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Ginkgo Smart

Irwin Naturals
4.6
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(2381 ratings)
Deanol 40 mg
Choline 30 mg
Ginkgo
Omega-3 180 mg
Fish Oil 600 mg
Product Image
Score63
Meaningful ginkgo provides a credible cognitive foundation, but most supporting ingredients are too small or poorly characterized to add much depth.
How scoring works
Quantity:60 Liquid(s) • (30 servings)
Goals:
Brain Health
Cognitive Support
Productivity Boost
Mental Focus

Score 63

Meaningful ginkgo provides a credible cognitive foundation, but most supporting ingredients are too small or poorly characterized to add much depth.
How scoring works

Also available as

1 option
120 servings 2 Liquid Softgel(s) • 120 Softgel(s) • 60 servings $34.94 ($0.58 per serving)
$14.99($0.49 per serving)
iHerb
$ 19.99
Pure Formulas
$ 19.99
Amazon
$ 14.99
Vitacost
$ 19.99
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Analysis

Ginkgo is the main reason to consider the formula because the extract amount is meaningful and its key marker amounts are listed. Added leaf powder increases total ginkgo content, though its active-marker contribution is not clear.

Fish oil, choline, acetyl-L-carnitine, DMAE, and alpha-lipoic acid broaden the cognitive pathways on paper. Their amounts are small, while EPA, DHA, active DMAE yield, and several botanical standardizations are not disclosed.

The liquid-softgel style suits a non-stimulant cognitive routine led by ginkgo. It is much less convincing for focused omega-3, choline, vision, or cardiovascular use because the relevant doses and details are limited.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking non-stimulant cognitive support
  • People comfortable with a ginkgo-led combination formula
  • Users who prefer softgel-style delivery
Best for
  • Ginkgo-centered brain support
  • Circulation-related mental clarity
  • Broad but modest cognitive ingredient coverage

Pros

  • Ginkgo extract reaches a useful amount
  • Flavone glycosides and terpene lactones are disclosed
  • Multiple cognitive pathways are represented
  • No stimulant is needed for the main effect

Cons

  • EPA and DHA are not listed separately
  • Choline and acetyl-L-carnitine are very modest
  • Active DMAE yield is not disclosed
  • Fish-oil form and purity details are missing

Warnings

  • Ginkgo may increase bleeding risk with anticoagulant medicines such as warfarin
  • Ginkgo may add to bleeding risk from antiplatelet medicines such as clopidogrel or daily aspirin
  • The added fish oil may further increase bleeding concern in sensitive users

Nutrient quality

70 High impact

Standardized ginkgo provides the strongest ingredient and dose evidence. Modest supporting actives and an unquantified clubmoss active make the broad formula shallow and partly uncertain.

.

Ingredient transparency

56 Moderate impact

Several core amounts and ginkgo markers are clear. Missing omega-fat breakdown, clubmoss activity, directions, excipients, and clean ingredient mapping leave substantial gaps.

.

Customer satisfaction

69 High impact

The aggregate satisfaction signal is strong and supported by extensive volume. Missing review details prevent assessment of recurring tolerance complaints or cognitive experience.

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Value for money

59 Moderate impact

Standardized ginkgo and fish oil provide fair value at a moderate serving cost. Numerous low-dose additions and incomplete active-yield disclosure keep focused alternatives competitive.

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Report analysis

Goals

Brain Health
Brain Health
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportC+ CoverageC+ Formula Quality

Ginkgo extract at 120 mg is paired with stated flavone glycoside and terpene lactone amounts that match a commonly used standardized profile. Fish oil, choline, acetyl L-carnitine, and alpha-lipoic acid add secondary pathways, but most are too small or incompletely characterized for strong independent effects.

The formula offers credible circulation-focused cognitive support with modest breadth beyond ginkgo. Ginkgo may increase bleeding risk with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines, and the added fish oil could add to that concern in sensitive users.

Study evidence
Ginkgo Supportive 90 studies
Cognitive Support
Cognitive Support
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportB CoverageB- Formula Quality
Choline · 30 mg

Ginkgo provides a direct circulation and memory pathway, with choline, DMAE, and acetyl-L-carnitine adding neurotransmitter and mitochondrial support. The liquid softgel format suits several companion lipids and botanicals.

Choline, DMAE, and acetyl-L-carnitine are modest, and ginkgo standardization is not clearly stated. The formula is well aimed at cognition but relies heavily on one botanical for most of its depth.

Study evidence
Choline Supportive 76 studies
Deanol No effect 2 studies
Ginkgo Supportive 87 studies
Productivity Boost
Productivity Boost
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC- Strength of SupportB- CoverageB- Formula Quality
Omega-3 · 180 mg

Ginkgo extract targets cerebral circulation and is paired with small amounts of choline, acetyl-L-carnitine, and omega-3s. The blend offers a plausible non-stimulant route to clarity, led mainly by ginkgo.

Ginkgo reaches a useful amount but lacks marker standardization, while the supporting actives are far below targeted doses. Ginkgo with fish oil may increase bleeding concern for people using anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines.

Study evidence
Ginkgo Supportive 20 studies
Ginkgo Supportive 12 studies
Omega-3 Supportive 46 studies
Mental Focus
Mental Focus
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitC- Strength of SupportC CoverageB- Formula Quality
Choline · 30 mg

A clinically relevant ginkgo extract amount gives the formula a plausible foundation for circulation-related cognitive support. Extra leaf powder broadens the total ginkgo content, but missing active-marker percentages prevent confirmation of standardized potency.

Choline, DMAE, and acetyl-L-carnitine are present at amounts too small to add much depth. Ginkgo may increase bleeding risk when combined with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines.

Study evidence
Choline Supportive 22 studies
Ginkgo Supportive 28 studies
Vision Support
Vision Support
Impact
Moderate effect
D- Goal FitD Strength of SupportD+ CoverageC+ Formula Quality

Ginkgo and a small omega-3 amount provide limited circulation and structural support for the eye. The lipid softgel may help delivery.

Ginkgo standardization is missing and the omega-3 amount and EPA-to-DHA split are not disclosed. It lacks lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, and core antioxidant vitamins.

Study evidence
Ginkgo Supportive 11 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
15 Calorie(s)
Total Fat
1 Gram(s)
Cholesterol
5 mg
Protein
1 Gram(s)
Choline
30 mg
Fish Oil
600 mg
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
180 mg
Ginkgo, Powder
400 mg
Ginkgo Leaf Extract
120 mg
Flavone Glycosides
28.8 mg
Terpene Lactones
7.2 mg
Dimethylaminoethanol Bitartrate
40 mg
Trimethylglycine Hydrochloride
40 mg
Acetyl-L-Carnitine
25 mg
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
15 mg
Velvet Bean seed extract
10 mg
Toothed Clubmoss Leaf Extract
1 mg
BioPerine Complex
6 mg
BioPerine
0 NP
Ginger Rhizome Extract
0 NP
Adults 18–50 Women
Report overview
Deanol · 40 mg OverallScore58
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityD- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyC Value

DMAE bitartrate is clearly named, but the label omits the active Deanol yield. The listed salt amount supplies about 14.8 mg active Deanol, which is very low for focused supplementation. Two softgels are manageable, and the complex formula makes Deanol-only value difficult to judge.

View ingredientView products
Choline · 30 mg OverallScore55
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityD+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Choline bitartrate provides a clearly stated 30 mg dose, which is too low for meaningful standalone support. Two softgels make the serving reasonably practical, but the form is not designed for focused cognitive effects. The cost per delivered choline amount is high despite a serving cost near the collection median.

View ingredientView products
Ginkgo · 400 mg OverallScore48
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The standalone extract reaches an effective amount and is supplemented with leaf powder, but active-marker levels are not shown. The exact standalone amount is clear, but no qualifying ginkgolic acid purity assurance is supplied. Ginkgo may increase bleeding risk with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
62 Performance

Ginkgo Smart

Irwin Naturals
The larger softgel package preserves standardized ginkgo, fish oil, choline, and the same broad cognitive design while adding a clearly listed 40 mg acetyl-L-carnitine amount. Most supporting actives remain modest, EPA and DHA are not disclosed, and ginkgo may increase bleeding risk with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines.
72 Performance

Kids Formula and Fiber

SmartyPants
Active vitamin forms and soluble fiber create a well-constructed children’s formula with some choline and omega fats. Those cognitive nutrients remain small and the gummy is not an adult substitute for standardized ginkgo, so it should be used only for the labeled age group.
64 Performance

AREDS 2 Plus Multi-Vitamin

EyePromise
Meaningful lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamin D3, and natural vitamin E provide a focused alternative when vision support is the priority. Its omega-3 contribution is small and lacks separate EPA and DHA amounts, while it does not replace ginkgo or the original’s broader cognitive blend.
70 Budget

Fish Oil 1000 mg

Spring Valley
The triglyceride-form fish oil clearly states a combined EPA and DHA amount and costs much less per serving. Its omega-3 dose is modest and it omits ginkgo, choline, acetyl-L-carnitine, and the other cognitive ingredients.
65 Budget

Fish Oil 1200 mg

Nature's Bounty
The simple fish-oil formula provides inexpensive basic omega-3 support. EPA and DHA amounts, molecular form, source, purity, and oxidation protection are not disclosed, and it does not replace the original’s cognitive ingredients.
65 Budget

Fish Oil 1000 mg

Sundown
A low serving cost makes this a basic way to add fish oil. Its modest concentration and missing EPA, DHA, form, source, purity, and oxidation details limit confidence, while ginkgo and other focus-oriented actives are absent.
71 Value

Fish Oil 1200 mg

Nature's Bounty
Named small-fish sources and a long supply provide economical basic fish-oil support. EPA and DHA amounts, molecular form, oxidation protection, and purity evidence remain unclear, and no ginkgo or choline is included.
65 Value

Fish Oil 1200 mg

21st Century
The simple fish-oil formula offers basic omega-3 support at strong serving value. Its modest concentration and missing EPA, DHA, oil-form, source, and purity details make it a much narrower cognitive option.
71 Value

Kids Formula

SmartyPants
Favorable vitamin forms and modest omega fats and choline come at a low serving cost. The children’s gummy adds sugar and provides little targeted cognitive depth, so it is suitable only for its labeled age group.
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Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Efficacy and adverse effects of ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Tan MS; Yu JT; Tan CC; Wang HF; Meng XF; Wang C; Jiang T; Zhu XC; Tan L · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2015
    Meta-analysis2,561 participants9 studies pooledBrain Health Cognitive Support forGinkgo
  2. Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia.
    Wieland LS; Ludeman E; Chi Y; Feinberg TM; Chen IH; Chen KH; Zhu Y; Wolverson E; Amri H · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026
    Meta-analysis10,613 participants82 studies pooledBrain Health Cognitive Support forGinkgo
  3. Effects of choline alfoscerate on cognitive function and quality of life in type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Sohn M; Park YH; Lim S · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025
    Randomized trial36 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  4. Senile dementia: treatment with deanol.
    Ferris SH; Sathananthan G; Gershon S; Clark C · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1977
    Single-arm trial14 participantsCognitive Support forDeanol
  5. [Ginkgo extract in impaired vision--treatment with special extract EGb 761 of impaired vision due to dry senile macular degeneration].
    Fies P; Dienel A · Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2002
    Randomized trial99 participantsVision Support forGinkgo
  6. Efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in dementia with behavioural and psychological symptoms: A systematic review.
    von Gunten A; Schlaefke S; Überla K · The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry · 2017
    Meta-analysis1,628 participants4 studies pooledBrain Health Cognitive Support forGinkgo
  7. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 is safe and effective in the treatment of mild dementia - a meta-analysis of patient subgroups in randomised controlled trials.
    Riepe M; Hoerr R; Schlaefke S · The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry · 2025
    Meta-analysis782 participants4 studies pooledBrain Health Productivity Boost forGinkgo
  8. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® improves cognition and overall condition after ischemic stroke: Results from a pilot randomized trial.
    Cui M; You T; Zhao Y; Liu R; Guan Y; Liu J; Liu X; Wang X; Dong Q · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023
    Randomized trial201 participantsBrain Health Productivity Boost forGinkgo
  9. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in dementia with neuropsychiatric features: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of a daily dose of 240 mg.
    Herrschaft H; Nacu A; Likhachev S; Sholomov I; Hoerr R; Schlaefke S · Journal of psychiatric research · 2012
    Randomized trial410 participantsBrain Health forGinkgo
  10. Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    De Jesus Moreno Moreno M · Clinical therapeutics · 2003
    Randomized trial261 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  11. Association of dietary choline intake with incidence of dementia, Alzheimer disease, and mild cognitive impairment: a large population-based prospective cohort study.
    Niu YY; Yan HY; Zhong JF; Diao ZQ; Li J; Li CP; Chen LH; Huang WQ; Xu M; Xu ZT; Liang XF; Li ZH; Liu D · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025
    Cohort study125,594 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  12. Choline intake during pregnancy and child cognition at age 7 years.
    Boeke CE; Gillman MW; Hughes MD; Rifas-Shiman SL; Villamor E; Oken E · American journal of epidemiology · 2013
    Cohort study895 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  13. Maternal choline supplementation mitigates alcohol exposure effects on neonatal brain volumes.
    Warton FL; Molteno CD; Warton CMR; Wintermark P; Lindinger NM; Dodge NC; Zöllei L; van der Kouwe AJW; Carter RC; Jacobson JL; Jacobson SW; Meintjes EM · Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022
    Randomized trial52 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  14. Effects of dimethylaminoethanol pyroglutamate (DMAE p-Glu) against memory deficits induced by scopolamine: evidence from preclinical and clinical studies.
    Blin O; Audebert C; Pitel S; Kaladjian A; Casse-Perrot C; Zaim M; Micallef J; Tisne-Versailles J; Sokoloff P; Chopin P; Marien M · Psychopharmacology · 2010
    Randomized trial24 participantsCognitive Support forDeanol
  15. Efficacy of ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine on cognitive function in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a predefined exploratory analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial.
    Tian X; Xu Q; Xia X; Zhang Y; Meng X; Wang A · Journal of neurology · 2024
    Randomized trial3,163 participantsCognitive Support forGinkgo
  16. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of Ginkgo biloba for dementia. North American EGb Study Group.
    Le Bars PL; Katz MM; Berman N; Itil TM; Freedman AM; Schatzberg AF · JAMA · 1997
    Randomized trial309 participantsCognitive Support Productivity Boost forGinkgo
  17. Alleviating neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761. Findings from a randomized controlled trial.
    Bachinskaya N; Hoerr R; Ihl R · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2011
    Randomized trial410 participantsCognitive Support forGinkgo
  18. Efficacy and safety of a once-daily formulation of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in dementia with neuropsychiatric features: a randomized controlled trial.
    Ihl R; Bachinskaya N; Korczyn AD; Vakhapova V; Tribanek M; Hoerr R; Napryeyenko O; GOTADAY Study Group · International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2013
    Randomized trial410 participantsCognitive Support forGinkgo
  19. Four-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of choline for neurodevelopment in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
    Wozniak JR; Fink BA; Fuglestad AJ; Eckerle JK; Boys CJ; Sandness KE; Radke JP; Miller NC; Lindgren C; Brearley AM; Zeisel SH; Georgieff MK · Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2021
    Randomized trial31 participantsMental Focus forCholine
  20. The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort.
    Poly C; Massaro JM; Seshadri S; Wolf PA; Cho E; Krall E; Jacques PF; Au R · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012
    Cohort study1,391 participantsMental Focus forCholine
  21. Association between Maternal Choline, Fetal Brain Development, and Child Neurocognition: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Studies.
    Obeid R; Derbyshire E; Schön C · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022
    Meta-analysis30 studies pooledMental Focus forCholine
  22. Effect of Choline Supplementation on Neurological, Cognitive, and Behavioral Outcomes in Offspring Arising from Alcohol Exposure During Development: A Quantitative Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Studies.
    Akison LK; Kuo J; Reid N; Boyd RN; Moritz KM · Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019
    Systematic reviewMental Focus forCholine
  23. Perinatal choline effects on neonatal pathophysiology related to later schizophrenia risk.
    Ross RG; Hunter SK; McCarthy L; Beuler J; Hutchison AK; Wagner BD; Leonard S; Stevens KE; Freedman R · The American journal of psychiatry · 2013
    Randomized trialMental Focus forCholine
  24. Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 in the Treatment of Patients with Mild Neurocognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.
    Hort J; Duning T; Hoerr R · Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023
    Systematic review946 participants9 studies pooledMental Focus forGinkgo
  25. Proof of efficacy of the Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in outpatients suffering from mild to moderate primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type or multi-infarct dementia.
    Kanowski S; Herrmann WM; Stephan K; Wierich W; Hörr R · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2012
    Randomized trial216 participantsMental Focus forGinkgo
  26. Proof of efficacy of the ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in outpatients suffering from mild to moderate primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type or multi-infarct dementia.
    Kanowski S; Herrmann WM; Stephan K; Wierich W; Hörr R · Pharmacopsychiatry · 1996
    Randomized trial216 participantsMental Focus forGinkgo
  27. Ginkgo biloba extract improved cognitive and neurological functions of acute ischaemic stroke: a randomised controlled trial.
    Li S; Zhang X; Fang Q; Zhou J; Zhang M; Wang H; Chen Y; Xu B; Wu Y; Qian L; Xu Y · Stroke and vascular neurology · 2021
    Randomized trial348 participantsMental Focus forGinkgo
  28. Ginkgo biloba in the Aging Process: A Narrative Review.
    Barbalho SM; Direito R; Laurindo LF; Marton LT; Guiguer EL; Goulart RA; Tofano RJ; Carvalho ACA; Flato UAP; Capelluppi Tofano VA; Detregiachi CRP; Bueno PCS; Girio RSJ; Araújo AC · Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Narrative review14 studies pooledMental Focus forGinkgo
  29. [Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in the treatment of dementia: evidence of efficacy and tolerability].
    Kasper S; Schubert H · Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie · 2009
    Meta-analysis10 studies pooledProductivity Boost forGinkgo
  30. Dietary Flavonoids and Human Cognition: A Meta-Analysis.
    Cheng N; Bell L; Lamport DJ; Williams CM · Molecular nutrition & food research · 2022
    Meta-analysis5,519 participants80 studies pooledProductivity Boost forGinkgo
  31. Limited cognitive benefits in Stage +2 postmenopausal women after 6 weeks of treatment with Ginkgo biloba.
    Elsabagh S; Hartley DE; File SE · Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2005
    Randomized trial87 participantsProductivity Boost forGinkgo
  32. Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in mild cognitive impairment with neuropsychiatric symptoms: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-center trial.
    Gavrilova SI; Preuss UW; Wong JW; Hoerr R; Kaschel R; Bachinskaya N; GIMCIPlus Study Group · International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2015
    Randomized trial160 participantsProductivity Boost forGinkgo
  33. Modulation of cognitive performance following single doses of 120 mg Ginkgo biloba extract administered to healthy young volunteers.
    Kennedy DO; Jackson PA; Haskell CF; Scholey AB · Human psychopharmacology · 2008
    Randomized trial78 participantsProductivity Boost forGinkgo
  34. DHA supplementation improved both memory and reaction time in healthy young adults: a randomized controlled trial.
    Stonehouse W; Conlon CA; Podd J; Hill SR; Minihane AM; Haskell C; Kennedy D · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2013
    Randomized trial176 participantsProductivity Boost forOmega-3
  35. Effects of supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognitive performance and cardiometabolic risk markers in healthy 51 to 72 years old subjects: a randomized controlled cross-over study.
    Nilsson A; Radeborg K; Salo I; Björck I · Nutrition journal · 2013
    Randomized trial40 participantsProductivity Boost forOmega-3
  36. Supplementation with oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid, but not in docosahexaenoic acid, improves global cognitive function in healthy, young adults: results from randomized controlled trials.
    Patan MJ; Kennedy DO; Husberg C; Hustvedt SO; Calder PC; Khan J; Forster J; Jackson PA · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021
    Randomized trial310 participantsProductivity Boost forOmega-3
  37. Clinical significance of neuropsychological improvement after supplementation with omega-3 in 8-12 years old malnourished Mexican children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo and treatment clinical trial.
    Portillo-Reyes V; Pérez-García M; Loya-Méndez Y; Puente AE · Research in developmental disabilities · 2014
    Randomized trial59 participantsProductivity Boost forOmega-3
  38. Effects of seafood consumption and toenail mercury and selenium levels on cognitive function among American adults: 25 y of follow up.
    Mao X; Chen C; Xun P; Daviglus M; Steffen LM; Jacobs DR; Van Horn L; Sidney S; Zhu N; He K · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2020
    Cohort study3,231 participantsProductivity Boost forOmega-3
  39. Effect of Ginkgo biloba extracts in the prevention of posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery: A randomized clinical trial.
    Amiri AA; Jafari R; Amiri AA; Rad HA; Daneshvar F; Charati JY; Amiri AA · Oman journal of ophthalmology · 2025
    Randomized trial144 participantsVision Support forGinkgo
  40. Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on preexisting visual field damage in normal tension glaucoma.
    Quaranta L; Bettelli S; Uva MG; Semeraro F; Turano R; Gandolfo E · Ophthalmology · 2003
    Randomized trial27 participantsVision Support forGinkgo
  41. Short-term effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on peripapillary retinal blood flow in normal tension glaucoma.
    Park JW; Kwon HJ; Chung WS; Kim CY; Seong GJ · Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2012
    Randomized trial30 participantsVision Support forGinkgo
  42. [The course of color vision in early diabetic retinopathy treated with Ginkgo biloba extract. A preliminary double-blind versus placebo study].
    Lanthony P; Cosson JP · Journal francais d'ophtalmologie · 1989
    Randomized trial29 participantsVision Support forGinkgo