Spark

Spark

Eu Natural4.2 (2,056 ratings)
Format:Capsule Quantity: 60 Capsule(s) · 30 servings
Goals
$24.99 $0.83 per serving

About this product

Support for normal nutrition is clearer than a targeted thyroid or energy effect. B vitamins contribute to using energy from food, while iodine supports normal thyroid hormone production when intake is low. Extra nutrients do not establish faster calorie burning or an immediate boost in concentration.

Vitamin D3, methylfolate and selenomethionine are identified, but the 604 mg thyroid complex leaves individual contributions unresolved. Iodine comes from kelp and potassium iodide without clear source proportions, and the kelp sourcing details are incomplete. Ashwagandha and tyrosine findings also remain unresolved, so their presence and useful individual amounts cannot be assumed from the blend name.

The listed 4,000 IU vitamin D is substantial without establishing greater benefit. Zinc is listed at 22.5 mg alongside only 0.5 mg copper, while 80 mg magnesium makes a relatively small contribution. The relatively high cost and unresolved blend make it harder to justify for a narrow nutrient need.

Who is it for
  • Adults with identified B-vitamin, iodine or other dietary gaps
  • People who can verify the iodine sources and full thyroid-complex contents
Best for
  • Supporting normal energy metabolism through nutrition
  • Adding iodine when dietary intake is insufficient

Pros

  • Methylfolate and vitamin D3 have clearly named forms
  • Selenium is identified as selenomethionine
  • Zinc and copper amounts are both disclosed

Cons

  • The thyroid complex does not reveal individual ingredient amounts
  • Iodine source proportions and kelp sourcing details are unclear
  • The zinc amount is large relative to the disclosed copper amount
  • The magnesium contribution is limited
  • Relatively high cost for isolated nutrient needs

Warnings

  • The listed 4,000 IU vitamin D adds substantially to vitamin D from other supplements; check the combined amount before stacking them.
  • Iodine appears under two source entries, but the findings identify a shared amount; verify the total rather than treating the entries as separate full doses.

Product analysis

56 out of 100

Spark can help fill nutritional gaps that affect normal metabolism, blood formation and immune function. Its undisclosed blend makes the added ingredients harder to assess.

AI assessment of the formula, label and price. How scoring works

Nutrient Quality67

Several key nutrients use favorable identified forms, including vitamin D, folate, zinc, selenium, copper and chromium. The iodine proportions and blend contents are undisclosed, while comparative quality remains uncertain for some supporting nutrients.

Ingredient Transparency78

All declared amounts and nearly all forms are disclosed, making much of the serving easy to compare. The iodine proportions and the full blend contents remain undisclosed.

Value For Money32

Several nutrients offer limited value, including relatively costly selenium, chromium and riboflavin amounts. Iodine offers moderate value, while value for some accompanying vitamins remains uncertain.

Customer Satisfaction74

Customer ratings are generally positive. A substantial review base gives that feedback broad support.

Product Focus17

The clearest role is supporting normal functions when nutrient intake is low. The 100 mcg vitamin D serving is substantial and does not establish greater benefit or personal suitability.

Format
Capsule
Container
60 Capsule(s)
Per serving
$0.83
Customer rating
4.2 · 2,056 ratings
Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Impact
Highest effect
B- Ingredient FitA+ PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Magnesium · 80 mgZinc · 22.5 mgVitamin D · 4000 IUSelenium · 140 mcg

Zinc and vitamin D provide nutrients used in normal immune-cell function, with selenium, folate, B6, B12 and copper adding nutritional contributions. Their value mainly concerns low intake, without establishing additional infection prevention when intake is adequate. The selected serving contains 100 mcg vitamin D, a substantial amount whose retained contribution does not establish greater benefit or suitability. The smaller magnesium amount is not independently counted.

How this product is rated for Immunity

Ingredient fit71

Zinc is a relevant contributor alongside the other counted ingredients. Their nutritional roles or limited regular-use evidence do not establish general infection prevention.
Goal fit
Relevant immune nutrients sit alongside additional actives that do not establish a contribution to this goal.
Dose adequacy
The counted amounts meet the saved comparison; substantial nutrient amounts do not establish larger immune benefits or a repeated daily regimen.

Pathways100

Lymphocyte function is the strongest association. The broader findings span normal barriers, lymphocyte function, oxidative and inflammatory balance.
Depth
lymphocyte function is the strongest association in the saved findings; this is not a prediction of protection against infection.
Breadth
normal barriers, lymphocyte function, oxidative and inflammatory balance meet the breadth comparison; coverage describes ingredient roles rather than clinical protection.

Evidence100

Zinc supplies an established normal-function nutrient; additional infection prevention with adequate intake is not established.
Evidence strength
Zinc supplies an established normal-function nutrient; additional infection prevention with adequate intake is not established.
Studied preparation
The counted preparations meet the saved preparation finding; no added clinical benefit from buffered, liposomal or named salt forms is established.

Formulation logic100

The counted ingredients meet the amount and partner checks, with no evaluated ingredient conflict triggered. This does not establish synergy or overall suitability.
Partner coverage
Every counted ingredient works independently or has its required partner; this does not establish extra benefit from combining them.
Conflicts
None of the evaluated combinations triggered a conflict finding; this does not establish overall suitability.
Effective doses
All independently counted ingredients meet the amount check; smaller present ingredients may be outside this finding.
Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 8 studies
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Impact
Highest effect
A- Ingredient FitA+ PathwaysB+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Folate · 400 mcgVitamin B12 · 120 mcgVitamin D · 4000 IUMagnesium · 80 mgSelenium · 140 mcgZinc · 22.5 mg

B vitamins contribute to normal energy metabolism, while folate and B12 support blood formation. Vitamin D contributes to bone and mineral nutrition; zinc and selenium contribute to normal defence functions, and iodine can help fill a dietary gap. These roles do not establish added benefit above adequate intake. Ashwagandha’s presence and amount remain unresolved in the imported facts despite a retained source declaration.

How this product is rated for Everyday Health

Ingredient fit86

The useful contributions vary in size; Magnesium fell below the saved inclusion threshold.
Goal fit
The relevant ingredients give this formula a focused connection to the supplied general-health roles.
Dose adequacy
The useful contributions vary in size; Magnesium fell below the minimum amount used in these findings.

Pathways100

The strongest contribution concerns normal energy metabolism. Other meaningful coverage is limited to the named nutrient roles.
Depth
The strongest finding concerns normal energy metabolism, based on the relevant ingredients and their supplied amounts.
Breadth
Meaningful coverage extends to normal energy metabolism, blood formation and related metabolism, bone and mineral nutrition, normal antioxidant and immune functions.

Evidence82

Vitamin B9 (Folate) provides the leading evidence contribution. Nutritional functions and the saved preparation findings do not establish broad health improvements above adequate intake.
Evidence strength
Vitamin B9 (Folate) leads the evidence contribution; its nutrient role does not establish extra benefit above adequate intake.
Studied preparation
The included preparations meet the preparation criteria; this does not establish superiority of a particular form.

Formulation logic100

The included ingredients can contribute without a missing required partner, and no configured conflict was found. Their amounts pass the saved minimum contribution check.
Partner coverage
The included ingredients can contribute independently or have their required partners; no extra benefit from combining them is established.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied facts.
Effective doses
The included amounts all meet the minimum amount used in these findings; that threshold is not a proven clinical dose.
Study evidence
Folate Supportive 80 studies
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Impact
High effect
C Ingredient FitD+ PathwaysA EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Magnesium · 80 mgZinc · 22.5 mgVitamin D · 4000 IU

Zinc can help restore testosterone when low zinc status contributes to reduced hormone production; extra benefit in zinc-replete men is not established. Magnesium findings come from small studies with specific exercise or dosing conditions, limiting expectations for routine use. Vitamin D findings include initially deficient men, but a healthy-men trial found no testosterone effect. Selenium and vitamin E findings mainly concern selected infertility settings rather than general testosterone enhancement. Ashwagandha’s imported identity and individual amount remain unresolved.

How this product is rated for Testosterone Support

Ingredient fit62

Zinc provides a recognized connection to this goal. The formula also contains ingredients directed toward other uses.
Goal fit
Hormone-related ingredients are part of a broader formula containing ingredients aimed at other uses.
Dose adequacy
Declared serving amounts support the comparison, while small or unresolved amounts limit individual contributions.

Pathways50

Testicular testosterone synthesis is the strongest represented area. This finding describes a connection rather than a demonstrated hormone increase.
Depth
Testicular testosterone synthesis is the strongest represented area, without independently proving an effect on testosterone.
Breadth
One direct hormone area reaches the coverage threshold, so the represented range remains concentrated.

Evidence91

Zinc leads the evidence finding. Its strongest relevant role is correcting low zinc status.
Evidence strength
Zinc leads this finding, but its benefit is most relevant with low zinc status.
Studied preparation
Vitamin B6 does not match the studied-preparation requirement; the other qualifying preparations are recognized.

Formulation logic100

The recognized ingredients meet the supplied partner criteria, and no specified conflict was matched. This does not establish an added benefit from combining ingredients.
Partner coverage
The recognized ingredients can contribute independently or have their required partner; no extra combination benefit is established.
Conflicts
No specified ingredient conflict was matched in the supplied findings.
Effective doses
All recognized ingredients meet the amount threshold used for comparison; that threshold is not proof of a testosterone effect.
Study evidence
Magnesium Disputed 5 studies
Selenium No effect 16 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 56 studies
Zinc Disputed 7 studies
Impact
High effect
B- Ingredient FitF PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Niacin · 10 mgVitamin B12 · 120 mcgRiboflavin · 17 mgThiamin · 15 mgVitamin B5 · 10 mgVitamin B6 · 10 mgVitamin D · 4000 IUZinc · 22.5 mgMagnesium · 80 mg

B vitamins help the body use energy from food through normal enzyme functions. Extra amounts do not establish faster calorie burning when intake is adequate. Iodine supplies thyroid hormone production, with a potential contribution when low intake limits thyroid function.

How this product is rated for Metabolism Support

Ingredient fit74

The formula mainly supplies nutrients involved in ordinary metabolism. Its saved amount findings should not be interpreted as proof of extra calorie burning.
Goal fit
The formula includes ingredients for other purposes, so its focus extends beyond increasing energy expenditure.
Dose adequacy
The counted amounts provide only partial coverage of the saved comparison range.

Pathways5

The main assigned connection concerns insulin-related metabolism; this is distinct from demonstrating increased calorie burning.
Depth
The main assigned connection concerns insulin-related metabolism; this is distinct from demonstrating increased calorie burning.
Breadth
No pathway reaches the saved breadth requirement.

Evidence100

Thiamin leads the saved evidence finding, but normal nutrient functions do not establish extra calorie burning.
Evidence strength
Thiamin leads the saved evidence finding, but normal nutrient functions do not establish extra calorie burning.
Studied preparation
The counted preparations match the saved comparison; that match alone does not prove a metabolism boost.

Formulation logic100

No required partner is missing and no configured conflict was matched. The counted ingredients meet the saved amount requirement.
Partner coverage
No missing required partner reduces the counted ingredients’ contribution; this does not establish added benefit from combining them.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was matched.
Effective doses
The counted ingredients meet the saved amount requirement, which is a comparison threshold rather than a proven effective dose.
Study evidence
Chromium Supportive 47 studies
Iodine Mixed 17 studies
Magnesium Supportive 61 studies
Niacin Supportive 17 studies
Selenium Mixed 28 studies
Thiamin Supportive 11 studies
Vitamin B6 Supportive 16 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 65 studies
Zinc Supportive 12 studies
Hair Health
Impact
High effect
C+ Ingredient FitC- PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Vitamin D · 4000 IUZinc · 22.5 mg

Zinc can help address deficiency-related diffuse shedding, with no established regrowth advantage when zinc intake is adequate. Ashwagandha's label and imported facts remain unresolved, so its preparation-specific hair findings cannot be transferred here. The broader nutrient mixture does not establish additional independent hair outcomes.

How this product is rated for Hair Health

Ingredient fit65

Hair-related ingredients sit alongside components intended for broader nutritional goals. The qualifying amounts provide a partial match to the saved reference ranges; unresolved amounts contribute no known exposure.
Goal fit
Hair-related ingredients sit alongside components intended for broader nutritional goals.
Dose adequacy
The qualifying amounts provide a partial match to the saved reference ranges; unresolved amounts contribute no known exposure.

Pathways55

Follicle antioxidant protection is the leading represented area; this does not establish a measured hair outcome. One biological area reaches the saved comparison's coverage level, leaving the other areas below it.
Depth
Follicle antioxidant protection is the leading represented area; this does not establish a measured hair outcome.
Breadth
One biological area reaches the saved comparison's coverage level, leaving the other areas below it.

Evidence97

Zinc leads the saved evidence comparison; the supplied limits on hair outcomes still apply.
Evidence strength
Zinc leads the saved evidence comparison; the supplied limits on hair outcomes still apply.
Studied preparation
Iodine does not match a reviewed preparation; the remaining qualifying ingredients match the saved preparation criteria.

Formulation logic97

No specified conflict or missing required partner was identified. Vitamin D does not meet the saved amount criterion; the other counted ingredients do. This does not establish clinical effectiveness.
Partner coverage
No required partner is missing among the ingredients considered.
Conflicts
None of the specified ingredient conflicts was identified.
Effective doses
Vitamin D does not meet the saved amount criterion; the other counted ingredients do. This does not establish clinical effectiveness.
Study evidence
Copper Adverse 4 studies
Folate Mixed 15 studies
Iodine No effect 1 study
Niacin Disputed 2 studies
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Vitamin D Disputed 34 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies
Impact
High effect
B- Ingredient FitF PathwaysA EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Iodine · 150 mcgVitamin D · 4000 IUVitamin B5 · 10 mgMagnesium · 80 mgRiboflavin · 17 mgThiamin · 15 mgVitamin B12 · 120 mcg

Riboflavin, niacin, folate, vitamin B6 and pantothenic acid can help address tiredness caused by low intake or deficiency. These normal nutrient roles do not establish extra energy when intake is adequate. Magnesium and vitamin B12 fall below the saved amount requirement; ashwagandha and tyrosine remain unresolved. Unresolved source and inventory facts do not establish an additional botanical benefit.

How this product is rated for Energy

Ingredient fit72

Vitamin D is the leading retained contributor within the formula's nutritional roles. Amounts contribute at differing levels.
Goal fit
Vitamin D is the leading retained contributor within the formula's nutritional roles.
Dose adequacy
Magnesium and vitamin B12 fall below the saved amount requirement; ashwagandha and tyrosine remain unresolved.

Pathways0

No configured energy area receives a direct contribution; correction of nutrient-deficiency tiredness remains a separate role.
Depth
No configured energy area receives a direct contribution; nutrient-deficiency correction remains distinct.
Breadth
No area reaches the saved coverage requirement.

Evidence94

Vitamin D supplies the leading saved evidence contribution. Its specific nutritional, population or preparation limitations constrain expected benefit.
Evidence strength
Vitamin D supplies the leading saved evidence contribution, without establishing unconditional improvement in everyday energy.
Studied preparation
Iodine does not meet the studied-preparation check; the other retained contributors meet it.

Formulation logic100

The retained contributors need no missing partner under the supplied checks. No configured conflict was found.
Partner coverage
The retained contributors need no additional partner under the supplied checks; no extra combination benefit is established.
Conflicts
No configured conflict was found; the supplied checks do not assess every possible interaction.
Effective doses
Every retained contributor reaches the saved minimum amount condition; this is distinct from demonstrating an effective fatigue-treatment regimen.
Study evidence
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Magnesium Supportive 4 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 32 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per servingScore
Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol)
4000 IU 70
Thiamine (Thiamine Hydrochloride)
15 mg 68
Riboflavin
17 mg 40
Niacin (Niacinamide)
10 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
10 mg
Folate (L-Methylfolate)
400 mcg 84
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)
120 mcg 59
Pantothenic Acid (Calcium Pantothenate)
10 mg
Iodine (Kelp, Potassium Iodide)
150 mcg 67
Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)
80 mg
Zinc (Zinc Aspartate)
22.5 mg 67
Selenium (L-Selenomethionine)
140 mcg 77
Manganese (Manganese Bisglycinate)
1 mg
Copper (Copper Bisglycinate)
0.5 mg 58
Chromium (Chromium Polynicotinate)
120 mcg 47
Spark Thyroid Complex
604 mg
Gluten Free Adults 18–50
Report overview
A Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value
Each serving provides 400 mcg of folate from L-5-MTHF. The whole-product serving costs about $0.83.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability91

L-5-MTHF is an active form of folate. The L form is identified; no branded source is identified in the saved information.
Folate Form Hierarchy
L-5-MTHF is an active form of folate.
Patented Sources & Isomeric Purity
The L form is identified; no branded source is identified in the saved information.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency100

The declared amount is 400 mcg per serving. The evaluation uses its available amount basis.
Folate Dosage by Declared Basis
The serving lists 400 mcg of folate; the evaluation uses the declared amount without treating it as DFE.

Value40

A whole-product serving costs about $0.83.
Price per Bioavailable Serving
A whole-product serving costs about $0.83.
D- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD+ Value
Each serving provides 150 mcg of iodine, an amount aligned with daily support in this evaluation. Some iodine is identified as potassium iodide, but the other form and their proportions are unknown.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability42

The iodine includes potassium iodide and an unresolved form, with unknown proportions.
Iodine Form & Bioavailability
The available facts identify potassium iodide and another unresolved form; their proportions are unknown.
Marine Source Purity & Sourcing
A marine source is recorded, but the available facts do not confirm organic or specified clean-water sourcing. Seaweed can accumulate heavy metals.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency100

The serving provides 150 mcg iodine, an amount aligned with daily support in this evaluation.
Dosage Efficacy for Daily Support
The listed 150 mcg of iodine per serving aligns with the evaluation's daily-support category.
Dosage Safety & Upper Limits
The listed 150 mcg per serving is below the adult upper intake level; total intake from other sources is not captured.
Elemental Iodine Transparency
The available facts identify 150 mcg of iodine per serving, even though some form details remain unresolved.

Value50

The whole-product serving costs about $0.83.
Price Per Effective Serving
The whole-product serving costs about $0.83.
A+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value
A serving supplies 140 mcg selenium as L-selenomethionine, an amount aligned with the evaluation. Based on the whole-product price, the cost is about $1.19 per 200 mcg of selenium.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability100

The selenium is identified as L-selenomethionine, a specifically named organic form.
Selenium Chemical Form
L-selenomethionine is an organic selenium form favored in the evaluation.
Form Transparency & Isomer Specificity
The saved facts specify the L form of selenomethionine.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency88

The serving provides 140 mcg selenium, an amount aligned with the evaluation and below its assessed upper limit.
Dosage Efficacy Sweet Spot
The 140 mcg serving aligns with the evaluation’s daily-maintenance assessment.
Safety Margin & UL Adherence
The serving is below the assessed upper limit; selenium from food also contributes to total intake.

Value10

Based on the whole-product price, the cost is about $1.19 per 200 mcg of selenium.
Price per 200 mcg Serving
Based on the whole-product price, the cost is about $1.19 per 200 mcg of selenium.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. The Association between Dietary and Circulating Copper Levels and Osteoporosis: a Scoping Review.
    Ju Y; Xiong W; Pang Y; Chen Z; Hou J; Zheng S; Li Z; Liu T; Xia H; Xia M; Zhong Y; Li J; Jiang X · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Scoping review18 studies pooledBone Health forCopper
  2. Association between dietary copper, iron, zinc, selenium intake and osteopenia or osteoporosis in elderly hypertensive patients: a retrospective cohort study.
    Chen M; Jia L; Gao R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort study5,286 participantsBone Health forCopper
  3. Associations of dietary copper intake with total bone mineral density and lumbar spine bone mineral density in American adults.
    Hu M; Wang Z; Li C; Zheng Y; Hu J · Medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forCopper
  4. The association between dietary mineral intake and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.
    Wei M; Wei J; Huang S · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study11,520 participantsBone Health forCopper
  5. Association between dietary copper intake and bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years: A cross-sectional study.
    Cui A; Yan J; Li H; Fan Z; Wei X; Wang H; Zhuang Y · PloS one · 2024
    Cross-sectional study6,965 participantsBone Health forCopper
  6. Association between RBC folate and lumbar bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2009-2018.
    Wei H; Jin Z; Zhou L; Tang G; Chai S; Che X; Tan Y; Zeng W · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,315 participantsBone Health forFolate
  7. Genetic variants modify the associations of concentrations of methylmalonic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate with bone mineral density.
    Liu CT; Karasik D; Xu H; Zhou Y; Broe K; Cupples LA; Cpgm de Groot L; Ham A; Hannan MT; Hsu YH; Jacques P; McLean RR; Paul L; Selhub J; Trajanoska K; van der Velde N; van Schoor N; Kiel DP · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021
    Cohort study4,310 participantsBone Health forFolate
  8. Adequate Intake and Supplementation of B Vitamins, in Particular Folic Acid, can Play a Protective Role in Bone Health.
    Rondanelli M; Tartara A; Fossari F; Vecchio V; Faliva MA; Naso M; Perna S; Nichetti M; Peroni G · Current aging science · 2022
    Narrative review35,298 participants29 studies pooledBone Health forFolate Bone Health forVitamin B6
  9. Relation of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 to bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.
    Cagnacci A; Baldassari F; Rivolta G; Arangino S; Volpe A · Bone · 2004
    Cross-sectional study161 participantsBone Health forFolate
  10. Dietary intake of folate, but not vitamin B2 or B12, is associated with increased bone mineral density 5 years after the menopause: results from a 10-year follow-up study in early postmenopausal women.
    Rejnmark L; Vestergaard P; Hermann AP; Brot C; Eiken P; Mosekilde L · Calcified tissue international · 2008
    Cohort study1,869 participantsBone Health forFolate
  11. Association between Serum Magnesium and Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
    Dominguez LJ; Veronese N; Ciriminna S; Pérez-Albela JL; Vásquez-López VF; Rodas-Regalado S; Di Bella G; Parisi A; Tagliaferri F; Barbagallo M · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis119,755 participants4 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  12. Bioabsorbable Magnesium-Based Materials Potential and Safety in Bone Surgery: A Systematic Review.
    Hung CH; Kwok YC; Yip J; Wong HH; Leung YY · Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025
    Systematic review386 participants8 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  13. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
    Zhao D; Huang S; Lu F; Wang B; Yang L; Qin L; Yang K; Li Y; Li W; Wang W; Tian S; Zhang X; Gao W; Wang Z; Zhang Y; Xie X; Wang J; Li J · Biomaterials · 2016
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  14. An update on magnesium and bone health.
    Rondanelli M; Faliva MA; Tartara A; Gasparri C; Perna S; Infantino V; Riva A; Petrangolini G; Peroni G · Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022
    Narrative reviewBone Health forMagnesium
  15. Sex-specific differences in the association of magnesium intake with femoral neck bone mineral density among older adults.
    Wang B; Tan X; Yao X; Zhu Z · Endocrine connections · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,343 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  16. Risk of Environmental Chemicals on Bone Fractures Is Independent of Low Bone Mass in US Adults: Insights from 2017 to 2018 NHANES.
    Ling R; Ai Y; Chen C; Zhang J; Zou Z; Cheng S; Li C; Li X; Wang B · Metabolites · 2023
    Cross-sectional study2,640 participantsBone Health forManganese
  17. The Manganese-Bone Connection: Investigating the Role of Manganese in Bone Health.
    Taskozhina G; Batyrova G; Umarova G; Issanguzhina Z; Kereyeva N · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Narrative reviewBone Health forManganese
  18. Associations of multiple metals with bone mineral density: A population-based study in US adults.
    Wei MH; Cui Y; Zhou HL; Song WJ; Di DS; Zhang RY; Huang Q; Liu JA; Wang Q · Chemosphere · 2021
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forManganese
  19. Sex-specific associations of urinary mixed-metal concentrations with femoral bone mineral density among older people: an NHANES (2017-2020) analysis.
    Li H; Li G; Yi M; Zhou J; Deng Y; Huang Y; He S; Meng X; Liu L · Frontiers in public health · 2024
    Cross-sectional study31 participantsBone Health forManganese
  20. Relationship between blood manganese and bone mineral density and bone mineral content in adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.
    Wang C; Zhu Y; Long H; Ou M; Zhao S · PloS one · 2022
    Cross-sectional study9,732 participantsBone Health forManganese