De Sire A; Moretti A; Giusti A; Malavolta N; Migliaccio S; Migliore A; Napoli N; Piscitelli P; Resmini G; Tarantino U; Gimigliano F · The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2017
    Scoping review12 studies pooledBrain Health forVitamin B6
  22. A double-blind, parallel, multicenter comparison of L-acetylcarnitine with placebo on the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in fragile X syndrome boys.
    Torrioli MG; Vernacotola S; Peruzzi L; Tabolacci E; Mila M; Militerni R; Musumeci S; Ramos FJ; Frontera M; Sorge G; Marzullo E; Romeo G; Vallee L; Veneselli E; Cocchi E; Garbarino E; Moscato U; Chiurazzi P; D'Iddio S; Calvani M; Neri G · American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2008
    Randomized trial63 participantsCognitive Support forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  23. Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) treatment in elderly patients with fatigue.
    Malaguarnera M; Gargante MP; Cristaldi E; Colonna V; Messano M; Koverech A; Neri S; Vacante M; Cammalleri L; Motta M · Archives of gerontology and geriatrics · 2008
    Randomized trial96 participantsCognitive Support forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  24. Effects of 6-Month Folic Acid Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Blood Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China.
    Ma F; Wu T; Zhao J; Han F; Marseglia A; Liu H; Huang G · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2017
    Randomized trial180 participantsCognitive Support forFolate
  25. Serum folate and B12 levels in association with cognitive impairment among seniors: results from the VELESTINO study in Greece and meta-analysis.
    Michelakos T; Kousoulis AA; Katsiardanis K; Dessypris N; Anastasiou A; Katsiardani KP; Kanavidis P; Stefanadis C; Papadopoulos FC; Petridou ET · Journal of aging and health · 2013
    Meta-analysis8,122 participants9 studies pooledCognitive Support forFolate
  26. B vitamins and prevention of cognitive decline and incident dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Wang Z; Zhu W; Xing Y; Jia J; Tang Y · Nutrition reviews · 2022
    Meta-analysis46,175 participants95 studies pooledCognitive Support forFolate
  27. Homocysteine and folate as risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer disease.
    Ravaglia G; Forti P; Maioli F; Martelli M; Servadei L; Brunetti N; Porcellini E; Licastro F · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2005
    Cohort study816 participantsCognitive Support forFolate
  28. Folate mediates cognitive impairment of aged people with periodontitis.
    Liu F; Liu Y; Feng Y; Zhao J; Wang M; Ye M; Zhang Y; Gan X; Pan Q; Shen J · Nutritional neuroscience · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,966 participantsCognitive Support forFolate
  29. Safety and Efficacy of High-Dose Vitamin B6 as an Adjunctive Treatment for Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperprolactinemia in Male Patients With Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.
    Zhuo C; Xu Y; Wang H; Fang T; Chen J; Zhou C; Li Q; Liu J; Xu S; Yao C; Yang W; Yang A; Li B; Chen Y; Tian H; Lin C · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021
    Randomized trial200 participantsCognitive Support forVitamin B6
  30. Associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and cognitive function among elderly individuals: An observational study.
    Chen Q; Huang J; Shi X; Peng Y; Chen A; Huang L; Zhang Y; Chen X · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2025
    Cross-sectional study2,716 participantsCognitive Support forVitamin B6
  31. Lower water-soluble vitamins and higher homocysteine are associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
    Zhang C; Hu Y; Cao X; Deng Y; Wang Y; Guan M; Wu X; Jiang H · Scientific reports · 2025
    Cohort study926 participantsCognitive Support forVitamin B6
  32. Associations of one-carbon metabolism, related B-vitamins and ApoE genotype with cognitive function in older adults: identification of a novel gene-nutrient interaction.
    Gordon S; Hoey L; McNulty H; Keenan J; Pangilinan F; Brody LC; Ward M; Strain JJ; McAnena L; McCann A; Molloy AM; Cunningham C; McCarroll K; Hughes CF · BMC medicine · 2025
    Observational study4,553 participantsCognitive Support forVitamin B6
  33. Oral acetyl-L-carnitine therapy reduces fatigue in overt hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
    Malaguarnera M; Vacante M; Giordano M; Pennisi G; Bella R; Rampello L; Malaguarnera M; Li Volti G; Galvano F · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2011
    Randomized trial121 participantsEnergy forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  34. The supplementation of acetyl-L-carnitine decreases fatigue and increases quality of life in patients with hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon-α 2b plus ribavirin.
    Malaguarnera M; Vacante M; Bertino G; Neri S; Malaguarnera M; Gargante MP; Motta M; Lupo L; Chisari G; Bruno CM; Pennisi G; Bella R · Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2012
    Randomized trial60 participantsEnergy forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  35. Acetyl-L-carnitine reduces depression and improves quality of life in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy.
    Malaguarnera M; Bella R; Vacante M; Giordano M; Malaguarnera G; Gargante MP; Motta M; Mistretta A; Rampello L; Pennisi G · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2011
    Randomized trial67 participantsEnergy forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  36. A prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.
    Sun Y; Shu Y; Liu B; Liu P; Wu C; Zheng R; Zhang X; Zhuang Z; Deng Y; Zheng L; Xu Q; Jiang B; Ouyang X; Gao J; Xu N; Li X; Jiang S; Liang C; Yao Y · Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020
    Randomized trial239 participantsEnergy forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  37. Metabolomic biomarkers for (R, S)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine in treatment-resistant depression and healthy controls: A systematic review.
    Kumar R; Nuñez NA; Joshi N; Joseph B; Verde A; Seshadri A; Cuellar Barboza AB; Prokop LJ; Medeiros GC; Singh B · Bipolar disorders · 2024
    Systematic reviewEnergy forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  38. Acetyl-L-Carnitine Supplementation During HCV Therapy With Pegylated Interferon-α 2b Plus Ribavirin: Effect on Work Performance; A Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Malaguarnera G; Pennisi M; Gagliano C; Vacante M; Malaguarnera M; Salomone S; Drago F; Bertino G; Caraci F; Nunnari G; Malaguarnera M · Hepatitis monthly · 2014
    Randomized trial62 participantsMental Focus Productivity Boost forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  39. [Psycho-functional changes in attention and learning under the action of L-acetylcarnitine in 17 young subjects. A pilot study of its use in mental deterioration].
    Lino A; Boccia MM; Rusconi AC; Bellomonte L; Cocuroccia B · La Clinica terapeutica · 1992
    Non-randomized trial17 participantsMental Focus forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  40. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a multi-site, placebo-controlled pilot trial.
    Arnold LE; Amato A; Bozzolo H; Hollway J; Cook A; Ramadan Y; Crowl L; Zhang D; Thompson S; Testa G; Kliewer V; Wigal T; McBurnett K; Manos M · Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2008
    Randomized trial112 participantsMental Focus forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  41. Acetyl-L-carnitine for patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
    Martí-Carvajal AJ; Gluud C; Arevalo-Rodriguez I; Martí-Amarista CE · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Meta-analysis398 participants5 studies pooledMental Focus forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  42. Vitamin B-6 supplementation in elderly men: effects on mood, memory, performance and mental effort.
    Deijen JB; van der Beek EJ; Orlebeke JF; van den Berg H · Psychopharmacology · 1995
    Randomized trial76 participantsMental Focus forVitamin B6
  43. The effect of vitamin B6 on cognition.
    Malouf R; Grimley Evans J · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2004
    Systematic review109 participants2 studies pooledMental Focus forVitamin B6
  44. Antiemetic use during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment: population-based birth cohort study.
    Cho Y; Choi EY; Han JY; Kim H; Choe YJ; Shin JY · BMC medicine · 2025
    Cohort study630,904 participantsMental Focus forVitamin B6
  45. A nutritional blend of taurine, vitamins B6, B9, and B12 improves motivated behaviors in healthy adults-a double-blinded randomized clinical trial.
    Anlacan VM; Jamora RDG; Krattinger LF; De Longis E; Hartweg M; Steinmann M; Trovò L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial44 participantsMental Focus Productivity Boost forVitamin B6
  46. B-Vitamin Therapy for Kidney Transplant Recipients Lowers Homocysteine and Improves Selective Cognitive Outcomes in the Randomized FAVORIT Ancillary Cognitive Trial
    Tammy M Scott, Graham Rogers, Daniel E Weiner, Kathryn Livingston, Jacob Selhub, Paul F Jacques, Irwin H Rosenberg, Aron M Troen · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease · 2017
    Randomized trial584 participantsMental Focus forVitamin B6
  47. Low Bioavailability and High TMAO Production: Novel Insights Into Acetylcarnitine and Carnitine Metabolism.
    Krims-Davis K; Ozola M; Razzivina V; Gukalova B; Konrade I; Dambrova M; Liepinsh E · Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025
    Randomized trialMetabolism Boost forAcetyl L-Carnitine
  48. Plasma vitamin B6 vitamers before and after oral vitamin B6 treatment: a randomized placebo-controlled study.
    Bor MV; Refsum H; Bisp MR; Bleie Ø; Schneede J; Nordrehaug JE; Ueland PM; Nygard OK; Nexø E · Clinical chemistry · 2003
    Randomized trial90 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  49. Dietary one-carbon metabolism nutrients and risk of MASLD progression: a prospective cohort study.
    Shen L; Wang K; Li R; Li Y; Guo Y; Li F; Yuan J; Yang Z; Xia B; Lin X · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
    Cohort study46,800 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  50. Associations of Vitamin B6 Intake and Plasma Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate with Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in US Older Adults: Findings from NHANES 2003-2004.
    Kim H; Enrione EB; Narayanan V; Li T; Campa A · Nutrients · 2022
    Cross-sectional study461 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
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    Adams PW; Wynn V; Folkard J; Seed M · Lancet (London, England) · 1976
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    Rose DP; Leklem JE; Brown RR; Linkswiler HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1975
    Clinical trialMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
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    Cohort studyProductivity Boost forVitamin B6
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