Product Image

Serious Mass Chocolate

Optimum Nutrition
4.5
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(45651 ratings)
Sodium 570 mg
Manganese 2 mg
Zinc 15 mg
Choline 250 mg
Calcium 600 mg
Niacin 50 mg
Potassium 1430 mg
Product Image
Score67
Purpose-built for aggressive mass gain with huge calories, substantial protein, and creatine, but the extreme carbohydrate load and large serving narrow its use.
How scoring works
Quantity:6 lb(s) • (8 servings)
Goals:
Fitness
Nail Health
Hair Health

Score 67

Purpose-built for aggressive mass gain with huge calories, substantial protein, and creatine, but the extreme carbohydrate load and large serving narrow its use.
How scoring works

Also available as

4 options
Chocolate Peanut Butter 168 Gram(s) • 6 Pound(s) • 8 servings $56.99 ($7.12 per serving) Banana 336 Gram(s) • 6 Pound(s) • 8 servings $64.99 ($8.12 per serving) Vanilla 168 Gram(s) • 6 Pound(s) • 8 servings $64.99 ($8.12 per serving) Strawberry 168 Gram(s) • 6 Pound(s) • 8 servings $64.99 ($8.12 per serving)
$48.49($6.06 per serving)
Supplement City
$ 49.99
Amazon
$ 48.49
iHerb
$ 64.99
Vitacost
$ 61.23
Report prices

Analysis

The full serving supplies 1,250 calories, 50 grams of protein, and three grams of creatine monohydrate. That combination directly supports people who struggle to reach a large calorie surplus for mass gain.

More than 250 grams of carbohydrate drives most of the calorie total, so the product is not a balanced everyday meal replacement. The vitamin-mineral panel is broad, but 500 mg of glutamine and several small extras add little to the main protein-and-carbohydrate role.

The very large serving is expensive and may be difficult to digest at once. Dividing it can improve tolerance, but users still need to account for the carbohydrate, sodium, and duplicate micronutrients in the rest of their diet.

Who is it for
  • Adults who struggle to consume enough calories for mass gain
  • Lifters seeking protein, carbohydrate, and creatine together
Best for
  • Aggressive calorie surplus
  • High-calorie post-training nutrition

Pros

  • Provides 50 grams of protein
  • Includes three grams of creatine monohydrate
  • Delivers a very large calorie amount

Cons

  • Contains more than 250 grams of carbohydrate per full serving
  • Large serving may be difficult to digest
  • Glutamine amount is too small for focused use

Warnings

  • The extreme carbohydrate load may sharply raise blood glucose and is poorly suited to people managing diabetes or insulin resistance
  • Creatine and the very large serving may cause bloating or digestive discomfort, especially when taken all at once
  • The broad vitamin-mineral panel can duplicate other supplements, so total niacin, iron, calcium, and related intake should be checked

Nutrient quality

69 High impact

Vitamin D3, natural vitamin E, citrate, selenomethionine, and several chelated minerals are useful forms. Protein, carbohydrate, creatine, and several minerals are supplied in substantial amounts.

Ingredient transparency

80 Highest impact

Every listed active has a specific amount. Inactive ingredients are not supplied.

Customer satisfaction

70 High impact

The supplied average indicates generally favorable aggregate satisfaction. No detailed experience reports are available to identify repeated complaints or confirm perceived benefits.

Value for money

43 Lower impact

The large macronutrient serving supports some value, but the bottle provides very few servings. Serving value is weak because each use is expensive.

Report analysis

Goals

Fitness
Fitness
Impact
Highest effect
A Goal FitA- Strength of SupportA- CoverageA- Formula Quality
Magnesium · 140 mgVitamin D · 5 mcgCreatine · 3 Gram(s)

Creatine monohydrate, substantial protein, carbohydrate, and electrolytes support strength, recovery, and high training energy needs. The creatine amount is useful for daily performance support.

The very large serving supplies an unusually high calorie and carbohydrate load that requires a deliberate mass-gain context. It is appropriate for athletes needing concentrated energy intake rather than routine workout supplementation.

Study evidence
Creatine Supportive 143 studies
Nail Health
Healthy Nail Growth
Nail Health
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitA- Strength of SupportA- CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Biotin · 300 mcg

Substantial protein plus a broad nutrient set provides strong structural and deficiency support. The benefit is nutritional and comes within a calorie-dense mass gainer.

Core actives are well disclosed and meaningfully dosed. Large amounts of carbohydrate and performance ingredients make nail support secondary.

Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 8 studies
Iron Disputed 4 studies
Selenium Adverse 1 study
Vitamin C Supportive 1 study
Zinc No effect 1 study
Hair Health
Hair Health
Impact
High effect
C Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageB- Formula Quality
Biotin · 300 mcgVitamin D · 5 mcgZinc · 15 mgIron · 8 mgVitamin C · 60 mg

Abundant complete protein plus iron, zinc, selenium, biotin, and vitamin C provide several building blocks relevant to hair. The formula can help when insufficient calories or protein contribute to poor growth.

It is a mass gainer rather than a hair supplement, and iron and vitamin D are modest. The very large carbohydrate serving and broad fortification do not target follicle-specific mechanisms.

Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 4 studies
Iron Disputed 25 studies
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Vitamin C Mixed 5 studies
Vitamin D Disputed 34 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies
Bone Health
Bone Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB CoverageD Formula Quality
Phosphorus · 590 mgMagnesium · 140 mgCalcium · 600 mgVitamin D · 5 mcgCopper · 1 mgManganese · 2 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 60 mg

Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D3, and a large protein serving cover structural mineral and protein-matrix needs. Calcium and phosphorus are substantial, but vitamin D3 and magnesium are modest and vitamin K is absent.

The very large calorie and carbohydrate load is designed for mass gain, not bone health, and may be impractical outside intensive training. It offers meaningful raw materials but lacks a targeted mineral-deposition strategy.

Study evidence
Calcium Supportive 144 studies
Magnesium Supportive 48 studies
Phosphorus Supportive 44 studies
Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitC Strength of SupportC+ CoverageC- Formula Quality
Magnesium · 140 mgVitamin C · 60 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin A · 750 mcgVitamin D · 5 mcgSelenium · 70 mcg

Vitamins A, C, D, and E plus zinc and selenium provide baseline immune nutrition within the mass-gainer formula. The label’s immune-support statement is consistent with those established nutrient roles.

Most amounts remain maintenance-oriented, and the large carbohydrate and protein serving is not an immune-specific delivery strategy. The product fits calorie and weight-gain needs much better than focused immune support.

Study evidence
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Cognitive Support
Cognitive Support
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC- CoverageD- Formula Quality
Choline · 250 mgThiamin · 4.8 mgVitamin B6 · 5 mgFolate · 680 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 10 mcgMagnesium · 140 mgVitamin D · 5 mcgCreatine · 3 Gram(s)

Creatine monohydrate reaches a well-established sports dose that may also support cognition during sleep loss or high demand. Choline bitartrate and B vitamins add nutritional relevance, although the mass-gainer format is not designed around brain delivery.

The creatine amount gives this product more cognitive depth than a typical calorie powder. The very large serving and broad macronutrient load make it impractical as a dedicated cognitive supplement.

Study evidence
Choline Supportive 76 studies
Creatine Mixed 20 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
Moderate effect
D Goal FitC Strength of SupportC- CoverageD- Formula Quality
Folate · 680 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 10 mcgVitamin D · 5 mcgMagnesium · 140 mgSelenium · 70 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 60 mgCreatine · 3 Gram(s)

Protein, vitamins, minerals, and creatine can support energy intake and nutritional needs during intentional weight gain. The extremely large carbohydrate and calorie load makes the formula poorly suited to routine general wellness for most people.

Many micronutrients are clearly dosed and several mineral forms are reasonable. The mass-gain design overwhelms those strengths with a highly specialized macronutrient profile.

Study evidence
Creatine Supportive 42 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
1250 Calorie(s)
Total Fat
4.5 Gram(s)
Cholesterol
110 mg
Total Carbohydrates
252 Gram(s)
Protein
50 Gram(s)
Vitamin A (Beta-Carotene)
 750 mcg
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 60 mg
Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol)
 5 mcg
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopherol Succinate)
 20 mg
Thiamine (Thiamine Mononitrate)
 4.8 mg
Riboflavin
4 mg
Niacin (Niacinamide)
 50 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 5 mg
Folate
680 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
 10 mcg
Biotin (D-Biotin)
 300 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (D-Calcium Pantothenate)
 25 mg
Choline (Choline Bitartrate)
 250 mg
Calcium (Calcium Citrate, Dicalcium Phosphate)
 600 mg
Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)
 8 mg
Phosphorus (Dicalcium Phosphate, Dipotassium Phosphate)
 590 mg
Iodine (Potassium Iodide)
 53 mcg
Magnesium (Magnesium Aspartate)
 140 mg
Zinc (Zinc Citrate)
 15 mg
Selenium (Selenomethionine)
 70 mcg
Copper (Copper Gluconate)
 1 mg
Manganese (Manganese Amino Acid Chelate)
 2 mg
Chromium (Chromium Polynicotinate)
 120 mcg
Molybdenum (Molybdenum Amino Acid Chelate)
 75 mcg
Sodium
570 mg
Potassium (Dipotassium Phosphate)
 1430 mg
Creatine Monohydrate
3 Gram(s)
L-Glutamine
500 mg
Inositol
250 mg
PABA
5 mg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Sodium · 570 mg OverallScore75
C Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB- Value

An undisclosed sodium source limits confidence in ingredient quality. The sodium dose is well suited to meaningful athletic replenishment. Well-chosen supporting electrolytes strengthen the mineral profile, while the broader nutrition formula helps offset weak electrolyte-only value.

View ingredientView products
Zinc (Zinc Citrate) · 15 mg OverallScore74
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Zinc citrate provides good form quality at an effective 15 mg maintenance dose. Copper supports mineral balance, while the large powder serving is designed for mass gain rather than focused zinc delivery. Extremely high serving cost makes it poor value as a zinc source.

View ingredientView products
Manganese (Manganese Amino Acid Chelate) · 2 mg OverallScore74
A Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

A chelated source is promising, although its exact ligand remains unclear. The clearly disclosed 2 mg amount supports nutritional maintenance but falls short of the target range for bone-matrix support. The mass-gainer ingredients explain the premium but provide poor manganese-specific value.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
66 Performance

Serious Mass Banana

Optimum Nutrition
The formulation offers a stronger or more focused alternative for the original purpose. A very large carbohydrate serving with substantial protein and added creatine can help people who intentionally need rapid weight gain, but it is unsuitable as a general wellness product. The extreme calorie and carbohydrate load, short package life, and high serving cost create major trade-offs.
66 Value

Serious Mass Vanilla

Optimum Nutrition
The balance of useful ingredients and serving cost provides better practical value. A very large carbohydrate serving with substantial protein and added creatine can help people who intentionally need rapid weight gain, but it is unsuitable as a general wellness product. The extreme calorie and carbohydrate load, short package life, and high serving cost create major trade-offs.
66 Value

Serious Mass Strawberry

Optimum Nutrition
The balance of useful ingredients and serving cost provides better practical value. A very large carbohydrate serving with substantial protein and added creatine can help people who intentionally need rapid weight gain, but it is unsuitable as a general wellness product. The extreme calorie and carbohydrate load, short package life, and high serving cost create major trade-offs.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Manoj P; Derwin R; George S · International journal of older people nursing · 2023
    Meta-analysis12,620 participants7 studies pooledBone Health forCalcium
  2. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Storm D; Eslin R; Porter ES; Musgrave K; Vereault D; Patton C; Kessenich C; Mohan S; Chen T; Holick MF; Rosen CJ · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 1998
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  3. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women.
    Prince R; Devine A; Dick I; Criddle A; Kerr D; Kent N; Price R; Randell A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1995
    Randomized trial168 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  4. The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.
    Rajatanavin R; Chailurkit L; Saetung S; Thakkinstian A; Nimitphong H · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial404 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  5. Calcium-enriched foods and bone mass growth in prepubertal girls: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bonjour JP; Carrie AL; Ferrari S; Clavien H; Slosman D; Theintz G; Rizzoli R · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997
    Randomized trial149 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  6. Association between Serum Magnesium and Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
    Dominguez LJ; Veronese N; Ciriminna S; Pérez-Albela JL; Vásquez-López VF; Rodas-Regalado S; Di Bella G; Parisi A; Tagliaferri F; Barbagallo M · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis119,755 participants4 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  7. Bioabsorbable Magnesium-Based Materials Potential and Safety in Bone Surgery: A Systematic Review.
    Hung CH; Kwok YC; Yip J; Wong HH; Leung YY · Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025
    Systematic review386 participants8 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  8. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
    Zhao D; Huang S; Lu F; Wang B; Yang L; Qin L; Yang K; Li Y; Li W; Wang W; Tian S; Zhang X; Gao W; Wang Z; Zhang Y; Xie X; Wang J; Li J · Biomaterials · 2016
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  9. An update on magnesium and bone health.
    Rondanelli M; Faliva MA; Tartara A; Gasparri C; Perna S; Infantino V; Riva A; Petrangolini G; Peroni G · Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022
    Narrative reviewBone Health forMagnesium
  10. Sex-specific differences in the association of magnesium intake with femoral neck bone mineral density among older adults.
    Wang B; Tan X; Yao X; Zhu Z · Endocrine connections · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,343 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  11. Dairy product consumption, eating habits, sedentary behaviour and physical activity association with bone mineral density among adolescent boys: a cross-sectional observational study.
    Kopiczko A; Czapla M; Juárez-Vela R; Ross C; Uchmanowicz B · BMC pediatrics · 2024
    Cross-sectional study115 participantsBone Health forPhosphorus
  12. Burosumab Improved Histomorphometric Measures of Osteomalacia in Adults with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia: A Phase 3, Single-Arm, International Trial.
    Insogna KL; Rauch F; Kamenický P; Ito N; Kubota T; Nakamura A; Zhang L; Mealiffe M; San Martin J; Portale AA · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2020
    Single-arm trial14 participantsBone Health forPhosphorus
  13. Early high calcium and phosphorus intake by parenteral nutrition prevents short-term bone strength decline in preterm infants.
    Pereira-da-Silva L; Costa A; Pereira L; Filipe A; Virella D; Leal E; Moreira A; Rosa M; Mendes L; Serelha M · Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2011
    Randomized trialBone Health forPhosphorus
  14. Phosphate Metabolism in Health and Disease.
    Peacock M · Calcified tissue international · 2021
    Narrative reviewBone Health forPhosphorus
  15. Expert consensus on clinical management of metabolic bone disease of prematurity (2021).
    Yan-Mei C; Xin-Zhu L; Rong Z; Xi-Hong L; Xiao-Mei T; Ping-Yang C; Zhi-Chun F; Nutritional Committee of Neonatology Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association; Neonatal Nutrition and Health Management Group, Professional Committee of Child Health, Chinese Medical Doctor Association; Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. · Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2021
    Guideline / consensusBone Health forPhosphorus
  16. Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    De Jesus Moreno Moreno M · Clinical therapeutics · 2003
    Randomized trial261 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  17. Association of dietary choline intake with incidence of dementia, Alzheimer disease, and mild cognitive impairment: a large population-based prospective cohort study.
    Niu YY; Yan HY; Zhong JF; Diao ZQ; Li J; Li CP; Chen LH; Huang WQ; Xu M; Xu ZT; Liang XF; Li ZH; Liu D · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025
    Cohort study125,594 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  18. Choline intake during pregnancy and child cognition at age 7 years.
    Boeke CE; Gillman MW; Hughes MD; Rifas-Shiman SL; Villamor E; Oken E · American journal of epidemiology · 2013
    Cohort study895 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  19. Effects of choline alfoscerate on cognitive function and quality of life in type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Sohn M; Park YH; Lim S · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025
    Randomized trial36 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  20. Maternal choline supplementation mitigates alcohol exposure effects on neonatal brain volumes.
    Warton FL; Molteno CD; Warton CMR; Wintermark P; Lindinger NM; Dodge NC; Zöllei L; van der Kouwe AJW; Carter RC; Jacobson JL; Jacobson SW; Meintjes EM · Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022
    Randomized trial52 participantsCognitive Support forCholine
  21. Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Loading on Sleep Metrics, Physical Performance, Cognitive Function, and Recovery in Physically Active Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
    Ben Maaoui K; Delleli S; Mahdi N; Jebabli A; Del Coso J; Chtourou H; Ardigò LP; Ouergui I · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial14 participantsCognitive Support forCreatine
  22. Creatine supplementation enhances corticomotor excitability and cognitive performance during oxygen deprivation.
    Turner CE; Byblow WD; Gant N · The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015
    Randomized trial15 participantsCognitive Support forCreatine
  23. The effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive performance-a randomised controlled study.
    Sandkühler JF; Kersting X; Faust A; Königs EK; Altman G; Ettinger U; Lux S; Philipsen A; Müller H; Brauner J · BMC medicine · 2023
    Randomized trial123 participantsCognitive Support forCreatine
  24. Acute creatine supplementation enhances technical performance in adolescent basketball players under cognitive-motor dual-task condition.
    Wu J; Qiu P; Li Y · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025
    Randomized trial40 participantsCognitive Support forCreatine
  25. Effects of creatine supplementation on memory in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Prokopidis K; Giannos P; Triantafyllidis KK; Kechagias KS; Forbes SC; Candow DG · Nutrition reviews · 2023
    Meta-analysis225 participants10 studies pooledCognitive Support forCreatine
  26. Creatine in combination with resistance training and improvement in muscle strength: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusFitness forCreatine
  27. Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians.
    Burke DG; Chilibeck PD; Parise G; Candow DG; Mahoney D; Tarnopolsky M · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2004
    Randomized trial42 participantsFitness forCreatine
  28. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training.
    Vandenberghe K; Goris M; Van Hecke P; Van Leemputte M; Vangerven L; Hespel P · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 1998
    Randomized trial19 participantsFitness forCreatine
  29. Effects of Combined Versus Single Supplementation of Creatine, Beta-Alanine, and L-Citrulline During Short Sprint Interval Training on Basketball Players' Performance: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Li M; Sheykhlouvand M · International journal of sports physiology and performance · 2025
    Randomized trial48 participantsFitness forCreatine
  30. The Additive Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Exercise Training in an Aging Population: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Stares A; Bains M · Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001) · 2021
    Systematic review17 studies pooledFitness forCreatine
  31. Effects of high-load, velocity-intentional variable resistance training combined with creatine supplementation on neuroplasticity, oxidative stress, inflammation, physical function, cognitive performance and quality of life in older adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Fernandez-Garrido J; Martin EG; Saez-Berlanga A; Gargallo-Bayo P; Gene-Morales J; Alix-Fages C; Jiménez-Martínez P; Caballero O; Salvador-Palmer R; Colado JC · Experimental gerontology · 2026
    Randomized trial103 participantsGeneral Health forCreatine
  32. The impact of creatine supplementation associated with resistance training on muscular strength and lean tissue mass in the aged: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu S; Huang N; Wu W; OuYang X; Luo Y; Zhong Y; Wang M; Xiao L · European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2026
    Meta-analysis482 participants8 studies pooledGeneral Health forCreatine
  33. Creatine supplementation during pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    Fuld JP; Kilduff LP; Neder JA; Pitsiladis Y; Lean ME; Ward SA; Cotton MM · Thorax · 2005
    Randomized trial38 participantsGeneral Health forCreatine
  34. A multi-metabolite signature robustly predicts long-term mortality in the PREDIMED trial and several US cohorts.
    Fernández-Duval G; Razquin C; Wang F; Yun H; Hu J; Guasch-Ferré M; Rexrode K; Balasubramanian R; García-Gavilán J; Ruiz-Canela M; Clish CB; Corella D; Gómez-Gracia E; Fiol M; Estruch R; Lapetra J; Fitó M; Serra-Majem L; Ros E; Liang L; Dennis C; Asensio EM; Castañer O; Planes FJ; Salas-Salvadó J; Hu FB; Toledo E; Martínez-González MA · Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2025
    Cohort study1,878 participantsGeneral Health forCreatine
  35. Plasma creatine, estimated intramuscular creatine, transcellular gradient and the risk of mortality: Results from the PREVEND study.
    Doorenbos CSE; Post A; Stegmann ME; Franssen CFM; Dullaart RPF; Navis G; Connelly MA; Bakker SJL · European journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Cohort study5,127 participantsGeneral Health forCreatine
  36. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults.
    Bjelakovic G; Gluud LL; Nikolova D; Whitfield K; Wetterslev J; Simonetti RG; Bjelakovic M; Gluud C · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
    Meta-analysis95,286 participants159 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  37. Effect of vitamin D on gastrointestinal symptoms and health-related quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.
    Abbasnezhad A; Amani R; Hajiani E; Alavinejad P; Cheraghian B; Ghadiri A · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2018
    Randomized trial90 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin D
  38. The impact of vitamin D administration on mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Kow CS; Ramachandram DS; Hasan SS; Wong Z; Thiruchelvam K · Inflammopharmacology · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,495 participants19 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  39. Vitamin D Status and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
    Heath AK; Kim IY; Hodge AM; English DR; Muller DC · International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Systematic review84 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  40. Meta-analysis of long-term vitamin D supplementation on overall mortality.
    Zheng Y; Zhu J; Zhou M; Cui L; Yao W; Liu Y · PloS one · 2014
    Meta-analysis42 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  41. The Role of Sesbania grandiflora-Derived Biotin and Bambusa arundinacea-Derived Silica Extracts in Promoting Hair, Skin, and Nail Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.
    Patel MN; Maheshvari J; Patel N · Cureus · 2025
    Randomized trial105 participantsHair Health Nail Health forBiotin
  42. Low serum biotinidase activity in children with valproic acid monotherapy.
    Schulpis KH; Karikas GA; Tjamouranis J; Regoutas S; Tsakiris S · Epilepsia · 2001
    Clinical trial125 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  43. Vitamins A, B, C, and D: A Short Review for the Dermatologist.
    Coerdt KM; Goggins CA; Khachemoune A · Alternative therapies in health and medicine · 2021
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  44. The Infatuation With Biotin Supplementation: Is There Truth Behind Its Rising Popularity? A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Efficacy versus Social Popularity.
    Soleymani T; Lo Sicco K; Shapiro J · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2018
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  45. The Association Between Alopecia Areata and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Large-Scale Population-Based Case-Control Study.
    Davidovici B; Drutin Y; Ben-Tov A; Mimouni D; Wohl Y · Journal of personalized medicine · 2026
    Case-control study100,203 participantsHair Health forIron
  46. Iron Deficiency and Nonscarring Alopecia in Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Treister-Goltzman Y; Yarza S; Peleg R · Skin appendage disorders · 2022
    Meta-analysis10,029 participants36 studies pooledHair Health forIron
  47. Comparative Analysis of Postoperative Hair Loss and Micronutrient Deficiencies After One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Versus Sleeve Gastrectomy.
    Chinisaz F; Maleki T; Najjari K; Miratashi Yazdi SA · Obesity surgery · 2026
    Cohort study261 participantsHair Health forIron
  48. Assessment of Serum Ferritin Levels in Female Patients With Telogen Effluvium.
    Thamotharan N; Harikumar MV; Sundaram M; Swaminathan A; Rangarajan S · Cureus · 2026
    Cross-sectional study100 participantsHair Health forIron
  49. Diagnosis and treatment of female alopecia: Focusing on the iron deficiency-related alopecia.
    Lin CS; Chan LY; Wang JH; Chang CH · Tzu chi medical journal · 2023
    Cohort study155 participantsHair Health forIron
  50. Beyond Efficacy: 0.6% Selenium Disulfide Shampoo Matches 2% Ketoconazole for Seborrheic Dermatitis with Superior Cosmesis.
    Farris PK; Barbosa V; Houshman EB; Kovylkina N · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2026
    Randomized trial87 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  51. Selenium Disulfide-based shampoo applied for 4 weeks significantly improves dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
    Turcu G; Artenie C; Nowicka D; Arenbergerová M; Lazaridou E; Khobzei K; Ataseven A; Part M; Leclerc-Mercier S · European journal of dermatology : EJD · 2023
    Observational study1,407 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  52. A Comparative Randomized Clinical Study Assessing the Efficacy of a 1% Selenium Disulfide-Based Shampoo versus 2% Ketoconazole Shampoo in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis.
    Barbosa V; Melo DF; Vañó-Galván S; Lutchmanen-Kolanthan V; Sant'Anna B; Leclerc-Mercier S; Reygagne P · Skin appendage disorders · 2025
    Randomized trial64 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  53. Changes of serum trace elements level in patients with alopecia areata: A meta-analysis.
    Jin W; Zheng H; Shan B; Wu Y · The Journal of dermatology · 2018
    Meta-analysis764 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  54. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; de Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Peláez C; Pentieva K; Siani A; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Aggett P; Crous Bou M; Cubadda F; Ciccolallo L; de Sesmaisons Lecarré A; Fabiani L; Titz A; Naska A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023
    Systematic reviewHair Health forSelenium
  55. Management of hair loss associated with endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer: an overview.
    Karatas F; Sahin S; Sever AR; Altundag K · SpringerPlus · 2016
    Narrative reviewHair Health forVitamin C
  56. Elucidating causal relationships of diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of non-scarring alopecia: A Mendelian randomization study.
    Ba Y; Shen L; Peng X; Zhang Y; Wang J · Medicine · 2024
    Methods validation study201,019 participantsHair Health forVitamin C
  57. Alterations of plasma antioxidants and mitochondrial DNA mutation in hair follicles of smokers.
    Liu CS; Chen HW; Lii CK; Tsai CS; Kuo CL; Wei YH · Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2002
    Observational studyHair Health forVitamin C
  58. Removal of synthetic hair dye using formamidine sulfinic acid and other sulfinate precursors.
    Hawkes JA; Lewis DM; Mama J; Murray J · International journal of cosmetic science · 2026
    Methods validation studyHair Health forVitamin C
  59. A Zinc Sulphate-Resistant Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Patient with a Novel Mutation in SLC39A4 Gene.
    Kilic M; Taskesen M; Coskun T; Gürakan F; Tokatli A; Sivri HS; Dursun A; Schmitt S; Küry S · JIMD reports · 2013
    Case reportHair Health forVitamin C
  60. Increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Lee S; Kim BJ; Lee CH; Lee WS · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2018
    Meta-analysis2,039 participants14 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  61. Intralesional vitamin D3 in treatment of alopecia areata: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
    Rashad AF; Elgamal E; Fouda I · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2022
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  62. Vitamin D and its Analogs in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Alopecia Areata: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Alsaati AA; Kaliyadan F; Alsaadoun D; Alzakry LM; Alzabadin RA; Hakami TH; Rubaian NFB · Indian dermatology online journal · 2025
    Meta-analysisHair Health forVitamin D
  63. Topical calcipotriol vs narrowband ultraviolet B in treatment of alopecia areata: a randomized-controlled trial.
    El Taieb MA; Hegazy EM; Ibrahim HM; Osman AB; Abualhamd M · Archives of dermatological research · 2020
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  64. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D in non-scarring alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chen Y; Dong X; Wang Y; Li Y; Xiong L; Li L · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2024
    Meta-analysis10,670 participants23 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  65. The effects of minoxidil, 1% pyrithione zinc and a combination of both on hair density: a randomized controlled trial.
    Berger RS; Fu JL; Smiles KA; Turner CB; Schnell BM; Werchowski KM; Lammers KM · The British journal of dermatology · 2003
    Randomized trial200 participantsHair Health forZinc
  66. Incubatory environment of the scalp impacts pre-emergent hair to affect post-emergent hair cuticle integrity.
    Schwartz JR; Henry JP; Kerr KM; Flagler MJ; Page SH; Redman-Furey N · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2018
    Randomized trialHair Health forZinc
  67. A comparison of hair quality and cosmetic acceptance following the use of two anti-dandruff shampoos.
    Draelos ZD; Kenneally DC; Hodges LT; Billhimer W; Copas M; Margraf C · The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings · 2006
    Randomized trial40 participantsHair Health forZinc
  68. BMI and levels of zinc, copper in hair, serum and urine of Turkish male patients with androgenetic alopecia.
    Ozturk P; Kurutas E; Ataseven A; Dokur N; Gumusalan Y; Gorur A; Tamer L; Inaloz S · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2015
    Case-control study216 participantsHair Health forZinc
  69. Analysis of serum zinc and copper concentrations in hair loss.
    Kil MS; Kim CW; Kim SS · Annals of dermatology · 2013
    Case-control study342 participantsHair Health forZinc
  70. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  71. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  72. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  73. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  74. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  75. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  76. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  77. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  78. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  79. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  80. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
    Martineau AR; Jolliffe DA; Greenberg L; Aloia JF; Bergman P; Dubnov-Raz G; Esposito S; Ganmaa D; Ginde AA; Goodall EC; Grant CC; Janssens W; Jensen ME; Kerley CP; Laaksi I; Manaseki-Holland S; Mauger D; Murdoch DR; Neale R; Rees JR; Simpson S; Stelmach I; Trilok Kumar G; Urashima M; Camargo CA; Griffiths CJ; Hooper RL · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020
    Meta-analysis11,321 participants25 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  81. Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Zhu Z; Zhu X; Gu L; Zhan Y; Chen L; Li X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis4,859 participants10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  82. Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash.
    Ernst MK; Evans ST; Techner JM; Rothbaum RM; Christensen LF; Onay UV; Biyashev D; Demczuk MM; Nguyen CV; Honda KS; McCormick TS; Tsoi LC; Gudjonsson JE; Cooper KD; Lu KQ · JCI insight · 2023
    Randomized trial28 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  83. Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
    Bychinin MV; Klypa TV; Mandel IA; Yusubalieva GM; Baklaushev VP; Kolyshkina NA; Troitsky AV · Scientific reports · 2022
    Randomized trial110 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  84. Current opinion on the role of vitamin D supplementation in respiratory infections and asthma/COPD exacerbations: A need to establish publication guidelines for overcoming the unpublished data.
    Anitua E; Tierno R; Alkhraisat MH · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022
    Meta-analysis50,554 participants65 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  85. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  86. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  87. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  88. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  89. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  90. Biotin for the treatment of nail disease: what is the evidence?
    Lipner SR; Scher RK · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2018
    Narrative reviewNail Health forBiotin
  91. Treatment of brittle fingernails and onychoschizia with biotin: scanning electron microscopy.
    Colombo VE; Gerber F; Bronhofer M; Floersheim GL · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 1991
    Other32 participantsNail Health forBiotin
  92. Treatment of brittle nail with a hydroxypropyl chitosan-based lacquer, alone or in combination with oral biotin: A randomized, assessor-blinded trial.
    Chiavetta A; Mazzurco S; Secolo MP; Tomarchio G; Milani M · Dermatologic therapy · 2020
    Randomized trial50 participantsNail Health forBiotin
  93. Vitamins and minerals: their role in nail health and disease.
    Scheinfeld N; Dahdah MJ; Scher R · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2007
    Narrative reviewNail Health forBiotin Nail Health forIron Nail Health forZinc
  94. A pilot iron substitution programme in female blood donors with iron deficiency without anaemia.
    Pittori C; Buser A; Gasser UE; Sigle J; Job S; Rüesch M; Tichelli A; Infanti L · Vox sanguinis · 2011
    Non-randomized trial224 participantsNail Health forIron
  95. Evaluation of nail abnormalities.
    Tully AS; Trayes KP; Studdiford JS · American family physician · 2013
    Narrative reviewNail Health forIron
  96. Efficacy and tolerability of a biomineral formulation for treatment of onychoschizia: a randomized trial
    Adele Sparavigna, Beatrice Tenconi, Laura La Penna · Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · 2019
    Randomized trial48 participantsNail Health forIron
  97. Acute selenium toxicity associated with a dietary supplement.
    MacFarquhar JK; Broussard DL; Melstrom P; Hutchinson R; Wolkin A; Martin C; Burk RF; Dunn JR; Green AL; Hammond R; Schaffner W; Jones TF · Archives of internal medicine · 2010
    Observational study201 participantsNail Health forSelenium
  98. Vitamin C Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Forgotten Micronutrient.
    Dunleavy KA; Ungaro RC; Manning L; Gold S; Novak J; Colombel JF · Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2023
    Other20 participantsNail Health forVitamin C