Product Image

Ener-C Lemon Lime

Pauling Labs
4.6
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(2002 ratings)
Iodine 150 mcg
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C 1000 mg
Potassium 200 mg
Vitamin E 15 IU
Product Image
Score75
A convenient buffered vitamin C packet with modest supporting nutrients, but it is not a strong electrolyte or multivitamin formula. Incomplete form disclosure and added carbohydrate limit its appeal.
How scoring works
Quantity:30 Packet(s) • (29 servings)
Goals:
Immunity
Skin Health
Anti-Inflammatory Support
General Health
Energy

Score 75

A convenient buffered vitamin C packet with modest supporting nutrients, but it is not a strong electrolyte or multivitamin formula. Incomplete form disclosure and added carbohydrate limit its appeal.
How scoring works

Also available as

2 options
Orange 8.67 Gram(s) • 30 Packet(s) • 29 servings $16.64 ($0.57 per serving) Raspberry 9.28 Gram(s) • 30 Packet(s) • 29 servings $16.64 ($0.57 per serving)
$12.19($0.42 per serving)
iHerb
$ 16.64
iHerb
$ 12.19
Amazon
$ 16.68
Vitacost
$ 18.33
Pure Formulas
$ 19.69
Report prices

Analysis

Buffered mineral ascorbates deliver substantial vitamin C in a convenient drink packet. Vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, iodine, B vitamins, magnesium, and potassium add useful but mostly modest support.

Potassium and magnesium amounts are too small for focused electrolyte replacement. The label also does not identify the individual mineral ascorbates or several mineral forms, which limits assessment of absorption and tolerance.

The formula fits people who want a flavored vitamin C drink more than those seeking comprehensive nutrition. Five grams of carbohydrate per packet and several basic vitamin forms are meaningful trade-offs for daily use.

Who is it for
  • Adults wanting a flavored vitamin C drink
  • People who prefer single-serve packets
  • Users seeking light vitamin and mineral support
Best for
  • Buffered vitamin C intake
  • Travel-friendly drink preparation
  • Situational antioxidant support

Pros

  • Provides 1,000 mg of buffered vitamin C
  • Includes zinc, iodine, magnesium, and potassium
  • Single-serving packets are easy to carry

Cons

  • Most supporting nutrients are modestly dosed
  • Individual mineral ascorbates are not identified
  • Each packet supplies 5 g of carbohydrate

Warnings

  • The 1,000 mg vitamin C amount may cause loose stools or stomach discomfort in sensitive users.
  • The packet contains preformed vitamin A, so total intake matters when combining it with other vitamin A supplements.
  • Its added potassium may require attention for people with kidney impairment or those using potassium-raising medicines.

Nutrient quality

75 High impact

A substantial vitamin C dose anchors the formula, while many supporting nutrient forms remain unspecified. Most amounts are moderate and aligned with broad daily-health use.

.

Ingredient transparency

73 High impact

Active amounts are clearly listed without a hidden blend. Incomplete use directions and missing inactive-ingredient details limit full label transparency.

.

Customer satisfaction

69 High impact

The supplied average rating is strong. The large review count makes the rating relatively reliable.

.

Value for money

82 Highest impact

A substantial core dose and modest serving cost support good value. The focused nutrient list avoids most costly low-value extras.

.
Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Magnesium · 60 mgVitamin C · 1000 mgZinc · 5 mgVitamin A · 2500 IU

A substantial vitamin C amount provides the clearest immune-related benefit. Vitamin A, vitamin E, and zinc add modest complementary support.

The formula is focused enough for situational antioxidant and nutrient support. Missing zinc-form detail and the modest zinc amount limit confidence beyond the disclosed vitamin C.

Study evidence
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 21 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB CoverageA- Formula Quality
Zinc · 5 mgVitamin C · 1000 mgVitamin E · 15 IU

A substantial vitamin C amount provides a key cofactor for collagen synthesis and antioxidant defense. Vitamin A, vitamin E, and a small zinc amount add limited complementary skin support.

The formula does not supply collagen peptides, ceramides, hyaluronic acid, or omega-3 barrier lipids. Its focused nutrient profile is coherent, though the exact mineral-ascorbate composition and zinc form are not fully described.

Study evidence
Vitamin A Supportive 106 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 38 studies
Zinc Supportive 66 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
C+ Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportC- CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin E · 15 IUVitamin C · 1000 mg

A high amount of buffered vitamin C provides focused antioxidant support that may help limit oxidative signaling linked to inflammation. The remaining vitamins and minerals add little anti-inflammatory depth.

The mineral ascorbate blend may be gentler than plain ascorbic acid, but its individual carriers are not disclosed. The formula is best viewed as a focused vitamin C drink rather than broad inflammatory-pathway support.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC+ CoverageB- Formula Quality
Folate · 40 mcgVitamin B12 · 25 mcgMagnesium · 60 mgZinc · 5 mgVitamin C · 1000 mg

A full gram of buffered vitamin C provides substantial antioxidant and nutritional support. Several B vitamins, zinc, iodine, magnesium, and potassium broaden the formula, although most appear in modest amounts.

The packet is strongest as focused vitamin C support rather than a complete daily foundation. Five grams of carbohydrate and undisclosed mineral carriers reduce the formula quality and transparency.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Energy
Energy
Impact
High effect
C+ Goal FitC- Strength of SupportC CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Iodine · 150 mcgVitamin B5 · 2.5 mgMagnesium · 60 mgVitamin B12 · 25 mcgPotassium · 200 mg

B vitamins, vitamin C, iodine, and electrolytes provide practical support for normal energy metabolism and hydration. The drink format is convenient, but it does not provide a strong acute-performance or adaptogen component.

Useful maintenance amounts are disclosed, while unspecified iodine and potassium forms make absorption quality harder to judge. The formula is coherent for light daily support rather than a high-potency energy intervention.

Study evidence
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Potassium Supportive 2 studies
Vision Support
Vision Support
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitC Strength of SupportC- CoverageC Formula Quality
Zinc · 5 mgVitamin E · 15 IUVitamin C · 1000 mgVitamin A · 2500 IU

A large buffered vitamin C amount, vitamin A, vitamin E, and zinc provide general antioxidant and visual-function support. The drink packet does not contain lutein, zeaxanthin, DHA, or a clinically structured eye formula.

Vitamin C is substantial, while vitamin E and zinc are low and vitamin A is supplied mainly as preformed acetate. The dry drink format also lacks fat to support vitamin A and vitamin E absorption.

Study evidence
Vitamin A Supportive 65 studies
Vitamin C Disputed 24 studies
Vitamin E Disputed 35 studies
Zinc Supportive 39 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
25 {Calories}
Total Carbohydrates
5 Gram(s)
Vitamin C (Mineral Ascorbate mix)
 1000 mg
Vitamin A (Vitamin A Acetate)
 2500 IU
Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate)
 15 IU
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
 5 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
 2 mg
Folate
40 mcg
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
 25 mcg
Pantothenic Acid
2.5 mg
Calcium
50 NP
Phosphorus
38 mg
Iodine
150 mcg
Magnesium
60 mg
Zinc
5 mg
Manganese
0.5 mg
Chromium
12 mcg
Potassium
200 mg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Iodine · 150 mcg OverallScore72
D- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB+ Value

The iodine dose is suitable for daily maintenance and clearly disclosed, but its chemical form and source are absent. Missing source information limits confidence in absorption and purity. The single-packet format is practical and the serving cost offers good value.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin A (Vitamin A Acetate) · 2500 IU OverallScore69
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB- Value

Retinyl acetate is the only vitamin A form, so the body has less control over conversion than with carotenoids. The dry drink powder supplies no lipid carrier and should be taken with food containing fat. Its modest dose is appropriate, while the broader nutrient packet supports acceptable value.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin C (Mineral Ascorbate mix) · 1000 mg OverallScore68
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

A buffered mineral ascorbate blend supplies a well-targeted amount of vitamin C and should be gentler on the stomach than plain ascorbic acid. The packet format adds substantial carbohydrate and does not disclose which mineral ascorbates make up the blend. Value is modest because the convenient drink format costs more per gram than many standard buffered products.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
84 Performance

Wonder-C Orange Tangerine

Codeage Nanofood
<p>A more targeted antioxidant and immune profile pairs 1,000 mg of vitamin C with vitamin D3, natural d-alpha vitamin E, zinc bisglycinate, rose hip, and quercetin. Compared with the original, the zinc and vitamin E forms are more clearly characterized, but the high vitamin D amount and hidden liposomal blend warrant caution.</p>
81 Performance

Immune+ Raspberry

Emergen-C
<p>Adding 25 mcg of vitamin D3 and 10 mg of zinc to 1,000 mg of vitamin C gives the formula more direct immune-focused coverage than the original. A 500 mg proprietary complex and the higher carbohydrate amount weaken transparency, so the advantage is goal focus rather than label clarity.</p>
72 Performance

Premium Adult Multi-Vitamin Mineral

Tropical Oasis
<p>Natural d-alpha vitamin E and methylcobalamin improve two nutrient forms, while folate, biotin, vitamin D, and a wider B-vitamin panel support broad nutrition. Vitamin C falls to 60 mg and a hidden herbal blend limits assessment, so it is a better fit only when multivitamin breadth matters more than a high-dose vitamin C drink.</p>
84 Budget

Buffered Vitamin C Powder

Life Extension
<p>A much lower serving cost provides a concentrated vitamin C option with 4,000 mg of ascorbic acid and 365 mg of potassium. Compared with the original, the very large vitamin C amount may cause stomach upset, and vitamins A and E, iodine, and the B vitamins are absent.</p>
55 Budget

Poly-Vi-Sol

Enfamil
<p>A lower serving cost provides a basic panel of vitamins A, C, D, E, and several B vitamins. The supplied label lists only 35 mg of vitamin C, gives no chemical forms, and describes a pediatric product, so it is not a like-for-like adult substitute and only fits when the intended age group matches.</p>
91 Budget

Ener-C Tangerine Grapefruit

Pauling Labs
<p>A lower serving cost preserves the same 1,000 mg mineral ascorbate mix and the same vitamins A and E, iodine, zinc, and potassium profile. Missing inactive ingredients and complete directions remain limitations, but little formula breadth is sacrificed for the savings.</p>
89 Value

Lemon Lime

Pauling Labs
<p>Near-identical ingredients and a matched or lower serving cost make this an efficient substitute without changing the core 1,000 mg mineral ascorbate mix. Vitamins A and E, iodine, zinc, and potassium remain included, although inactive ingredients and full directions are still missing.</p>
78 Value

1000 mg Vitamin C Raspberry

Emergen-C
<p>A similar serving cost retains 1,000 mg of vitamin C and 200 mg of potassium while naming several mineral forms more clearly. The broader B-vitamin mix improves label detail, but higher carbohydrates and the absence of vitamins A and E plus iodine are meaningful trade-offs.</p>
66 Value

Energy +

Noor Vitamins
<p>Broad vitamins and minerals provide useful general-nutrition value, with calcium ascorbate, two vitamin A sources, iodine, selenium, and a wide B-vitamin panel. The much smaller vitamin C amount, synthetic vitamin E, oxide minerals, and hidden herbal blend make it less suitable for focused vitamin C use.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  2. Serum vitamin C and spinal pain: a nationwide study.
    Dionne CE; Laurin D; Desrosiers T; Abdous B; Le Sage N; Frenette J; Mondor M; Pelletier S · Pain · 2017
    Cross-sectional study4,742 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  3. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  4. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  5. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  6. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  7. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  8. Association of radioactive iodine treatment with survivorship symptoms and primary care utilisation in women of reproductive age with thyroid cancer: a retrospective cohort study.
    Devanarayan P; Hartman M; Partin M · Family medicine and community health · 2026
    Cohort study10,882 participantsEnergy forIodine
  9. Energy level and fatigue after surgery for thyroid cancer: A population-based study of patient-reported outcomes.
    Hughes DT; Reyes-Gastelum D; Kovatch KJ; Hamilton AS; Ward KC; Haymart MR · Surgery · 2020
    Cohort study2,584 participantsEnergy forIodine
  10. Health-Related Quality of Life in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study From Turkey.
    Gültekin A; Kahraman MY; Şengöz T; Şimşek FS · Head & neck · 2026
    Cross-sectional study202 participantsEnergy forIodine
  11. [Efficacy of potassium N-acetylaminosuccinate (Cogitum) in the treatment of asthenic syndrome: results of double-blind placebo-controlled trial].
    Esin RG; Khayrullin IK; Esin OR; Fatykhova AF; Gismatullina EI; Isaeva YN · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2023
    Randomized trial37 participantsEnergy forPotassium
  12. Human resting energy expenditure in relation to dietary potassium.
    Dériaz O; Thériault G; Lavallée N; Fournier G; Nadeau A; Bouchard C · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial8 participantsEnergy forPotassium
  13. Perioperative systemic magnesium to minimize postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    De Oliveira GS; Castro-Alves LJ; Khan JH; McCarthy RJ · Anesthesiology · 2013
    Meta-analysis1,257 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forMagnesium
  14. Long-term outcome after intravenous magnesium sulphate in suspected acute myocardial infarction: the second Leicester Intravenous Magnesium Intervention Trial (LIMIT-2).
    Woods KL; Fletcher S · Lancet (London, England) · 1994
    Randomized trial2,316 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  15. Association of magnesium sulfate use with mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.
    Gu WJ; Duan XJ; Liu XZ; Cen Y; Tao LY; Lyu J; Yin HY · British journal of anaesthesia · 2023
    Cohort study10,999 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  16. Hypomagnesemia and Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis Patients.
    Li L; Streja E; Rhee CM; Mehrotra R; Soohoo M; Brunelli SM; Kovesdy CP; Kalantar-Zadeh K · American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2016
    Cohort study9,359 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  17. The effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.
    Jaripur M; Ghasemi-Tehrani H; Askari G; Gholizadeh-Moghaddam M; Clark CCT; Rouhani MH · Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022
    Randomized trial64 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  18. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  19. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  20. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  21. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  22. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  23. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  24. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  25. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  26. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  27. Depressed immune response to tetanus in children with vitamin A deficiency.
    Semba RD; Muhilal; Scott AL; Natadisastra G; Wirasasmita S; Mele L; Ridwan E; West KP; Sommer A · The Journal of nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial236 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  28. Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants.
    Roy SK; Islam A; Molla A; Akramuzzaman SM; Jahan F; Fuchs G · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1997
    Randomized trial50 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  29. Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
    Coutsoudis A; Broughton M; Coovadia HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  30. Vitamin A supplementation enhances specific IgG antibody levels and total lymphocyte numbers while improving morbidity in measles.
    Coutsoudis A; Kiepiela P; Coovadia HM; Broughton M · The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 1992
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  31. Vitamin A supplementation reduces the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 intestinal immune response of Mexican children.
    Long KZ; Santos JI; Estrada Garcia T; Haas M; Firestone M; Bhagwat J; Dupont HL; Hertzmark E; Rosado JL; Nanthakumar NN · The Journal of nutrition · 2006
    Randomized trial127 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  32. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  33. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  34. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  35. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  36. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  37. Vitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly subjects.
    Meydani SN; Barklund MP; Liu S; Meydani M; Miller RA; Cannon JG; Morrow FD; Rocklin R; Blumberg JB · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1990
    Randomized trial32 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  38. Immunomodulatory effects of palm-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction in healthy volunteers following influenza vaccination: A randomised clinical trial.
    Chen S; Ahmad B; Palanisamy UD; Hafid SRA; Selvaduray KR; Radhakrishnan AK · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
    Randomized trial150 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  39. Effects of supplementation with tocotrienol-rich fraction on immune response to tetanus toxoid immunization in normal healthy volunteers.
    Mahalingam D; Radhakrishnan AK; Amom Z; Ibrahim N; Nesaretnam K · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2011
    Randomized trialImmunity forVitamin E
  40. Vitamin E and beta-carotene supplementation and hospital-treated pneumonia incidence in male smokers.
    Hemilä H; Virtamo J; Albanes D; Kaprio J · Chest · 2004
    Randomized trial29,133 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  41. Vitamin E supplementation and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects. A randomized controlled trial.
    Meydani SN; Meydani M; Blumberg JB; Leka LS; Siber G; Loszewski R; Thompson C; Pedrosa MC; Diamond RD; Stollar BD · JAMA · 1997
    Randomized trial88 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  42. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  43. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  44. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  45. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  46. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  47. Efficacy and Tolerability of Topical 0.1% Stabilized Bioactive Retinol for Photoaging: A Vehicle-Controlled Integrated Analysis.
    Farris P; Berson D; Bhatia N; Goldberg D; Lain E; Mariwalla K; Zeichner J; Miller D; McGuire T; Kizoulis M · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2024
    Meta-analysis471 participants6 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin A
  48. Tensile properties and contours of aging facial skin. A controlled double-blind comparative study of the effects of retinol, melibiose-lactose and their association.
    Piérard-Franchimont C; Castelli D; Cromphaut IV; Bertin C; Ries G; Cauwenbergh G; Piérard GE · Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2016
    Randomized trial120 participantsSkin Health forVitamin A
  49. Antiaging action of retinol: from molecular to clinical.
    Bellemère G; Stamatas GN; Bruère V; Bertin C; Issachar N; Oddos T · Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2009
    Randomized trial48 participantsSkin Health forVitamin A
  50. An Updated Review of Topical Tretinoin in Dermatology: From Acne and Photoaging to Skin Cancer.
    Balado-Simó P; Morgado-Carrasco D; Gómez-Armayones S; López-Ferrer A; Barco D; Ferrándiz-Pulido C; Podlipnik S · Journal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Narrative reviewSkin Health forVitamin A
  51. Novel Cyclized Hexapeptide-9 Outperforms Retinol Against Skin Aging: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Active- and Vehicle-Controlled Clinical Trial.
    Chang H; Tao K; Yang Y; Wang Y; Ge M; Wang X; Tang S; Yu H · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin A
  52. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  53. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  54. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  55. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  56. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  57. Randomized controlled trial using vitamins E and D supplementation in atopic dermatitis.
    Javanbakht MH; Keshavarz SA; Djalali M; Siassi F; Eshraghian MR; Firooz A; Seirafi H; Ehsani AH; Chamari M; Mirshafiey A · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2011
    Randomized trial45 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  58. Serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Yang G; Luo M; Lan Q; Shi X; Deng H; Wang N; Xu X; Zhang C · PloS one · 2022
    Meta-analysis20 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin E
  59. Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
    Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
    Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin E Skin Health forZinc
  60. Effects of tocotrienol on aging skin: A systematic review.
    Ghazali NI; Mohd Rais RZ; Makpol S; Chin KY; Yap WN; Goon JA · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Systematic reviewSkin Health forVitamin E
  61. Carotenoids and carotenoids plus vitamin E protect against ultraviolet light-induced erythema in humans.
    Stahl W; Heinrich U; Jungmann H; Sies H; Tronnier H · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin E
  62. Sex-related differences in response to zinc pyrithione shampoo vs. non-anti-dandruff shampoo.
    Collins LZ; Baines FL; Matheson JR; Turner GA; Diao Y; Li Y; Pi Y · International journal of cosmetic science · 2019
    Meta-analysis2,088 participants20 studies pooledSkin Health forZinc
  63. Maintenance of an Acidic Skin Surface with a Novel Zinc Lactobionate Emollient Preparation Improves Skin Barrier Function in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
    Andrew PV; Pinnock A; Poyner A; Brown K; Chittock J; Kay LJ; Cork MJ; Danby SG · Dermatology and therapy · 2024
    Cohort study23 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  64. Spatial expression of metallothionein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and Ki-67 in human epidermal wounds treated with zinc and determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry: A randomised double-blind trial.
    Ågren MS; Chafranska L; Eriksen JO; Forman JL; Bjerrum MJ; Schjerling P; Larsen HF; Cottarelli E; Jorgensen LN; Gjerdrum LMR · European journal of cell biology · 2021
    Randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  65. A pilot trial using topical regular crystalline insulin vs. aqueous zinc solution for uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing: Impact on quality of life.
    Attia EA; Belal DM; El Samahy MH; El Hamamsy MH · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2014
    Randomized trial90 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  66. A randomized trial of vitamin A and vitamin E supplementation for retinitis pigmentosa.
    Berson EL; Rosner B; Sandberg MA; Hayes KC; Nicholson BW; Weigel-DiFranco C; Willett W · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1993
    Randomized trial601 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  67. Efficacy and safety of retinol palmitate ophthalmic solution in the treatment of dry eye: a Japanese Phase II clinical trial.
    Toshida H; Funaki T; Ono K; Tabuchi N; Watanabe S; Seki T; Otake H; Kato T; Ebihara N; Murakami A · Drug design, development and therapy · 2018
    Randomized trial66 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  68. Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age.
    Imdad A; Mayo-Wilson E; Haykal MR; Regan A; Sidhu J; Smith A; Bhutta ZA · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Meta-analysis1,223,856 participants47 studies pooledVision Support forVitamin A
  69. Vitamin A supplementation improves retinal function in infants at risk of retinopathy of prematurity.
    Mactier H; McCulloch DL; Hamilton R; Galloway P; Bradnam MS; Young D; Lavy T; Farrell L; Weaver LT · The Journal of pediatrics · 2012
    Randomized trial89 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  70. Effect of short-term, high-dose retinol on dark adaptation in aging and early age-related maculopathy.
    Owsley C; McGwin G; Jackson GR; Heimburger DC; Piyathilake CJ; Klein R; White MF; Kallies K · Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2006
    Randomized trial104 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  71. Role of Oral Vitamin 'C' on Astigmatic Errors in Phacoemulsification.
    Mohan S; Sah K; Khattri M; Ahmad L; Sachan SK · Current eye research · 2021
    Randomized trial400 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  72. Ascorbic acid metabolites are involved in intraocular pressure control in the general population.
    Hysi PG; Khawaja AP; Menni C; Tamraz B; Wareham N; Khaw KT; Foster PJ; Benet LZ; Spector TD; Hammond CJ · Redox biology · 2019
    Observational studyVision Support forVitamin C
  73. Nutritional modulation of cataract.
    Weikel KA; Garber C; Baburins A; Taylor A · Nutrition reviews · 2014
    Narrative reviewVision Support forVitamin C
  74. Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C, and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan.
    Aoki A; Inoue M; Nguyen E; Obata R; Kadonosono K; Shinkai S; Hashimoto H; Sasaki S; Yanagi Y · Scientific reports · 2017
    Case-control study530 participantsVision Support forVitamin C Vision Support forVitamin E
  75. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, lifestyle and age-related macular degeneration: the Coimbra Eye Study - report 3.
    Raimundo M; Mira F; Cachulo MDL; Barreto P; Ribeiro L; Farinha C; Laíns I; Nunes S; Alves D; Figueira J; Merle BM; Delcourt C; Santos L; Silva R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2019
    Case-control study883 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  76. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
    Meta-analysis55,614 participants4 studies pooledVision Support forVitamin E
  77. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study.
    Christen WG; Liu S; Glynn RJ; Gaziano JM; Buring JE · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2008
    Cohort study35,551 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  78. Long-term nutrient intake and 5-year change in nuclear lens opacities.
    Jacques PF; Taylor A; Moeller S; Hankinson SE; Rogers G; Tung W; Ludovico J; Willett WC; Chylack LT · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2005
    Cohort study408 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  79. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of age-related macular degeneration.
    van Leeuwen R; Boekhoorn S; Vingerling JR; Witteman JC; Klaver CC; Hofman A; de Jong PT · JAMA · 2005
    Cohort study4,765 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  80. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2002
    Systematic review170 participants7 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  81. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Meta-analysis3,790 participants5 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  82. Oral zinc in macular degeneration.
    Newsome DA; Swartz M; Leone NC; Elston RC; Miller E · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1988
    Randomized trial151 participantsVision Support forZinc
  83. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.
    Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2001
    Randomized trial3,640 participantsVision Support forZinc
  84. Effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on the nutriture of children in Northeast Thailand.
    Udomkesmalee E; Dhanamitta S; Sirisinha S; Charoenkiatkul S; Tuntipopipat S; Banjong O; Rojroongwasinkul N; Kramer TR; Smith JC · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial133 participantsVision Support forZinc