Betaine Anhydrous

Description

Betaine Anhydrous, chemically known as Trimethylglycine (TMG), is an amino acid derivative naturally found in certain foods. Its primary functions in the body involve acting as a methyl donor, meaning it contributes methyl groups (CH3) to other molecules, and as an osmolyte, which helps cells maintain proper hydration and volume. This dual role is fundamental for various metabolic processes, including the critical methionine cycle. One of Betaine's most significant roles is in the metabolism of homocysteine. It facilitates the re-methylation of homocysteine back into methionine, an essential amino acid. By lowering elevated homocysteine levels, Betaine Anhydrous contributes to cardiovascular health. Beyond this, it supports healthy liver function, aids in detoxification processes, and has been investigated for its potential to enhance physical performance by improving muscle strength and power output. Through its methyl-donating capabilities, Betaine Anhydrous is indirectly involved in the synthesis of numerous important compounds, including S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), which is vital for mood regulation, cellular repair, and immune function. Its osmolyte properties also contribute to maintaining cellular integrity and function, making it a versatile compound with broad physiological benefits.

Sources
Beets (especially sugar beets)SpinachQuinoaSeafood (e.g., shrimp)Wheat branBroccoliGrains
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Optimal Dosage
Minimum1000 mg
Maximum4000 mg
Safety & Toxicity
Toxicity Threshold8000 mg
Toxicity EffectNausea, stomach upset, diarrhea
Goals
Detoxification
Detoxification
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:500–3000 mg
Betaine (trimethylglycine or TMG) supports the methylation cycle by donating a methyl group to recycle homocysteine into methionine. This provides robust support for SAMe production and conserves the body's folate and B12 pools, enhancing overall methylation capacity.
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Fitness
Fitness
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:1250–2500 mg
Betaine, or trimethylglycine (TMG), acts as both a methyl donor and an osmolyte. As an osmolyte, it helps protect cells from stress by maintaining hydration, and as a methyl donor it may support creatine synthesis, contributing to observed increases in strength and power.
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Weight Gain
Weight Gain
Impact
Moderate effect
Typical dose:1.5–5 g
Betaine acts as an osmolyte, protecting cells from stress and helping maintain hydration. It also functions as a methyl donor, which may support endogenous creatine production and other metabolic processes. Research has shown it can significantly improve performance in exercises like the bench press and squat, allowing for more total volume to be lifted.
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Digestive Health
Digestive Health
Impact
Situational effect
Typical dose:500–2000 mg
Often supplemented as Betaine HCl, it helps increase gastric acidity. Sufficient stomach acid is crucial for activating pepsin to digest protein, sterilizing food, and signaling downstream digestive processes. This is particularly useful for relieving symptoms of hypochlorhydria.
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Muscle Gain
Muscle Gain
Impact
Situational effect
Typical dose:1.25–2.5 g
Its mechanisms may involve enhancing endogenous creatine synthesis and protecting cells from stress. While not as impactful as primary ergogenics, it can provide an additional edge in performance.
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Price per product
Average$50.51
Median$48.50
Price per serving
Average$1.82
Median$1.59
Price distribution
Price per serving distribution
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Paired ingredients