Gamma Linolenic Acid
Description
Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA) is a type of omega-6 fatty acid, specifically a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Unlike many other omega-6 fatty acids that can be pro-inflammatory, GLA is metabolized in the body into compounds like dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and then further into series-1 prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which generally have anti-inflammatory or neutral effects. This makes GLA unique among omega-6 fatty acids, as it can help to balance the body's inflammatory responses. GLA is not an essential fatty acid as the body can synthesize it from linoleic acid (LA), another omega-6 fatty acid. However, this conversion can be impaired by various factors such as aging, stress, certain nutrient deficiencies, and health conditions. Supplementation with preformed GLA can bypass these conversion limitations, making it readily available for the body's metabolic pathways. Its primary uses revolve around supporting healthy skin, including managing conditions like eczema and dry skin, and alleviating symptoms associated with hormonal fluctuations, such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and menopausal discomfort. GLA also shows promise in supporting nerve function and bone health, contributing to overall physiological well-being.
Sources
Evening Primrose OilBorage Seed OilBlack Currant Seed OilHemp Seed Oil
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Optimal Dosage
Minimum240 mg
Maximum360 mg
Safety & Toxicity
Goals
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:240–500 mg
Unlike other omega-6s, GLA (from sources like borage or evening primrose oil) uniquely converts into anti-inflammatory prostaglandins. This makes it highly effective for conditions characterized by inflammation and immune dysregulation, such as rheumatoid arthritis and eczema. Its targeted mechanism places it in the high-impact tier.
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Joint Health
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:500–1000 mg
Gamma Linolenic Acid (from sources like Borage or Evening Primrose oil) is converted into DGLA, a precursor to anti-inflammatory prostaglandins (PGE1). This helps to balance pro-inflammatory pathways and has shown significant benefit in reducing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Skin Health
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:240–500 mg
Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA), found in oils like borage and evening primrose, is converted into anti-inflammatory prostaglandins. It is highly effective for improving skin barrier integrity, increasing hydration, and reducing symptoms of inflammatory skin conditions like eczema and dermatitis.
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Interactions
Positive Interactions
Omega-3
GLA (an Omega-6) can work synergistically with Omega-3 fatty acids to help maintain a balanced inflammatory response in the body.
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
GLA complements EPA in modulating inflammatory pathways, contributing to overall anti-inflammatory effects.
DHA
Similar to EPA, DHA works alongside GLA to support a healthy balance of immune and inflammatory processes.
Vitamin E
As an antioxidant, Vitamin E can help protect polyunsaturated fatty acids like GLA from oxidative damage, ensuring its stability and efficacy.
Zinc
Zinc is a cofactor for enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, potentially supporting the beneficial conversion pathways of GLA in the body.
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 is a cofactor necessary for the proper metabolism of fatty acids, including the enzymatic conversion steps involving GLA.
Magnesium
Magnesium plays a role in enzyme activities related to lipid metabolism, which may indirectly support the optimal function of GLA.
Fish Oil
Fish Oil, rich in EPA and DHA, can synergize with GLA to promote a balanced inflammatory response and overall cardiovascular health.
Negative Interactions
Turmeric
Both GLA and Turmeric (Curcumin) possess anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties. Combining them might theoretically enhance these effects, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding in susceptible individuals, although this interaction is generally considered mild for typical supplement doses.
Curcumin
Curcumin shares some anti-inflammatory and mild anticoagulant properties with GLA. Concurrent use could potentially heighten these effects, leading to a slightly increased risk of bruising or bleeding, particularly at high doses or in sensitive individuals.
Ginkgo
Ginkgo is known for its blood-thinning effects. When combined with GLA, which also has mild antiplatelet activity, there could be an additive effect leading to an increased risk of bleeding, especially in individuals prone to such conditions.
Ginger
Ginger possesses antiplatelet properties. Combining it with GLA might enhance these effects, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding or bruising, particularly at higher supplemental doses.
Recommended products
RxOmega-3
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Gamma Linolenic Acid: 50 mg
A comprehensive blend of fish, flax, and primrose oils designed for broad fatty acid support.
PS-IQ Memory
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Gamma Linolenic Acid: 30 mg
A specialized memory support formula blending phospholipids with tuna and evening primrose oils.
Spirulina Natural Tablets
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Gamma Linolenic Acid: 30 mg
A pure, whole-food spirulina tablet that offers high levels of natural antioxidants and pigments for skin and eye health.
Spirulina Natural Tablets
Earthrise
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 30 mg
A bulk supply of nutrient-dense spirulina tablets providing natural carotenoids and chlorophyll for vision and skin resilience.
Hemp Oil
Manitoba Harvest
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 420 mg
A high-dose liquid hemp oil that offers a simple way to get essential fatty acids for skin and body support.
Organic Hemp Oil
Manitoba Harvest
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 420 mg
An organic, cold-pressed hemp oil that delivers a strong dose of omega fats for skin and metabolic health.
Triple Omega Complex 3-6-9
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Gamma Linolenic Acid: 70 mg
A low-cost, multi-source omega blend that provides broad lipid balance but low potency for specific fats.
Triple Omega Complex 3-6-9
21st Century
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 70 mg
An affordable multi-oil complex providing a broad spectrum of omega 3, 6, and 9 fatty acids.
Evening Primrose Oil
Barlean's
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 234 mg
A high-quality, cold-pressed evening primrose oil with a strong dose of essential fatty acids.
Mega GLA Sesame Lignans
Life Extension
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 400 mg
A potent borage oil supplement providing high-dose GLA and protective sesame lignans for skin health.
Omega 3-6-9 Complete Natural Lemon Flavored!
Country Life
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 152 mg
A balanced omega 3-6-9 complex that provides a wide spectrum of essential fatty acids.
Omega 3-6-9
Source Naturals
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 180 mg
A balanced omega 3-6-9 supplement that provides a wide range of fats with added Vitamin E for freshness.
Borage Oil
Barlean's
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 200 mg
A high-quality, cold-pressed borage oil providing a good dose of GLA and oleic acid for daily support.
Evening Primrose Oil
Barlean's
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 234 mg
A high-potency, cold-pressed evening primrose oil that provides excellent value for long-term lipid support.
Omega Plus
Thorne
Gamma Linolenic Acid: 40 mg
A high-quality blend of fish and borage oils for heart, skin, and hormonal support.
Product stats
Price per product
Average$22.11
Median$20.97
Price per serving
Average$0.44
Median$0.43
Price per 10 mg
Average$0.08
Median$0.04
Price distribution
Price per serving distribution
Price per 10 mg
Reference amount: 10 mg
Paired ingredients
Ingredient forms