Product Image

Sleep Nighttime Powder

youtheory
4.4
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(42 ratings)
Theanine 200 mg
Glycine 3000 mg
5-HTP 100 mg
Tryptophan 250 mg
Product Image
Score82
Well-dosed glycine and theanine anchor a coherent sleep powder, with serotonergic interactions and modest tryptophan as the main trade-offs.
How scoring works
Quantity:21 Packet(s) • (21 servings)
Goals:
Sleep Support
Stress Relief
Mood Support
Brain Health
Anti-Aging
Cognitive Support
Weight Loss
Detoxification

Score 82

Well-dosed glycine and theanine anchor a coherent sleep powder, with serotonergic interactions and modest tryptophan as the main trade-offs.
How scoring works
$13.15($0.62 per serving)
iHerb
$ 17.59
Pure Formulas
$ 23.09
Vitacost
$ 13.15
Report prices

Analysis

Three grams of glycine, 200 mg of theanine, magnesium citrate, and low-dose melatonin cover physical relaxation, sleep timing, and nighttime settling. Tryptophan and 5-HTP add serotonin-related support, creating broad but coherent bedtime coverage.

Every active amount is disclosed, with glycine and theanine reaching especially practical levels. Tryptophan is comparatively low, while sourcing and standardization are not provided for several amino acids.

Single-use packets are convenient for travel and consistent mixing. The strongly sleep-oriented formula is unsuitable for daytime focus, and 5-HTP plus tryptophan makes serotonergic medicine interactions especially important.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a comprehensive nighttime powder
  • Users wanting low-dose melatonin with amino acids
Best for
  • Multi-pathway sleep support
  • Nighttime relaxation and recovery

Pros

  • Three grams of glycine
  • Useful theanine and magnesium amounts
  • Low-dose melatonin

Cons

  • Tryptophan amount is modest
  • Generic source disclosure
  • Only twenty-one packets

Warnings

  • Do not combine 5-HTP and tryptophan with SSRIs, SNRIs, MAO inhibitors, tramadol, triptans, or other serotonergic medicines without medical guidance.
  • The combined sleep actives may cause next-day drowsiness; do not drive after use.
  • Magnesium citrate may loosen stools in sensitive users.

Nutrient quality

93 Highest impact

Several well-chosen forms and meaningful amounts create broad nighttime support. Combined serotonergic and sedating effects are the principal formulation trade-off.

Ingredient transparency

83 Highest impact

Every listed active has a specific amount, and no proprietary blend hides key doses. The serving count is clear, but intake directions and non-active ingredients are not supplied.

Customer satisfaction

59 Moderate impact

Customer sentiment is favorable, and the small review volume limits confidence. No review excerpts are supplied, so repeated complaints and purpose fit cannot be verified.

Value for money

90 Highest impact

Multiple meaningful sleep actives provide strong formula-level value. The serving economics remain competitive for the breadth of coverage.

Report analysis

Goals

Sleep Support
Sleep Support
Impact
Highest effect
A+ Goal FitA+ Strength of SupportA+ CoverageA+ Formula Quality
Magnesium · 200 mgMelatonin · 0.3 mgTheanine · 200 mgGlycine · 3000 mg

Glycine, magnesium citrate, theanine, tryptophan, 5-HTP, and low-dose melatonin cover physical relaxation, neurotransmitter support, and circadian timing. Glycine and theanine are especially well dosed, and every amount is disclosed.

The combination is broad but remains purposeful and balanced around bedtime use. People using serotonergic antidepressants or other serotonin-raising medicines should not combine tryptophan and 5-HTP without medical guidance.

Study evidence
5-HTP Supportive 1 study
Glycine Supportive 3 studies
Magnesium Supportive 23 studies
Melatonin Supportive 181 studies
Theanine Supportive 8 studies
Tryptophan Mixed 1 study
Stress Relief
Calm and Tension Relief
Stress Relief
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitA- Strength of SupportA- CoverageA Formula Quality
Magnesium · 200 mgGlycine · 3000 mgTryptophan · 250 mgTheanine · 200 mg

Glycine, theanine, magnesium, tryptophan, 5-HTP, and low-dose melatonin address several stress-related sleep and calming pathways. Most core actives are present at practical amounts, with especially strong glycine and theanine support.

Tryptophan is modest and the formula is better for nighttime recovery than daytime resilience. 5-HTP and tryptophan can interact with serotonergic antidepressants and other serotonin-raising drugs.

Study evidence
5-HTP Supportive 18 studies
Glycine Supportive 1 study
Magnesium Supportive 13 studies
Melatonin Supportive 21 studies
Theanine Supportive 16 studies
Mood Support
Mood Support
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB CoverageB Formula Quality
Magnesium · 200 mg5-HTP · 100 mg

5-HTP and tryptophan support serotonin production, while theanine, magnesium, and glycine add relaxation and sleep recovery. The formula is strongly relevant when low mood is tied to poor sleep, but it is not a broad daytime mood stabilizer.

Most principal actives are well dosed and individually disclosed, although 5-HTP source standardization is missing. Do not combine 5-HTP or tryptophan with SSRIs, SNRIs, MAO inhibitors, or other serotonergic medicines, and note that melatonin may cause next-day drowsiness.

Study evidence
5-HTP Supportive 9 studies
Glycine Mixed 3 studies
Magnesium Supportive 60 studies
Theanine Supportive 12 studies
Tryptophan Mixed 1 study
Brain Health
Brain Health
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB Strength of SupportB- CoverageA- Formula Quality
Magnesium · 200 mg

L-theanine, glycine, magnesium, tryptophan, 5-HTP, and melatonin form a well-aligned sleep-support formula. Restorative sleep can aid memory consolidation and next-day clarity, while theanine also supports calm focus more directly.

The main amounts are transparent and several fit commonly used ranges, though tryptophan is low and ingredient sourcing is generic. Combining tryptophan and 5-HTP warrants caution with serotonergic medicines because their effects can add together.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 86 studies
Melatonin Supportive 29 studies
Theanine Supportive 17 studies
Anti-Aging
Skin, Joint, & Bone Health
Anti-Aging
Impact
High effect
C Goal FitB+ Strength of SupportB- CoverageB Formula Quality
Magnesium · 200 mgGlycine · 3000 mg

Glycine, magnesium, and sleep-support ingredients may indirectly aid healthy aging through restorative sleep and antioxidant building-block support. The connection is meaningful but less direct than a dedicated mitochondrial or vascular formula.

Glycine reaches a useful sleep-focused amount and all active doses are disclosed. The combined 5-HTP, tryptophan, and melatonin can increase drowsiness, while 5-HTP may interact with serotonergic medicines.

Study evidence
Glycine Mixed 14 studies
Magnesium Supportive 12 studies
Melatonin Supportive 6 studies
Cognitive Support
Cognitive Support
Impact
High effect
C Goal FitA- Strength of SupportC+ CoverageB Formula Quality
Magnesium · 200 mgTheanine · 200 mg

L-theanine, glycine, tryptophan, 5-HTP, magnesium, and melatonin form a well-dosed sleep stack. Better sleep may support next-day cognition, but the sedating design is unsuitable for daytime focus.

Theanine offers direct calm-focus relevance, while the remaining actives emphasize sleep onset and relaxation. Combining 5-HTP with serotonergic medicines may raise the risk of excessive serotonin effects.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 24 studies
Theanine Supportive 25 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Magnesium (Magnesium Citrate)
 200 mg
L-Glycine
3000 mg
L-Tryptophan
250 mg
L-Theanine
200 mg
L-5-Hydroxytryptophan
100 mg
Melatonin
0.3 mg
Adults 18–50 Women
Report overview
Theanine · 200 mg OverallScore92
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Explicit L-theanine identity confirms the active isomer, but no branded source or purity testing is shown. The clearly disclosed amount falls within the optimal range for calm and focused support. A clinically dosed 5-HTP amount and other sleep actives strengthen the already competitive value.

View ingredientView products
Glycine · 3000 mg OverallScore80
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB- Value

Clearly named L-glycine provides an isolated source, although no premium grade or purity certification is shown. A 3 g powder serving reaches the established sleep-focused amount. Other well-chosen actives improve formula-level value despite weak glycine-only economics.

View ingredientView products
5-HTP · 100 mg OverallScore50
D- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The label identifies 5-HTP but gives no botanical source or active standardization. The mixed powder lacks sustained or enteric delivery support; the serving matches the main target, although the supplied label data include no specific serotonin-medication warning. The normalized cost is high for the disclosed active amount.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
87 Performance

Sleep Regimen 3-in-1

NOW
<p>Melatonin, L-theanine, and Griffonia-derived 5-HTP form a concise, fully disclosed sleep formula with strong sleep and stress alignment. The 5-HTP extract lacks standardization and can interact with serotonin-raising medicines.</p>
83 Performance

Sleep Nighttime Powder

youtheory
<p>Full-dose glycine with magnesium citrate, L-theanine, melatonin, tryptophan, and 5-HTP provides especially strong nighttime and stress coverage. Combining tryptophan and 5-HTP can intensify serotonin effects with antidepressants or monoamine oxidase inhibitors.</p>
82 Performance

Tranquil Sleep

Natural Factors Stress-Relax
<p>Branded Suntheanine, low-dose melatonin, and Griffonia-derived 5-HTP create a focused bedtime blend with a well-characterized theanine source. The modest 5-HTP amount remains relevant to interactions with serotonin-raising medicines.</p>
78 Budget

Double Strength 5-HTP 200 mg

NOW
<p>A high, clearly disclosed 5-HTP amount offers focused sleep and mood support at a lower serving cost. Glycine and other companions are modest, and 5-HTP can dangerously add to serotonin-raising medicines.</p>
77 Budget

5-HTP 100 mg

Metabolic Maintenance
<p>A practical 5-HTP amount with vitamin cofactors provides a simpler lower-cost option for serotonin-related sleep support. Glycine is modest, and use with serotonergic medicines can be dangerous.</p>
69 Budget

Sleep Support

Bluebonnet Targeted Choice
<p>Theanine, valerian, tart cherry, passionflower, 5-HTP, and chamomile create a coherent sleep blend at a lower serving cost. Botanical standards are incomplete, while combined sedatives may increase drowsiness and 5-HTP can interact with serotonergic medicines.</p>
81 Value

Double Strength 5-HTP 200 mg

NOW
<p>A substantial, clearly disclosed 5-HTP amount provides direct sleep and mood support at strong serving value. Supporting nutrients are modest, and 5-HTP can dangerously add to serotonergic medicines.</p>
72 Value

5-HTP 50 mg

Metabolic Maintenance
<p>A cautious 5-HTP amount offers an economical starting point for sleep or mood support. Glycine is far below a focused sleep amount, and combining 5-HTP with serotonergic medicines can be dangerous.</p>
55 Value

PureBalance Seratonin

Quality Of Life
<p>Five-HTP, theanine, and rhodiola provide a plausible lower-cost mood and stress base. A large proprietary blend hides important doses, and five-HTP may raise serotonin too far with antidepressants or similar medicines.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. The effect of glycine administration on the characteristics of physiological systems in human adults: A systematic review.
    Soh J; Raventhiran S; Lee JH; Lim ZX; Goh J; Kennedy BK; Maier AB · GeroScience · 2024
    Systematic reviewSleep Support forGlycine
  2. New therapeutic strategy for amino acid medicine: glycine improves the quality of sleep.
    Bannai M; Kawai N · Journal of pharmacological sciences · 2012
    Narrative reviewSleep Support forGlycine
  3. The effects of glycine on subjective daytime performance in partially sleep-restricted healthy volunteers.
    Bannai M; Kawai N; Ono K; Nakahara K; Murakami N · Frontiers in neurology · 2012
    Clinical trial7 participantsSleep Support forGlycine
  4. The impact of 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation on sleep quality and gut microbiota composition in older adults: A randomized controlled trial.
    Sutanto CN; Xia X; Heng CW; Tan YS; Lee DPS; Fam J; Kim JE · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2024
    Randomized trial30 participantsSleep Support for5-HTP
  5. The effects of L-theanine consumption on sleep outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Bulman A; D'Cunha NM; Marx W; Turner M; McKune A; Naumovski N · Sleep medicine reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis897 participants19 studies pooledSleep Support forTheanine
  6. Comparison Between Efficacy of Oral Melatonin and Oral L-theanine in Improving Sleep in Cancer Patients Suffering From Insomnia: A Randomised Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study.
    Kurdi MS; As A; Ladhad DA; Mitragotri MV; Baiju A · Indian journal of palliative care · 2024
    Randomized trial120 participantsSleep Support forTheanine
  7. Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Hidese S; Ogawa S; Ota M; Ishida I; Yasukawa Z; Ozeki M; Kunugi H · Nutrients · 2020
    Randomized trial30 participantsSleep Support Brain Health Cognitive Support forTheanine
  8. Current Evidence on Common Dietary Supplements for Sleep Quality.
    Esquivel MK; Ghosn B · American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025
    Narrative reviewSleep Support forTheanine
  9. Theanine maintains sleep quality in healthy young women by suppressing the increase in caffeine-induced wakefulness after sleep onset.
    Baba Y; Takihara T; Okamura N · Food & function · 2023
    Clinical trialSleep Support forTheanine
  10. Oral supplementation with glycine reduces oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome, improving their systolic blood pressure.
    Díaz-Flores M; Cruz M; Duran-Reyes G; Munguia-Miranda C; Loza-Rodríguez H; Pulido-Casas E; Torres-Ramírez N; Gaja-Rodriguez O; Kumate J; Baiza-Gutman LA; Hernández-Saavedra D · Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology · 2014
    Randomized trial60 participantsStress Relief forGlycine
  11. Anti-Stress, Behavioural and Magnetoencephalography Effects of an L-Theanine-Based Nutrient Drink: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
    White DJ; de Klerk S; Woods W; Gondalia S; Noonan C; Scholey AB · Nutrients · 2016
    Randomized trial34 participantsStress Relief forTheanine
  12. Safety and Efficacy of AlphaWave® L-Theanine Supplementation for 28 Days in Healthy Adults with Moderate Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Moulin M; Crowley DC; Xiong L; Guthrie N; Lewis ED · Neurology and therapy · 2024
    Randomized trial30 participantsStress Relief Productivity Boost forTheanine
  13. L-theanine in the adjunctive treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
    Sarris J; Byrne GJ; Cribb L; Oliver G; Murphy J; Macdonald P; Nazareth S; Karamacoska D; Galea S; Short A; Ee C; Birling Y; Menon R; Ng CH · Journal of psychiatric research · 2020
    Randomized trial46 participantsStress Relief Sleep Support forTheanine
  14. Effect of Combined Ingestion of L-Theanine and L-Arginine for Short-Term Psychological Stress in Young Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Furushima D; Sugiyama I; Nomura Y; Unno K; Yamada H · Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology · 2023
    Randomized trial120 participantsStress Relief forTheanine
  15. Accelerated biological aging, mediating amino acids, and risk of incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.
    Zhang Z; Wang J; Yu B; Sun Y; Chen Y; Lu Y; Wang N; Xia F · Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025
    Cohort study95,773 participantsAnti-Aging forGlycine
  16. Dietary protein and amino acid intakes for mitigating sarcopenia in humans.
    He W; Connolly ED; Cross HR; Wu G · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2025
    Narrative reviewAnti-Aging forGlycine
  17. Age-Related Neurochemical Changes in the Vestibular Nuclei.
    Smith PF · Frontiers in neurology · 2016
    Narrative reviewAnti-Aging forGlycine
  18. SHMT2 regulates CD8+ T cell senescence via the reactive oxygen species axis in HIV-1 infected patients on antiretroviral therapy.
    Zhang QS; Wang JN; Yang TL; Li SY; Li JQ; Liu DN; Shang H; Zhang ZN · EBioMedicine · 2025
    Observational studyAnti-Aging forGlycine
  19. Metabolomics and incident dementia in older Chinese adults: The Shanghai Aging Study.
    Cui M; Jiang Y; Zhao Q; Zhu Z; Liang X; Zhang K; Wu W; Dong Q; An Y; Tang H; Ding D; Chen X · Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021
    Cohort studyAnti-Aging forGlycine
  20. Dietary Magnesium May Be Protective for Aging of Bone and Skeletal Muscle in Middle and Younger Older Age Men and Women: Cross-Sectional Findings from the UK Biobank Cohort.
    Welch AA; Skinner J; Hickson M · Nutrients · 2018
    Cross-sectional study156,575 participantsAnti-Aging forMagnesium
  21. Higher Magnesium Intake Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Frailty in Older Adults.
    Dominguez LJ; Mérida DM; Donat-Vargas C; Banegas JR; Veronese N; Barbagallo M; Rodríguez-Artalejo F; Guallar-Castillón P · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2024
    Cohort study1,900 participantsAnti-Aging forMagnesium
  22. Ca:Mg Ratio, APOE Cytosine Modifications, and Cognitive Function: Results from a Randomized Trial.
    Zhu X; Borenstein AR; Zheng Y; Zhang W; Seidner DL; Ness R; Murff HJ; Li B; Shrubsole MJ; Yu C; Hou L; Dai Q · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021
    Randomized trial250 participantsAnti-Aging forMagnesium
  23. The Association between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Acceleration of Aging: Evidence from NHANES.
    Ma J; Li P; Jiang Y; Yang X; Luo Y; Tao L; Guo X; Gao B · Nutrients · 2024
    Cross-sectional study4,692 participantsAnti-Aging forMagnesium
  24. Interpretable machine learning with SHAP analysis identifies redox-modulating dietary antioxidants for predicting accelerated biological aging.
    Zhang B; Zhang X; Ma L; Li D; Li Y; Lin S; Peng L; He L · Experimental gerontology · 2026
    Cross-sectional study8,125 participantsAnti-Aging forMagnesium
  25. Antioxidants and Fertility in Women with Ovarian Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Shang Y; Song N; He R; Wu M · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,617 participants20 studies pooledAnti-Aging forMelatonin
  26. Lipidomic and Instrumental Evaluation of a Melatonin-Based In & Out Strategy Versus Topical Treatment in Skin Aging: A Randomized Prospective Trial.
    Colombo F; Alfano S; Milani M · Metabolites · 2025
    Randomized trial39 participantsAnti-Aging forMelatonin
  27. Melatonin supplementation attenuates cuproptosis and ferroptosis in aging cumulus and granulosa cells: potential for improving IVF outcomes in advanced maternal age.
    Tsui KH; Li CJ; Lin LT · Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024
    Cohort study161 participantsAnti-Aging forMelatonin
  28. Melatonin and healthy aging.
    Cardinali DP · Vitamins and hormones · 2021
    Narrative reviewAnti-Aging forMelatonin
  29. Clinical Studies Using Topical Melatonin.
    Greco G; Di Lorenzo R; Ricci L; Di Serio T; Vardaro E; Laneri S · International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Narrative reviewAnti-Aging forMelatonin
  30. Antenatal magnesium sulfate and neuroprotection.
    Doyle LW · Current opinion in pediatrics · 2012
    Meta-analysis6,145 participants5 studies pooledBrain Health forMagnesium
  31. No. 376-Magnesium Sulphate for Fetal Neuroprotection.
    Magee LA; De Silva DA; Sawchuck D; Synnes A; von Dadelszen P · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC · 2020
    Guideline / consensus4,446 participantsBrain Health forMagnesium
  32. Magnesium Sulfate Before Preterm Birth for Neuroprotection: An Updated Cochrane Systematic Review.
    Shepherd ES; Goldsmith S; Doyle LW; Middleton P; Marret S; Rouse DJ; Pryde P; Wolf HT; Crowther CA · Obstetrics and gynecology · 2024
    Systematic review5,917 participants6 studies pooledBrain Health forMagnesium
  33. Magnesium sulphate for fetal neuroprotection at imminent risk for preterm delivery: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.
    Wolf HT; Huusom LD; Henriksen TB; Hegaard HK; Brok J; Pinborg A · BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2020
    Meta-analysis5,917 participants6 studies pooledBrain Health forMagnesium
  34. Magnesium sulfate and fetal neuroprotection: overview of clinical evidence.
    Chollat C; Marret S · Neural regeneration research · 2020
    Narrative reviewBrain Health forMagnesium
  35. Comparative Efficacy, Tolerability, and Acceptability of Donanemab, Lecanemab, Aducanumab, Melatonin, and Aerobic Exercise for a Short Time on Cognitive Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
    Terao I; Kodama W · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024
    Meta-analysis4,599 participants10 studies pooledBrain Health forMelatonin
  36. Melatonin for sleep and cognitive outcomes in older adults with cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
    Mdluli NT; Banda KJ; Chang YC · Age and ageing · 2025
    Meta-analysis516 participants10 studies pooledBrain Health forMelatonin
  37. Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.
    Wade AG; Farmer M; Harari G; Fund N; Laudon M; Nir T; Frydman-Marom A; Zisapel N · Clinical interventions in aging · 2015
    Randomized trial80 participantsBrain Health forMelatonin
  38. Early Oral Melatonin Supplementation Supports White Matter Maturation in Preterm Infants: Neuroprotective Insights of an Antioxidant Molecule.
    Garofoli F; Asteggiano C; Minniti ML; Accorsi P; Albertini R; Angelini M; Aversa S; Ballante E; Cabini RF; Caporali C; Cociglio S; Franco V; Longo S; Malerba L; Materia V; Mazzocchi L; Naboni C; Palmisani M; Pullega C; Pisoni C; Preda L; Riboli A; Risso FM; Rognone E; Savini G; Simoncelli AM; Villani P; Tzialla C; Pinelli L; Fazzi E; Chiapparini L; Borgatti R; Ghirardello S; Pichiecchio A; Orcesi S · Journal of pineal research · 2026
    Randomized trial54 participantsBrain Health forMelatonin
  39. Efficacy and Safety of Melatonin in Migraine Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Abouelmagd ME; Aldemerdash MA; Khatatbeh AA; Osman ASA; Abbas A; Allam S; AlEdani EM; Aldemerdash A; Monteith TS · Current pain and headache reports · 2026
    Meta-analysis788 participants9 studies pooledBrain Health forMelatonin
  40. A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study to Investigate the Efficacy of a Single Dose of AlphaWave® L-Theanine on Stress in a Healthy Adult Population.
    Evans M; McDonald AC; Xiong L; Crowley DC; Guthrie N · Neurology and therapy · 2021
    Randomized trialBrain Health Stress Relief forTheanine
  41. Effects of Tea (Camellia sinensis) or its Bioactive Compounds l-Theanine or l-Theanine plus Caffeine on Cognition, Sleep, and Mood in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Payne ER; Aceves-Martins M; Dubost J; Greyling A; de Roos B · Nutrition reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis50 studies pooledBrain Health Cognitive Support forTheanine
  42. Assessing the effects of caffeine and theanine on the maintenance of vigilance during a sustained attention task.
    Foxe JJ; Morie KP; Laud PJ; Rowson MJ; de Bruin EA; Kelly SP · Neuropharmacology · 2012
    Randomized trial27 participantsBrain Health Cognitive Support forTheanine
  43. Effects of l-Theanine on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Baba Y; Inagaki S; Nakagawa S; Kaneko T; Kobayashi M; Takihara T · Journal of medicinal food · 2021
    Randomized trialBrain Health Productivity Boost forTheanine
  44. Magnesium sulphate for women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of the fetus.
    Doyle LW; Crowther CA; Middleton P; Marret S; Rouse D · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2009
    Meta-analysis6,145 participants5 studies pooledCognitive Support forMagnesium
  45. Effects of magnesium valproate adjuvant therapy on patients with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Zhang C; Sun L; Sun H · Medicine · 2022
    Meta-analysis1,899 participants22 studies pooledCognitive Support forMagnesium
  46. Effects of magnesium supplementation on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive function in patients undergoing fluoxetine therapy for depression.
    Noor NJ; Syamsuddin S; Liaury K; Tawali S; Idris I; Azis I; Lisal ST · East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan · 2026
    Randomized trial40 participantsCognitive Support forMagnesium
  47. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial.
    Hausenblas HA; Lynch T; Hooper S; Shrestha A; Rosendale D; Gu J · Sleep medicine: X · 2025
    Randomized trial80 participantsCognitive Support forMagnesium
  48. Could intraoperative magnesium sulphate protect against postoperative cognitive dysfunction?
    Hassan WF; Tawfik MH; Nabil TM; Abd Elkareem RM · Minerva anestesiologica · 2021
    Randomized trial80 participantsCognitive Support forMagnesium
  49. Dose-response effect of L-theanine on psychomotor speed, sustained attention, and inhibitory control: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
    Dassanayake TL; Wijesundara D; Kahathuduwa CN; Weerasinghe VS · Nutritional neuroscience · 2023
    Randomized trial32 participantsCognitive Support forTheanine
  50. Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention.
    Kahathuduwa CN; Dassanayake TL; Amarakoon AMT; Weerasinghe VS · Nutritional neuroscience · 2018
    Clinical trial20 participantsCognitive Support forTheanine
  51. The impact of obesity-associated glycine deficiency on the elimination of endogenous and exogenous metabolites via the glycine conjugation pathway.
    Tan HC; Hsu JW; Tai ES; Chacko S; Kovalik JP; Jahoor F · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024
    Cohort study42 participantsDetoxification forGlycine
  52. Metabolic impact of dietary glycine supplementation in individuals with severe obesity.
    Tan HC; Hsu JW; Tai ES; Chacko S; Wu V; Yen PM; Kovalik JP; Jahoor F · Scientific reports · 2025
    Single-arm trial19 participantsDetoxification forGlycine
  53. Contribution towards a Metabolite Profile of the Detoxification of Benzoic Acid through Glycine Conjugation: An Intervention Study.
    Irwin C; van Reenen M; Mason S; Mienie LJ; Westerhuis JA; Reinecke CJ · PloS one · 2017
    Non-randomized trial21 participantsDetoxification forGlycine
  54. Glycine conjugation of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA): a quantitative test of liver function.
    Furuya KN; Durie PR; Roberts EA; Soldin SJ; Verjee Z; Yung-Jato L; Giesbrecht E; Ellis L · Clinical biochemistry · 1996
    Methods validation study74 participantsDetoxification forGlycine
  55. The treatment of isovaleric acidemia with glycine supplement
    M Naglak, R Salvo, K Madsen, P Dembure, L Elsas · Pediatric research · 1988
    Non-randomized trial2 participantsDetoxification forGlycine
  56. Comparative study of efficacy of l-5-hydroxytryptophan and fluoxetine in patients presenting with first depressive episode.
    Jangid P; Malik P; Singh P; Sharma M; Gulia AK · Asian journal of psychiatry · 2013
    Randomized trial70 participantsMood Support for5-HTP
  57. The Impact of 5-Hydroxytryptophan Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Mood in Singapore Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Li S; Sutanto CN; Xia X; Kim JE · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial30 participantsMood Support for5-HTP
  58. Effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan on distinct types of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Javelle F; Lampit A; Bloch W; Häussermann P; Johnson SL; Zimmer P · Nutrition reviews · 2020
    Meta-analysis13 studies pooledMood Support for5-HTP
  59. Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression.
    Shaw K; Turner J; Del Mar C · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2002
    Systematic review64 participants2 studies pooledMood Support for5-HTP
  60. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and a MAOI (nialamide) in the treatment of depressions. A double-blind controlled study.
    Aliño JJ; Gutierrez JL; Iglesias ML · International pharmacopsychiatry · 1976
    Non-randomized trial30 participantsMood Support for5-HTP
  61. [Augmentation of antipsychotics with glycine may ameliorate depressive and extrapyramidal symptoms in schizophrenic patients--a preliminary 10-week open-label study].
    Strzelecki D; Kropiwnicki P; Rabe-Jabłońska J · Psychiatria polska · 2014
    Single-arm trial29 participantsMood Support forGlycine
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    Tarleton EK; Littenberg B; MacLean CD; Kennedy AG; Daley C · PloS one · 2017
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    Walyddaini AS; Lisal ST; Ilhamuddin; Zainuddin AA; Tanra AJ; Widianingsih Y; Syamsuddin S · East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan · 2026
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    Afsharfar M; Shahraki M; Shakiba M; Asbaghi O; Dashipour A · Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2021
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    Cotter J; Kilpatrick HE · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
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  78. Effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on insomnia and sleep hormones in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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  82. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide monohydrate in the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps.
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  85. The Effectiveness of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbances in Parkinson' Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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    Schruers K; van Diest R; Overbeek T; Griez E · Psychiatry research · 2003
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    Smarius LJ; Jacobs GE; Hoeberechts-Lefrandt DH; de Kam ML; van der Post JP; de Rijk R; van Pelt J; Schoemaker RC; Zitman FG; van Gerven JM; Gijsman HJ · Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2008
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    Noah L; Dye L; Bois De Fer B; Mazur A; Pickering G; Pouteau E · Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2021
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    Demirhan Kayacik A; İlcioglu K · Archives of women's mental health · 2024
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    Lu L; Chen C; Yang K; Zhu J; Xun P; Shikany JM; He K · European journal of nutrition · 2021
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  110. Clinical and Metabolic Responses to Magnesium Supplementation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
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    Yamori Y; Sagara M; Mizushima S; Liu L; Ikeda K; Nara Y; CARDIAC Study Group · Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2015
    Cross-sectional study4,211 participantsWeight Loss forMagnesium
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    Rafiee M; Ghavami A; Rashidian A; Hadi A; Askari G · The British journal of nutrition · 2021
    Meta-analysis2,013 participants28 studies pooledWeight Loss forMagnesium
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    Askari M; Mozaffari H; Jafari A; Ghanbari M; Darooghegi Mofrad M · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2021
    Meta-analysis32 studies pooledWeight Loss forMagnesium