Vitamin B6

Description

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is a vital water-soluble vitamin involved in over 100 enzyme reactions, primarily related to protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism. It plays a crucial role in amino acid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis, helping the body convert food into energy. Beyond its metabolic functions, Vitamin B6 is essential for brain development and function, contributing to the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, which regulate mood and cognitive processes. It also supports immune function and the formation of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Adequate intake of Vitamin B6 is important for maintaining nervous system health, reducing homocysteine levels (a risk factor for heart disease), and may help alleviate symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and nausea during pregnancy.

Sources
ChickpeasSalmonChicken breastPotatoesBananasFortified cerealsPorkTurkeyBeef liverSweet potatoesSpinachCarrots
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Timing & Intake
AnytimeWith foodTake with Other B vitamins, Magnesium, or Zinc for synergistic benefits.
Best taken with food to prevent potential stomach discomfort and enhance absorption.
Daily Intake
RDA (Men)1 mg
RDA (Women)1 mg
RDI2 mg
Optimal Dosage
Minimum10 mg
Maximum25 mg
Safety & Toxicity
Upper Limit (UL)100 mg
Toxicity Threshold200 mg
Toxicity Effectsensory neuropathy
Goals
Brain Health
Brain Health
Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:10–50 mg
Vitamin B6 is required for over 100 enzyme reactions in the body, including the critical final step in synthesizing important neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and GABA. Adequate B6 levels are essential for maintaining proper neurological function, emotional balance, and cognitive processing.
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Cognitive Support
Cognitive Support
Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:1.3–50 mg
Vitamin B6 is essential for converting precursor amino acids into the neurotransmitters that regulate mood, focus, and arousal. It also works with B12 and Folate to maintain healthy homocysteine levels, protecting against neurotoxicity and supporting long-term brain health.
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Detoxification
Detoxification
Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:10–100 mg
Vitamin B6 (along with Folate and B12) is required for homocysteine metabolism, a process linked to both methylation and the production of cysteine for glutathione. Adequate B6 ensures these vital liver pathways run efficiently to neutralize hormones and toxins.
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Mental Focus
Mental Focus
Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:10–50 mg
Vitamin B6 (as P-5-P) is required for the conversion of amino acid precursors (like L-Tyrosine) into neurotransmitters that govern alertness, motivation, and concentration. Without adequate B6, the brain cannot efficiently produce these essential chemicals, leading to impaired focus and mental fatigue.
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Metabolism Boost
Metabolism Boost
Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:1.7–50 mg
Vitamin B6, in its active P-5-P form, is a critical cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions, including the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose for energy (glycogenolysis) and the metabolism of amino acids. Ensuring adequate B6 is foundational for efficient energy conversion from stored fuels and dietary protein.
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Product stats
Price per product
Average$26.72
Median$23.08
Price per serving
Average$0.56
Median$0.42
Price per 10 mg
Average$0.13
Median$0.08
Price distribution
Price per serving distribution
Price per 10 mg
Reference amount: 10 mg
Forms
Paired ingredients
Ingredient forms
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (734)75
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (PN HCl) is a synthetic, water-soluble form of Vitamin B6 that is widely used in supplements. It requires enzymatic conversion in the liver to its active coenzyme form, Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (P-5-P), before it can be utilized by the body for its metabolic functions.
Pros
  • Widely available and cost-effective
  • Stable and well-researched for general B6 deficiency
  • Effective for raising B6 levels in the body
Cons
  • Requires metabolic conversion to its active form (P-5-P)
  • High doses, particularly long-term, may lead to peripheral neuropathy
  • Potential for drug interactions
Per product
Avg$29.27
Med$24.13
Per serving
Avg$0.66
Med$0.51
Per 10 mg
Avg$0.38
Med$0.22
Price distribution
Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (240)90
Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate is the complete chemical name for Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (P-5-P), the biologically active and most important coenzyme form of Vitamin B6 in the human body. It is critical for over 100 enzymatic reactions, especially those involved in amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis, acting directly without needing conversion.
Pros
  • Highly bioavailable and directly active form
  • Does not require liver conversion
  • Supports a wide range of critical bodily functions directly
Cons
  • Generally more expensive than pyridoxine hydrochloride
  • Less common in basic, low-cost supplements
Per product
Avg$40.98
Med$34.06
Per serving
Avg$0.99
Med$0.82
Per 10 mg
Avg$0.56
Med$0.24
Price distribution
Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (8)90
Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate is the complete chemical name for Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (P-5-P), the biologically active and most important coenzyme form of Vitamin B6 in the human body. It is critical for over 100 enzymatic reactions, especially those involved in amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis, acting directly without needing conversion.
Pros
  • Highly bioavailable and directly active form
  • Does not require liver conversion
  • Supports a wide range of critical bodily functions directly
Cons
  • Generally more expensive than pyridoxine hydrochloride
  • Less common in basic, low-cost supplements
Per product
Avg$42.83
Med$42.19
Per serving
Avg$0.97
Med$0.94
Per 1 mg
Avg$0.15
Med$0.15
Price distribution
Pyridoxine 5-Phosphate (8)80
Pyridoxine 5-Phosphate (PNP) is a phosphorylated derivative of pyridoxine. While closer to the active coenzyme form (P-5-P) than pyridoxine hydrochloride, it still typically requires an additional enzymatic oxidation step to be fully converted into Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate to exert its complete range of coenzyme functions in the body.
Pros
  • Potentially more efficiently converted to P-5-P than non-phosphorylated pyridoxine
  • May offer some advantages in individuals with impaired phosphorylation capacity
  • More direct than Pyridoxine HCl
Cons
  • Still requires an enzymatic conversion step to P-5-P
  • Less directly active and generally more expensive than P-5-P
  • Less commonly studied as a direct supplement form compared to PN HCl or P-5-P
Per product
Avg$24.23
Med$25.14
Per serving
Avg$0.80
Med$0.83
Per 10 mg
Avg$0.49
Med$0.50
Price distribution
Pyridoxine (7)75
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (PN HCl) is a synthetic, water-soluble form of Vitamin B6 that is widely used in supplements. It requires enzymatic conversion in the liver to its active coenzyme form, Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (P-5-P), before it can be utilized by the body for its metabolic functions.
Pros
  • Widely available and cost-effective
  • Stable and well-researched for general B6 deficiency
  • Effective for raising B6 levels in the body
Cons
  • Requires metabolic conversion to its active form (P-5-P)
  • High doses, particularly long-term, may lead to peripheral neuropathy
  • Potential for drug interactions
Per product
Avg$13.11
Med$12.58
Per serving
Avg$0.75
Med$0.77
Per 10 mg
Avg$0.36
Med$0.33
Price distribution
Pyridoxine Alpha-Ketoglutarate Hydrochloride (7)70
Pyridoxine Alpha-Ketoglutarate Hydrochloride is a salt combining pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), an intermediate of the Krebs cycle. It is sometimes marketed for its potential roles in nitrogen metabolism, ammonia detoxification, and supporting athletic performance, alongside general B6 benefits.
Pros
  • Combines B6 benefits with potential additional advantages of AKG
  • AKG may support energy metabolism and ammonia detoxification
  • Could be beneficial in contexts requiring high protein metabolism
Cons
  • Less common and more specialized form, limited specific research compared to other B6 forms
  • Potentially more expensive
  • Still requires conversion of pyridoxine to active P-5-P
Per product
Avg$27.63
Med$26.24
Per serving
Avg$0.60
Med$0.57
Per 100 mg
Avg$0.39
Med$0.38
Price distribution
P-5-P (4)90
P-5-P is the common abbreviation for Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate, which is the direct, biologically active coenzyme form of Vitamin B6. It plays a critical role in over 100 enzymatic reactions throughout the body, including those essential for amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and glucose regulation, without requiring metabolic conversion.
Pros
  • Highly bioavailable and directly active form
  • Does not require liver conversion
  • Supports a wide range of critical bodily functions directly
Cons
  • Generally more expensive than pyridoxine hydrochloride
  • Less common in basic, low-cost supplements
Per product
Avg$38.66
Med$37.31
Per serving
Avg$0.97
Med$0.84
Per 10 mg
Avg$0.15
Med$0.15
Price distribution