Training Ground PRE Orange Mango

Training Ground PRE Orange Mango

EFX Sports4.6 (17 ratings)
Format:Powder Quantity: 17 Liquid(s) · 20 servings
Goals
$34.99 $1.74 per serving

Product analysis

43 out of 100

Training Ground PRE Orange Mango may help with workout alertness and short-term exercise performance. It is expensive for the creatine, tyrosine and caffeine it provides.

AI assessment of the formula, label and price. How scoring works

Nutrient Quality22

Most ingredient forms are unspecified, making it hard to compare their quality with other workout supplements. Naming beta-alanine alone does not resolve that uncertainty for the rest of the blend.

Ingredient Transparency66

The ingredient amounts are clearly shown, so serving sizes can be compared. Most forms are missing, which makes it harder to check exactly which preparations are included.

Value For Money25

The blend is expensive for several of its key workout ingredients, particularly creatine, tyrosine and caffeine. Value for the remaining ingredients is less certain.

Customer Satisfaction68

Customer ratings are favorable. The small number of ratings limits how broadly they reflect buyers’ experiences.

Product Focus58

The clearest purpose is workout performance and short-term alertness, despite a much wider range of possible uses. Several exercise benefits depend on continued use, and the caffeine amount may cause jitteriness or anxiety.

Format
Powder
Container
17 Liquid(s)
Per serving
$1.74
Customer rating
4.6 · 17 ratings
Report analysis

Goals

Fitness
Impact
High effect
B- Ingredient FitA+ PathwaysB- EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Creatine · 1500 mgBeta-Alanine · 1200 mgCaffeine · 300 mg

Caffeine can support acute exercise performance, most consistently endurance, by affecting central drive and perceived fatigue; strength and sprint responses vary. Citrulline has mixed evidence for selected cycling and repetition outcomes, with preparation differences limiting transfer. Beta-alanine contributes toward repeated loading for short high-intensity efforts; a single serving does not establish that regimen. Creatine supports repeated high-intensity exercise when the declared monohydrate amount and sustained intake match the evidence.

How this product is rated for Fitness

Ingredient fit72

Lower, uncertain or unavailable amounts limit the contribution compared with the saved exercise-study references.
Goal fit
The formula combines exercise-related ingredients with ingredients serving other purposes.
Dose adequacy
Lower, uncertain or unavailable amounts limit the contribution compared with the saved exercise-study references.

Pathways100

The strongest saved connection is central drive and fatigue perception.
Depth
The strongest saved connection is central drive and fatigue perception.
Breadth
The saved findings cover muscle energy and buffering, central drive and fatigue perception, blood flow and nitric oxide.

Evidence73

Caffeine provides the strongest saved contribution, subject to its nutritional, exercise and population limits.
Evidence strength
Caffeine provides the strongest saved contribution, subject to its nutritional, exercise and population limits.
Studied preparation
Only part of the counted formula matches accepted studied preparations, limiting transfer of findings.

Formulation logic100

All counted ingredients reach the saved minimum amount threshold, which is not proof of clinical effectiveness.
Partner coverage
The counted ingredients do not require an additional partner for the saved contribution; a combined benefit is not established.
Conflicts
No configured formulation conflict was identified.
Effective doses
All counted ingredients reach the saved minimum amount threshold, which is not proof of clinical effectiveness.
Study evidence
Caffeine Supportive 255 studies
Citrulline Supportive 45 studies
Creatine Supportive 143 studies
Taurine Supportive 21 studies
Mental Focus
Impact
High effect
C- Ingredient FitB+ PathwaysB EvidenceA Formulation Logic
Creatine · 1500 mgCaffeine · 300 mg

Caffeine can improve short-term vigilance and sustained attention. The 300 mg serving exceeds the amount at which the saved comparison stops giving extra amount credit and carries a jitteriness and anxiety concern. Tyrosine has conditional and inconsistent cognitive-control findings, while repeated-use creatine findings do not establish immediate focus improvement.

How this product is rated for Mental Focus

Ingredient fit58

Caffeine provides a main focus-related ingredient finding. Amounts and the wider formula limit the alignment.
Goal fit
Relevant focus ingredients are part of a formula with broader purposes.
Dose adequacy
The counted amounts partly align with the saved reference ranges; several provide less than the reference exposure.

Pathways80

The strongest recorded connection concerns adenosine-blocking alertness. Alertness and a second attention-related route reach the saved coverage threshold.
Depth
The strongest recorded connection concerns adenosine-blocking alertness.
Breadth
Alertness and a second attention-related route reach the saved coverage threshold.

Evidence79

Caffeine leads the saved evidence finding. Clinical outcomes remain limited to the populations and tasks studied.
Evidence strength
Caffeine leads the saved evidence finding, with the population and measured outcomes limiting expectations.
Studied preparation
The counted material is recognized in the saved preparation finding; this does not establish identical clinical outcomes.

Formulation logic93

No unmet partner requirement is recorded; this does not establish extra benefit from combining ingredients. The 300 mg caffeine serving triggers a jitteriness and anxiety concern without extra amount credit.
Partner coverage
No unmet partner requirement is recorded; this does not establish extra benefit from combining ingredients.
Conflicts
The 300 mg caffeine serving triggers a jitteriness and anxiety concern without extra amount credit.
Effective doses
The counted ingredients clear the saved amount threshold; that threshold does not establish a proven focus dose.
Study evidence
Caffeine Supportive 128 studies
Creatine Supportive 13 studies
Energy
Impact
High effect
C Ingredient FitC PathwaysA EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Caffeine · 300 mgCreatine · 1500 mg

Caffeine provides the clearest immediate contribution by increasing alertness and reducing sleepiness; 300 mg per serving receives no added alertness contribution above the saved plateau. Beta-alanine has a narrower role in high-intensity exercise after repeated supplementation, which one serving cannot reproduce. Citrulline malate has mixed evidence for strength endurance. The creatine preparation does not match the studied monohydrate material, and tyrosine does not establish routine vitality.

How this product is rated for Energy

Ingredient fit62

Caffeine is the clearest match for acute alertness; other ingredients address narrower exercise applications. The formula's amounts contribute at differing levels.
Goal fit
Caffeine is the clearest match for acute alertness; other ingredients address narrower exercise applications.
Dose adequacy
Caffeine reaches the saved plateau; beta-alanine, citrulline malate and unidentified creatine make smaller amount contributions.

Pathways60

Caffeine drives alertness; the smaller exercise-related contributions do not reach the same coverage.
Depth
Alertness is the strongest contribution, driven by caffeine.
Breadth
Only alertness reaches the saved coverage requirement; exercise-related coverage is smaller.

Evidence93

Caffeine supplies the leading saved evidence contribution. Its relevant population and use conditions limit expectations.
Evidence strength
Caffeine supplies the leading evidence contribution, with its specific nutritional, population or exercise limitations.
Studied preparation
Creatine and tyrosine do not meet the studied-preparation check; other retained ingredients meet it.

Formulation logic100

The retained contributors need no missing partner under the supplied checks. No configured conflict was found.
Partner coverage
The retained contributors can contribute without an additional partner under the supplied checks; no extra combination benefit is established.
Conflicts
No configured conflict was found; the supplied checks do not evaluate every possible interaction.
Effective doses
Every retained contributor reaches the saved minimum amount condition; this does not establish an effective fatigue-treatment or exercise regimen.
Study evidence
Caffeine Supportive 68 studies
Creatine Supportive 49 studies
Weight Gain
Impact
Moderate effect
B- Ingredient FitB- PathwaysD+ EvidenceA- Formulation Logic
Creatine · 1500 mgCaffeine · 300 mgBeta-Alanine · 1200 mg

Creatine at 1.5 g may support muscle energy and body mass alongside resistance training, although early weight change can include water. Betaine at 2.6 g is close to the studied daily exposure, but lean-mass findings are mixed; citrulline and beta-alanine relate more to training performance than direct weight gain. Caffeine at 300 mg triggers the saved concerns for weight gain and its combination with creatine.

How this product is rated for Weight Gain

Ingredient fit71

The formula includes several ingredients serving exercise or other purposes alongside weight-gain support. The relevant amounts give a substantial match to the saved comparison amounts.
Goal fit
The formula includes several ingredients serving exercise or other purposes alongside weight-gain support.
Dose adequacy
The relevant amounts give a substantial match to the saved comparison amounts.

Pathways74

The strongest assessed connection is training work capacity and recovery, with meaningful contribution. The meaningful contributions span muscle energy and training capacity.
Depth
The strongest assessed connection is training work capacity and recovery, with meaningful contribution.
Breadth
The meaningful contributions span muscle energy and training capacity.

Evidence50

Betaine Anhydrous provides the leading relevant evidence, with uncertainty around sustained mass gain. Preparation matching is incomplete; Creatine, Taurine remain unmatched.
Evidence strength
Betaine Anhydrous provides the leading relevant evidence, with uncertainty around sustained mass gain.
Studied preparation
Preparation matching is incomplete; Creatine, Taurine remain unmatched.

Formulation logic86

The assessed ingredients can contribute on their own or have their required partner. Caffeine at 300 mg triggers the saved weight-gain concern and the additional concern for its combination with creatine. 5 of 5 assessed ingredients meet the saved minimum amount threshold
Partner coverage
The assessed ingredients can contribute on their own or have their required partner.
Conflicts
Caffeine at 300 mg triggers the saved weight-gain concern and the additional concern for its combination with creatine.
Effective doses
5 of 5 assessed ingredients meet the saved minimum amount threshold
Study evidence
Caffeine Adverse 11 studies
Creatine Supportive 87 studies
Taurine No effect 7 studies
Brain Health
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Ingredient FitD- PathwaysD+ EvidenceA Formulation Logic
Creatine · 1500 mg

The 300 mg caffeine amount offers an acute alertness contribution and triggers the saved concern for caffeine above 200 mg per serving. Tyrosine at 1500 mg relates mainly to acute stress or sleep-loss performance. The 1500 mg buffered-creatine preparation has a limited comparison with the higher monohydrate exposure used in the supplied memory research.

How this product is rated for Brain Health

Ingredient fit51

The saved findings identify 2 relevant ingredients and 7 other active ingredients (Agmatine, Beta-Alanine, Betaine, Citrulline malate, Glycerol, Glycine, Taurine). The saved findings show partial alignment of disclosed amounts with the comparison amounts.
Goal fit
The saved findings identify 2 relevant ingredients and 7 other active ingredients (Agmatine, Beta-Alanine, Betaine, Citrulline malate, Glycerol, Glycine, Taurine).
Dose adequacy
The saved findings show partial alignment of disclosed amounts with the comparison amounts.

Pathways42

The strongest identified area is Monoamine neurotransmitter synthesis. 1 of 3 areas reach the saved coverage threshold: Monoamine neurotransmitter synthesis.
Depth
The strongest identified area is Monoamine neurotransmitter synthesis.
Breadth
1 of 3 areas reach the saved coverage threshold: Monoamine neurotransmitter synthesis.

Evidence52

Tyrosine provides the strongest eligible evidence contribution in the saved findings. The saved findings show a partial match to studied preparations; Creatine. remains unmatched.
Evidence strength
Tyrosine provides the strongest eligible evidence contribution in the saved findings.
Studied preparation
The saved findings show a partial match to studied preparations; Creatine. remains unmatched.

Formulation logic93

The assessed ingredients can work alone or have their identified partner present. The saved findings flag caffeine above 200 mg per serving as a formulation concern. 2 of 2 assessed ingredients reach the saved minimum comparison amount.
Partner coverage
The assessed ingredients can work alone or have their identified partner present.
Conflicts
The saved findings flag caffeine above 200 mg per serving as a formulation concern.
Effective doses
2 of 2 assessed ingredients reach the saved minimum comparison amount.
Study evidence
Creatine Supportive 35 studies
Tyrosine Supportive 7 studies
Muscle Gain
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Ingredient FitB+ PathwaysB- EvidenceA Formulation Logic
Creatine · 1500 mgCaffeine · 300 mgBeta-Alanine · 1200 mg

Creatine has a meaningful connection to muscle energy and resistance-training adaptation, but the declared preparation cannot be assumed equivalent to the studied monohydrate. Betaine anhydrous has limited, inconsistent training evidence, with some favorable body-composition findings and a later trial finding no added hypertrophy. Caffeine can improve acute strength, power or endurance, but this does not establish sustained muscle-mass gain. The creatine and high-caffeine combination also triggers the supplied formulation concern.

How this product is rated for Muscle Gain

Ingredient fit81

The formula’s recognized ingredients mainly concern training performance; their amount findings do not establish added muscle growth.
Goal fit
Other actives and uses reduce the formula’s muscle-gain focus; recognition of training ingredients does not establish chronic hypertrophy.
Dose adequacy
The declared amounts only partly match the saved comparisons, with lower amounts or unresolved quantities limiting the finding.

Pathways80

The strongest saved connection concerns training work capacity and recovery. Performance or hydration changes alone do not establish muscle growth.
Depth
The strongest saved connection concerns training work capacity and recovery. Performance or hydration changes alone do not establish muscle growth.
Breadth
The saved findings cover muscle energy and training work capacity; they do not establish protein provision or hormonal effects.

Evidence75

The saved evidence finding includes performance ingredients whose supplied context does not establish sustained hypertrophy.
Evidence strength
Caffeine leads the saved evidence finding, but acute performance evidence cannot establish sustained hypertrophy.
Studied preparation
Only some recognized ingredients meet the saved preparation check; other forms or ingredients do not directly reproduce the relevant research.

Formulation logic93

The amounts meet the saved threshold and partner checks, but creatine with high caffeine triggers a formulation concern.
Partner coverage
The recognized ingredients meet the saved partner checks; this does not establish an extra benefit from combining them.
Conflicts
Creatine combined with high caffeine triggers the supplied formulation concern; the finding does not quantify a reduction in muscle gain.
Effective doses
The recognized ingredients reach the saved amount threshold, which is a comparison policy rather than proof of an effective hypertrophy dose.
Study evidence
Caffeine Supportive 31 studies
Creatine Supportive 136 studies
Taurine Not classified

No linked studies yet.

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per servingScore
Citrulline Malate
6500 mg
Trimethylglycine
2600 mg
Hydromax Glycerol Complex
2500 mg
Taurine
2000 mg 57
L-Glycine
2000 mg 36
Kre-Alkalyn
1500 mg 62
L-Tyrosine
1500 mg 70
CarnoSyn (Beta-Alanine)
1200 mg
Agmatine Sulfate
750 mg
Caffeine
300 mg 55
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Tyrosine · 1500 mg OverallScore70
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value
Each serving provides 1500 mg of L-tyrosine in a clearly disclosed amount. At the whole-product price, that works out to about $1.17 per gram of L-tyrosine.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability70

The ingredient is identified as L-tyrosine. The saved details do not provide specific sourcing, purity or testing information for the tyrosine.
Tyrosine Chemical Form
The ingredient is identified as L-tyrosine.
Purity and Sourcing Signals
The saved details do not provide specific sourcing, purity or testing information for the tyrosine.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency100

The amount is individually disclosed as 1500 mg of L-tyrosine per serving.
Tyrosine Dosage Adequacy
Each serving provides 1500 mg of L-tyrosine.
Label Transparency and Blends
The 1500 mg L-tyrosine amount is individually disclosed per serving.

Value10

At the whole-product price, that works out to about $1.17 per gram of L-tyrosine.
Price per Gram of Tyrosine
At the whole-product price, that works out to about $1.17 per gram of L-tyrosine.
Glycine · 2000 mg OverallScore36
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value
Each serving provides 2000 mg of glycine. The whole-product price works out to about $0.87 per gram of glycine.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability0

The saved facts do not document a source-grade, purity certification, or GMP claim.
Glycine Sourcing and Purity Standards
The saved facts do not document a source-grade, purity certification, or GMP claim.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency74

The glycine amount is separately disclosed at 2000 mg per serving. The saved facts also flag an additive in a specified artificial-ingredient category.
Clinically Relevant Dosage
A serving contains 2000 mg of glycine.
Label Transparency and Yield Disclosure
The glycine amount is individually disclosed.
Clean Label and Excipient Quality
The saved facts flag an additive in the artificial color, sweetener, preservative or hydrogenated oil category, but do not identify which one.

Value30

The whole-product price works out to about $0.87 per gram of glycine.
Cost Efficiency per 1,000mg of Glycine
At the whole-product price, one gram of glycine corresponds to about $0.87.
Creatine · 1500 mg OverallScore62
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value
+3
The serving provides 1.5 g of creatine recorded as a concentrated form. The specific form is not identified in the available facts, and the whole-product price is about $1.75 per 1.5 g of creatine.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability74

A concentrated creatine form is recorded, but its precise identity is unavailable. An evaluated additive is also flagged.
Creatine Form & Evidence Base
The facts indicate a concentrated creatine form, but do not identify the specific form.
Additive Quality
The saved additive flag indicates at least one evaluated additive, but does not identify which one.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency76

The serving provides 1.5 g of creatine; no manufacturing-practices or third-party certification claim is recorded.
Clinical Dosage Adequacy
The serving provides 1.5 g of creatine.
Label Transparency & Third-Party Testing
The 1.5 g creatine amount is recorded, but no manufacturing-practices or third-party certification claim is recorded in the available facts.

Value10

The whole-product price works out to about $1.75 per 1.5 g of creatine, a high cost in this comparison.
Price per Effective Dose
The whole-product price works out to about $1.75 per 1.5 g of creatine, a high cost in this comparison.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial.
    Rae C; Digney AL; McEwan SR; Bates TC · Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2003
    Randomized trial45 participantsBrain Health forCreatine
  2. Creatine in Huntington disease is safe, tolerable, bioavailable in brain and reduces serum 8OH2'dG.
    Hersch SM; Gevorkian S; Marder K; Moskowitz C; Feigin A; Cox M; Como P; Zimmerman C; Lin M; Zhang L; Ulug AM; Beal MF; Matson W; Bogdanov M; Ebbel E; Zaleta A; Kaneko Y; Jenkins B; Hevelone N; Zhang H; Yu H; Schoenfeld D; Ferrante R; Rosas HD · Neurology · 2006
    Randomized trial64 participantsBrain Health forCreatine
  3. Creatine supplementation and cognitive performance in elderly individuals.
    McMorris T; Mielcarz G; Harris RC; Swain JP; Howard A · Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2008
    Randomized trial32 participantsBrain Health Productivity Boost forCreatine
  4. Effects of high-load, velocity-intentional variable resistance training combined with creatine supplementation on neuroplasticity, oxidative stress, inflammation, physical function, cognitive performance and quality of life in older adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Fernandez-Garrido J; Martin EG; Saez-Berlanga A; Gargallo-Bayo P; Gene-Morales J; Alix-Fages C; Jiménez-Martínez P; Caballero O; Salvador-Palmer R; Colado JC · Experimental gerontology · 2026
    Randomized trial103 participantsBrain Health Everyday Health forCreatine
  5. Single-Dose Creatine Reduces Sleep Deprivation-Induced Deterioration in Cognitive Performance.
    Gordji-Nejad A; Matusch A; Hengstler L; Beer S; Kroll T; Klein S; Elmenhorst D; Bauer A; Drzezga A · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial29 participantsBrain Health forCreatine
  6. Combined L-carnosine and L-tyrosine supplementation as an ergogenic strategy for physical and cognitive performance under fatigue in professional football players.
    Bilgin S; Bozyılan E; Buzdağlı Y; Karaç Öcal Y; Gürkan O; Toktaş S; İnan H; Egil İ; Yarayan YE · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial24 participantsBrain Health forTyrosine
  7. Effect of tyrosine supplementation on clinical and healthy populations under stress or cognitive demands--A review.
    Jongkees BJ; Hommel B; Kühn S; Colzato LS · Journal of psychiatric research · 2016
    Narrative reviewBrain Health forTyrosine
  8. Influence of nutritional tyrosine on cognition and functional connectivity in healthy old humans.
    Hensel C; Becker M; Düzel S; Demuth I; Norman K; Steinhagen-Thiessen E; Gallinat J; Lindenberger U; Kühn S · NeuroImage · 2019
    Cross-sectional study286 participantsBrain Health forTyrosine
  9. Dietary Tyrosine Intake (FFQ) Is Associated with Locus Coeruleus, Attention and Grey Matter Maintenance: An MRI Structural Study on 398 Healthy Individuals of the Berlin Aging Study-II.
    Plini ERG; Melnychuk MC; Harkin A; Dahl MJ; McAuslan M; Kühn S; Boyle RT; Whelan R; Andrews R; Düzel S; Drewelies J; Wagner GG; Lindenberger U; Norman K; Robertson IH; Dockree PM · The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2023
    Cross-sectional study398 participantsBrain Health forTyrosine
  10. Baseline-dependent effect of dopamine's precursor L-tyrosine on working memory gating but not updating.
    Jongkees BJ · Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2021
    Randomized trial45 participantsBrain Health forTyrosine
  11. Taurine Supplementation Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Vascular Function in Prehypertension: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Sun Q; Wang B; Li Y; Sun F; Li P; Xia W; Zhou X; Li Q; Wang X; Chen J; Zeng X; Zhao Z; He H; Liu D; Zhu Z · Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2016
    Randomized trial120 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  12. Taurine ameliorates blood pressure and vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Li Y; Wang Q; Liu Y; Li Q; Xia W; Lin S; Yang Q; Scholze A; Zhao Z; He H; Zhang H; Yan Z; Tepel M; Mu H; Zhu Z; Liu D · iScience · 2025
    Randomized trial165 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  13. Taurine reduces the risk for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Tzang CC; Chi LY; Lin LH; Lin TY; Chang KV; Wu WT; Özçakar L · Nutrition & diabetes · 2024
    Meta-analysis1,024 participants25 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  14. Effects of Oral Taurine Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.
    Nie Z; Liu Y; Zhang M; Wu C; Cao Q; Xu J; Zheng Y; Min Z; Zhang W; Han S · Nutrition reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis34 studies pooledCardiovascular Support Everyday Health forTaurine
  15. The effects of taurine supplementation on glycemic control and serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Maleki V; Alizadeh M; Esmaeili F; Mahdavi R · Amino acids · 2021
    Randomized trial45 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  16. Cognitive and mood improvements of caffeine in habitual consumers and habitual non-consumers of caffeine.
    Haskell CF; Kennedy DO; Wesnes KA; Scholey AB · Psychopharmacology · 2005
    Randomized trial48 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  17. Caffeine-containing energy drink improves physical performance of elite rugby players during a simulated match.
    Del Coso J; Ramírez JA; Muñoz G; Portillo J; Gonzalez-Millán C; Muñoz V; Barbero-Álvarez JC; Muñoz-Guerra J · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 2016
    Randomized trial26 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  18. Differential cognitive effects of energy drink ingredients: caffeine, taurine, and glucose.
    Giles GE; Mahoney CR; Brunyé TT; Gardony AL; Taylor HA; Kanarek RB · Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2013
    Randomized trial48 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  19. Does Single or Combined Caffeine and Taurine Supplementation Improve Athletic and Cognitive Performance without Affecting Fatigue Level in Elite Boxers? A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Ozan M; Buzdagli Y; Eyipinar CD; Baygutalp NK; Yüce N; Oget F; Kan E; Baygutalp F · Nutrients · 2022
    Randomized trial20 participantsEnergy forCaffeine
  20. Trait Energy and Fatigue Modify the Effects of Caffeine on Mood, Cognitive and Fine-Motor Task Performance: A Post-Hoc Study.
    Fuller DT; Smith ML; Boolani A · Nutrients · 2021
    Randomized trialEnergy forCaffeine