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Stress B-Complex Caps

Twinlab
4.7
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(439 ratings)
Vitamin B6 40 mg
PABA 50 mg
Thiamin 50 mg
Riboflavin 50 mg
Vitamin B5 36 mg
Vitamin C 1000 mg
Choline 40 mg
Product Image
Score75
Very broad coverage is useful, but high vitamin C, B6, and niacin plus basic forms make the formula less balanced for everyday use.
How scoring works
Quantity:250 Capsule(s) • (125 servings)
Goals:
Immunity
General Health
Energy
Skin Health

Score 75

Very broad coverage is useful, but high vitamin C, B6, and niacin plus basic forms make the formula less balanced for everyday use.
How scoring works
$34.15($0.27 per serving)
Vitacost
$ 37.57
iHerb
$ 34.15
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Analysis

The formula supplies all core B vitamins along with 1,000 mg of vitamin C, creating a broad nutrient profile for normal energy metabolism and antioxidant support. Choline and inositol add some breadth, although neither is present in a large amount.

Several forms are conventional or unspecified, including pyridoxine hydrochloride, cyanocobalamin, folate, and riboflavin. Active amounts are clear, but the missing form detail makes quality harder to judge.

Vitamin B6 at 40 mg, niacin at 70 mg, and vitamin C at 1,000 mg may be more than some users want in a daily product. A lower-dose option would be easier to use for long-term maintenance and may be gentler on digestion.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a high-potency B-complex with vitamin C
  • People comfortable taking two capsules per serving
Best for
  • Broad B-vitamin coverage
  • High-dose vitamin C alongside B vitamins

Pros

  • Includes all core B vitamins
  • Provides vitamin C
  • Clearly listed active amounts
  • Includes choline and inositol

Cons

  • Several nutrient forms are unspecified
  • Uses conventional B6 and B12
  • Two capsules per serving
  • Dose pattern may be excessive for routine needs

Warnings

  • Vitamin C at 1,000 mg may cause stomach upset or loose stools in sensitive users.
  • Vitamin B6 is supplied as 40 mg of pyridoxine hydrochloride; prolonged use calls for attention to combined B6 intake and nerve symptoms such as tingling or numbness.
  • Niacin at 70 mg may cause flushing or digestive discomfort depending on individual tolerance.

Nutrient quality

70 High impact

Substantial vitamin amounts and broad coverage support the intended use. Conventional forms and aggressive vitamin C and pyridoxine amounts reduce balance.

Ingredient transparency

82 Highest impact

Every listed active has a stated amount and no hidden blend appears. The multi-capsule serving is inferable, but excipients and daily-use directions are missing.

Customer satisfaction

66 High impact

The average rating is strong, with a moderate evidence base behind it. No specific feedback is supplied to judge repeated complaints or alignment with the intended use.

Value for money

79 High impact

A substantial supply provides reasonable cost efficiency. Conventional forms keep the formula from standing out against more refined competitors.

Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Immunity
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitA- Strength of SupportC CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 1000 mg

A large vitamin C amount provides clear antioxidant and immune-cell support within this stress-oriented B complex. The B vitamins mainly support energy metabolism and do not substantially broaden direct immune coverage.

The formula is transparent and focused, with no proprietary herbs or speculative immune compounds. High long-term vitamin B6 intake deserves care, while the immune benefit remains concentrated almost entirely in vitamin C.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageA- Formula Quality
Folate · 667 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 50 mcgVitamin C · 1000 mg

A concentrated B-complex with vitamin C gives focused support for energy metabolism and antioxidant needs. Every active amount is clearly listed, and the combination is logically constructed.

Coverage is narrower than a complete general-health formula because major minerals, vitamin D, and essential fats are absent. The daily vitamin B6 and niacin amounts are high enough to make prolonged routine use less broadly suitable.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Energy
Energy
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitC Strength of SupportC CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin B5 · 36 mgRiboflavin · 50 mgThiamin · 50 mgVitamin B12 · 50 mcg

The concentrated B-complex supports normal metabolic energy production through thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, and pantothenic acid. It does not include caffeine, creatine, adaptogens, or meaningful magnesium for broader energy effects.

B12 is modest and supplied as cyanocobalamin, while several other B vitamins are present at high amounts. Long-term stacking with other high-B6 products is best avoided.

Study evidence
Riboflavin Mixed 6 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
High effect
C+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportC- CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 1000 mg

A substantial vitamin C amount can support normal collagen synthesis and antioxidant defense. Riboflavin and pantothenic acid add limited support for tissue maintenance and the skin barrier.

No collagen, hydration active, vitamin E, zinc, copper, or fatty acids broaden the skin pathway coverage. The product is primarily a stress-oriented B complex with one strong skin-relevant nutrient.

Study evidence
Riboflavin Supportive 2 studies
Vitamin B5 Supportive 11 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Metabolism Boost
Metabolic B-Vitamins
Metabolism Boost
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportC- CoverageB Formula Quality
Biotin · 100 mcgNiacin · 70 mg NEVitamin B12 · 50 mcgRiboflavin · 50 mgThiamin · 50 mgVitamin B5 · 36 mgVitamin B6 · 40 mg

High-potency B vitamins support normal cellular energy pathways but do not directly increase energy expenditure. The formula offers stronger cofactor depth than a basic multivitamin while omitting thermogenic, thyroid, and glycemic actives.

Forms and amounts are mostly clear, though several vitamins use standard forms that require conversion. Long-term daily vitamin B6 at the listed level may increase nerve-injury risk, especially when combined with other B6 products.

Study evidence
Niacin Supportive 17 studies
Riboflavin Mixed 5 studies
Thiamin Supportive 11 studies
Vitamin B6 Supportive 16 studies
Detoxification
Detoxification
Impact
Moderate effect
D- Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportD+ CoverageB Formula Quality
Folate · 667 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 50 mcgVitamin B6 · 40 mgVitamin C · 1000 mgCholine · 40 mgRiboflavin · 50 mg

Vitamin C and B vitamins support antioxidant defense, methylation, and normal enzyme activity involved in metabolic clearance. The product is still a stress-oriented B complex without molybdenum, selenium, NAC, milk thistle, or another direct liver-support active.

The vitamin C amount is substantial, but choline is small and most B vitamins use conventional forms. Its compact formula avoids botanical clutter while offering only moderate detoxification breadth and depth.

Study evidence
Choline Supportive 6 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 9 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
Moderate effect
D Goal FitC- Strength of SupportF CoverageB- Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 1000 mg

High vitamin C provides meaningful antioxidant support, while B vitamins mainly support general stress metabolism. The formula lacks vitamin D, omega-three fats, or direct anti-inflammatory botanicals.

Amounts are clear, but vitamin C is ordinary ascorbic acid and several B vitamins use basic precursor forms. The high B6 amount may increase nerve-symptom risk with prolonged use or stacking.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 1000 mg
Thiamine (Thiamine Mononitrate)
 50 mg
Riboflavin
50 mg
Niacin (Niacinamide)
 70 mg NE
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 40 mg
Folate
667 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
 50 mcg
Biotin
100 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (Calcium D-Pantothenate)
 36 mg
Choline (Choline Bitartrate)
 40 mg
PABA
50 mg
Inositol
100 mg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) · 40 mg OverallScore86
C+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is paired with riboflavin, providing conversion support without the directness of active P-5-P. The B6 amount is well aligned with the intended range, and a two-capsule serving is practical. A low per-serving cost makes the broad B-complex economical despite the less desirable B6 form.

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PABA · 50 mg OverallScore82
A Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value

The clearly named 50 mg PABA dose fits the usual high-potency B-complex range, though no pharmaceutical-grade or high-purity claim is provided. Immediate release is suitable at this amount, and separate labeling makes the dose easy to verify. Cost efficiency is weak, while no targeted undesirable additives are listed.

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Thiamin (Thiamine Mononitrate) · 50 mg OverallScore76
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value

Thiamine mononitrate provides a clearly identified standard form and the dose reaches the high-potency range. Full dose disclosure supports easy comparison with other B-complex products. Even with a low serving cost, its cost per active thiamin amount is not especially efficient.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
81 Performance

Activated B-Complex High Bioavailability

Swanson
<p>Methylcobalamin, methylfolate, riboflavin 5-phosphate, pyridoxal 5-phosphate, benfotiamine, and pantethine provide more refined forms. The active forms improve ingredient quality compared with the original’s conventional forms, although vitamin C is absent.</p>
77 Performance

Stress B-Complex

Bluebonnet
<p>Vitamin C and a broad B-complex closely match the original stress formula, though pyridoxine remains high. It preserves vitamin C and all main collections while increasing several stress-oriented nutrients, though high pyridoxine warrants care.</p>
76 Performance

Mega Vitamin B-Stress

Solaray
<p>Vitamin C, broad B-vitamin coverage, choline, inositol, PABA, and bioflavonoids create a close stress-formula match. It preserves every main collection and raises vitamin C and several B vitamins, but the very high pyridoxine amount reduces long-term suitability.</p>
77 Budget

B-50

NOW
<p>Broad B-vitamin dosing, choline, inositol, and PABA come in a large, economical supply. Its serving cost is far lower than the original while retaining most B-complex collections, though it omits vitamin C.</p>
74 Budget

Balance B-50 Complex Comprehensive Formula

Swanson
<p>Broad B-vitamin coverage includes choline, inositol, and PABA at a very low serving cost, though vitamin B6 is unusually small in the supplied data. Its much lower serving cost favors budget use, but the supplied vitamin B6 amount and lack of vitamin C make the formula less complete.</p>
77 Budget

B-50 Complex 50 mg

Source Naturals
<p>Broad B-vitamin coverage, choline, inositol, and PABA come at low serving cost, though folate and pyridoxine are high. Its serving cost is substantially lower while preserving the main non-vitamin-C collections; dose balance is the main trade-off.</p>
77 Value

B-50

NOW
<p>Broad B-vitamin coverage with choline, inositol, and PABA comes at excellent serving value. Its much lower serving cost and similar B-complex breadth improve value, provided vitamin C is obtained elsewhere.</p>
74 Value

Super B-50

NaturesPlus
<p>Methylfolate and methylcobalamin improve form quality while broad B-vitamin, choline, inositol, and PABA coverage stays close to the original. Its lower serving cost and active folate and B12 forms improve the quality-to-cost balance, though vitamin C is absent.</p>
73 Value

B-Complex 50

The Vitamin Shoppe
<p>Methylcobalamin, broad B-vitamin coverage, choline, inositol, and PABA support energy metabolism with somewhat better B12 form quality. Its lower serving cost and methylcobalamin improve value, while high pyridoxine and the lack of vitamin C remain trade-offs.</p>
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Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  2. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  3. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  4. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  5. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  6. Choline and contribution to normal liver function of the foetus and exclusively breastfed infants: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; De Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Pentieva K; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Bresson JL; Fiolet T; Siani A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024
    Guideline / consensusDetoxification forCholine
  7. Adiposity May Moderate the Link Between Choline Intake and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
    Mazidi M; Katsiki N; Mikhailidis DP; Banach M · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · 2020
    Cross-sectional study20,643 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  8. Choline and Choline-Related Metabolites in Pediatric Short Bowel Syndrome.
    Hilberath J; Shunova A; Heister L; Poets CF; Bernhard W · Nutrients · 2026
    Observational study80 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  9. Choline Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis-The Metabolic and Clinical Impact.
    Bernhard W; Lange R; Graepler-Mainka U; Engel C; Machann J; Hund V; Shunova A; Hector A; Riethmüller J · Nutrients · 2019
    Single-arm trial10 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  10. 1H MR Spectroscopy at 3T for Hepatic Choline Quantification in Healthy Young Women: A Translational Imaging Study with Dietary Correlation.
    Hawesa H; Alghamdi R; Allam H; Alfaifi B; Alrabiah N; Alghumaiz M; Shanawani M; Alshegri H; Hassan MG · Current medical imaging · 2026
    Cohort study88 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  11. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates liver function profile and antiviral treatment response in Hepatitis C patients.
    Nayila I; Javed MS; Khan MA; Hussain G; Raza Naqvi SA; Ali S; Jabeen Z; Shahnawaz S; Akram R; Iman T; Hassan Dogar MZ; Malik SA · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Non-randomized trial200 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  12. Effect of ascorbic acid-rich diet on in vivo-induced oxidative stress.
    Alleva R; Di Donato F; Strafella E; Staffolani S; Nocchi L; Borghi B; Pignotti E; Santarelli L; Tomasetti M · The British journal of nutrition · 2012
    Non-randomized trial46 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  13. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults.
    Luo X; Zhang W; He Z; Yang H; Gao J; Wu P; Ma ZF · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Observational study8,307 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  14. Plasma ascorbate deficiency is associated with impaired reduction of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso in HIV infection.
    Trepanier LA; Yoder AR; Bajad S; Beckwith MD; Bellehumeur JL; Graziano FM · Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2005
    Observational studyDetoxification forVitamin C
  15. Roles of endogenous ascorbate and glutathione in the cellular reduction and cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso.
    Lavergne SN; Kurian JR; Bajad SU; Maki JE; Yoder AR; Guzinski MV; Graziano FM; Trepanier LA · Toxicology · 2006
    Clinical trial53 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  16. Physicochemical properties of and volatile compounds in riboflavin fortified cloudy apple juice; study of its effect on job fatigue among Egyptian construction workers.
    Fouad S; Ibrahim GE; Hussein AMS; Ibrahim FA; El Gendy A · Heliyon · 2021
    Non-randomized trialEnergy forRiboflavin
  17. Vitamin B status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Heap LC; Peters TJ; Wessely S · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 1999
    Case-control study30 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  18. B-vitamins, related vitamers, and metabolites in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease and chronic fatigue treated with high dose oral thiamine.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Hansen MM; Ueland P; Dahlerup JF · Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023
    Observational studyEnergy forRiboflavin
  19. Metabolic features of chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Naviaux RK; Naviaux JC; Li K; Bright AT; Alaynick WA; Wang L; Baxter A; Nathan N; Anderson W; Gordon E · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Case-control study84 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  20. Effectiveness of Riboflavin in Inherited Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review
    Bregje Jaeger, Nina N Stolwijk, Femke Aaldering, Charlotte A Ruys, Marije Smits, Nicole I Wolf, Carla E M Hollak, Annet M Bosch · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · 2026
    Systematic review381 studies pooledEnergy Metabolism Boost forRiboflavin
  21. Influence of thiamin supplementation on the health and general well-being of an elderly Irish population with marginal thiamin deficiency.
    Smidt LJ; Cremin FM; Grivetti LE; Clifford AJ · Journal of gerontology · 1991
    Randomized trial80 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  22. Randomised clinical trial: high-dose oral thiamine versus placebo for chronic fatigue in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021
    Randomized trial40 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  23. Dietary reference values for thiamin.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Turck D; Bresson JL; Burlingame B; Dean T; Fairweather-Tait S; Heinonen M; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Nowicka G; Pentieva K; Sanz Y; Siani A; Sjödin A; Stern M; Tomé D; Van Loveren H; Vinceti M; Willatts P; Lamberg-Allardt C; Przyrembel H; Tetens I; Gudelj Rakic J; Ioannidou S; de Sesmaisons-Lecarré A; Forss AC; Neuhäuser-Berthold M · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusEnergy forThiamin
  24. Effects of thiamine supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue.
    Suzuki M; Itokawa Y · Metabolic brain disease · 1996
    Randomized trial16 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  25. Long-term maintenance treatment with 300 mg thiamine for fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from an open-label extension of the TARIF study.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2022
    Randomized trialEnergy forThiamin
  26. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  27. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  28. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  29. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  30. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  31. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  32. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  33. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  34. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  35. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  36. Niacin and contribution to normal energy-yielding metabolism: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusMetabolism Boost forNiacin
  37. Targeted Microbiome Intervention by Microencapsulated Delayed-Release Niacin Beneficially Affects Insulin Sensitivity in Humans.
    Fangmann D; Theismann EM; Türk K; Schulte DM; Relling I; Hartmann K; Keppler JK; Knipp JR; Rehman A; Heinsen FA; Franke A; Lenk L; Freitag-Wolf S; Appel E; Gorb S; Brenner C; Seegert D; Waetzig GH; Rosenstiel P; Schreiber S; Schwarz K; Laudes M · Diabetes care · 2018
    Clinical trialMetabolism Boost forNiacin
  38. The differential impact of three different NAD+ boosters on circulatory NAD and microbial metabolism in humans.
    Christen S; Redeuil K; Goulet L; Giner MP; Breton I; Rota R; Frézal A; Nazari A; Van den Abbeele P; Godin JP; Nutten S; Cuenoud B · Nature metabolism · 2026
    Randomized trial65 participantsMetabolism Boost forNiacin
  39. Effects of extended-release niacin on lipid profile and adipocyte biology in patients with impaired glucose tolerance.
    Linke A; Sonnabend M; Fasshauer M; Höllriegel R; Schuler G; Niebauer J; Stumvoll M; Blüher M · Atherosclerosis · 2009
    Randomized trial30 participantsMetabolism Boost forNiacin
  40. Effect of the antilipolytic nicotinic acid analogue acipimox on whole-body and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
    Vaag A; Skött P; Damsbo P; Gall MA; Richter EA; Beck-Nielsen H · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1991
    Clinical trial12 participantsMetabolism Boost forNiacin
  41. Disorders of flavin adenine dinucleotide metabolism: MADD and related deficiencies.
    Mereis M; Wanders RJA; Schoonen M; Dercksen M; Smuts I; van der Westhuizen FH · The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology · 2024
    Systematic reviewMetabolism Boost forRiboflavin
  42. Anaemia during pregnancy: could riboflavin deficiency be implicated?
    Duffy B; McNulty H; Ward M; Pentieva K · The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · 2026
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forRiboflavin
  43. Effects of riboflavin and folic acid supplementation on plasma homocysteine levels in healthy subjects.
    Chuang CZ; Boyles A; Legardeur B; Su J; Japa S; Lopez-S A · The American journal of the medical sciences · 2006
    Non-randomized trial34 participantsMetabolism Boost forRiboflavin
  44. Riboflavin and riboflavin-derived cofactors in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa.
    Capo-chichi CD; Guéant JL; Lefebvre E; Bennani N; Lorentz E; Vidailhet C; Vidailhet M · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1999
    Clinical trial34 participantsMetabolism Boost forRiboflavin
  45. Neurological, Psychiatric, and Biochemical Aspects of Thiamine Deficiency in Children and Adults.
    Dhir S; Tarasenko M; Napoli E; Giulivi C · Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forThiamin
  46. Plasma vitamin profiles and their associations with metabolic health and mental wellbeing in midlife Asian women.
    Tan KML; Tint MT; Cabral RM; Lau R; Kee MZL; Garg V; De Iorio M; Tan SSL; Eriksson JG · Scientific reports · 2026
    Cohort study662 participantsMetabolism Boost forThiamin
  47. High-resolution plasma metabolomics and thiamine status in critically Ill adult patients.
    Gundogan K; Nellis MM; Ozer NT; Ergul SS; Sahin GG; Temel S; Yuksel RC; Teeny S; Alvarez JA; Sungur M; Jones DP; Ziegler TR · Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2024
    Cross-sectional study76 participantsMetabolism Boost forThiamin
  48. Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of beriberi after gastric surgery.
    Wilson RB · Nutrition reviews · 2021
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forThiamin
  49. Red blood cell transketolase activity and the effect of thiamine supplementation in patients with chronic liver disease.
    Rossouw JE; Labadarios D; Krasner N; Davis M; Williams R · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 1978
    Single-arm trialMetabolism Boost forThiamin
  50. Plasma vitamin B6 vitamers before and after oral vitamin B6 treatment: a randomized placebo-controlled study.
    Bor MV; Refsum H; Bisp MR; Bleie Ø; Schneede J; Nordrehaug JE; Ueland PM; Nygard OK; Nexø E · Clinical chemistry · 2003
    Randomized trial90 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  51. Dietary one-carbon metabolism nutrients and risk of MASLD progression: a prospective cohort study.
    Shen L; Wang K; Li R; Li Y; Guo Y; Li F; Yuan J; Yang Z; Xia B; Lin X · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
    Cohort study46,800 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  52. Associations of Vitamin B6 Intake and Plasma Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate with Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in US Older Adults: Findings from NHANES 2003-2004.
    Kim H; Enrione EB; Narayanan V; Li T; Campa A · Nutrients · 2022
    Cross-sectional study461 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  53. Influence of oral contraceptives, pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and tryptophan on carbohydrate metabolism.
    Adams PW; Wynn V; Folkard J; Seed M · Lancet (London, England) · 1976
    Clinical trial46 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  54. Effect of oral contraceptives and vitamin B6 deficiency on carbohydrate metabolism.
    Rose DP; Leklem JE; Brown RR; Linkswiler HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1975
    Clinical trialMetabolism Boost forVitamin B6
  55. Protective effects of B vitamins and antioxidants on the risk of arsenic-related skin lesions in Bangladesh.
    Zablotska LB; Chen Y; Graziano JH; Parvez F; van Geen A; Howe GR; Ahsan H · Environmental health perspectives · 2008
    Cross-sectional study10,628 participantsSkin Health forRiboflavin
  56. Effect of intake of selected nutrients on skin firmness and elasticity in women.
    Podgórska A; Kicman A; Naliwajko S; Wacewicz-Muczyńska M; Niczyporuk M · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cross-sectional study59 participantsSkin Health forRiboflavin
  57. Dexpanthenol enhances skin barrier repair and reduces inflammation after sodium lauryl sulphate-induced irritation.
    Proksch E; Nissen HP · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2009
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  58. Comparative trial of 5% dexpanthenol in water-in-oil formulation with 1% hydrocortisone ointment in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis: a pilot study.
    Udompataikul M; Limpa-o-vart D · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2012
    Non-randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  59. Panthenyl triacetate transformation, stimulation of metabolic pathways, and wound-healing properties in the human skin.
    Dell'Acqua G; Schweikert K · Journal of cosmetic science · 2012
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  60. Dexpanthenol modulates gene expression in skin wound healing in vivo.
    Heise R; Skazik C; Marquardt Y; Czaja K; Sebastian K; Kurschat P; Gan L; Denecke B; Ekanayake-Bohlig S; Wilhelm KP; Merk HF; Baron JM · Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2013
    Clinical trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  61. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a novel pantothenic Acid-based dietary supplement in subjects with mild to moderate facial acne.
    Yang M; Moclair B; Hatcher V; Kaminetsky J; Mekas M; Chapas A; Capodice J · Dermatology and therapy · 2014
    Randomized trial48 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  62. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  63. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  64. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  65. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  66. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C