Product Image

Thyroid Complex

The Vitamin Shoppe
4.8
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(85 ratings)
Iodine 150 mcg
Manganese 3 mg
Molybdenum 150 mcg
Thiamin 10 mg
Selenium 70 mcg
Riboflavin 10 mg
Tyrosine 150 mg
Product Image
Score64
Convenient thyroid-nutrient coverage is diluted by low tyrosine, magnesium oxide, and a poorly explained glandular blend.
How scoring works
Quantity:100 Capsule(s) • (100 servings)
Goals:
Energy
Detoxification

Score 64

Convenient thyroid-nutrient coverage is diluted by low tyrosine, magnesium oxide, and a poorly explained glandular blend.
How scoring works
$13.99($0.13 per serving)
iHerb
$ 13.99
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Analysis

Iodine, selenium, zinc, tyrosine, and B vitamins provide a reasonably broad thyroid-nutrient foundation. The single-capsule serving is easy to use and keeps the daily routine simple.

Tyrosine is light, magnesium is supplied as oxide, and several B vitamins use older forms. The animal-derived multi-gland complex is vaguely specified and does not establish a clear benefit.

It may fit an adult who wants a low-intensity thyroid support blend and accepts glandular ingredients. People who need a precisely targeted iodine or tyrosine product may find the formula too diffuse.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a low-intensity thyroid nutrient blend
  • Users comfortable with animal-derived glandular ingredients
Best for
  • Basic iodine and selenium coverage
  • A simple one-capsule routine

Pros

  • Includes iodine and selenium
  • Provides several trace-mineral cofactors
  • Uses one capsule per serving

Cons

  • Tyrosine amount is modest
  • Magnesium is oxide
  • Glandular blend lacks useful detail

Warnings

  • Iodine may not suit people with autoimmune thyroid disease or those whose thyroid treatment depends on stable intake.
  • The multi-gland complex is animal-derived and unsuitable for vegetarian or vegan users.
  • L-tyrosine may interact with levodopa, thyroid hormone, or monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Nutrient quality

61 Moderate impact

Several useful nutrients are included, but magnesium oxide, cyanocobalamin, and vaguely named chelates are ordinary choices. Tyrosine and several minerals are modest, while the glandular complex adds uncertain functional value.

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Ingredient transparency

68 High impact

Most active amounts are shown, but the chelates and animal glandular ingredients are incompletely characterized. Complete non-active ingredient details are not included in the supplied label data.

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Customer satisfaction

65 Moderate impact

The supplied average rating is favorable. Detailed firsthand feedback is unavailable, so recurring complaints and purpose fit cannot be assessed.

.

Value for money

63 Moderate impact

The low serving cost helps, but basic forms and uncertain glandular material reduce formula quality. Meaningful iodine and molybdenum support value despite lightly dosed secondary nutrients.

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Report analysis

Goals

Energy
Essential Energy Nutrients
Energy
Impact
High effect
A- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Iodine · 150 mcgMagnesium · 100 mgRiboflavin · 10 mgThiamin · 10 mgVitamin B12 · 25 mcg

Riboflavin, Thiamin, and Iodine provide relevant support for energy. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormones that govern the basal metabolic rate and energy levels.

A maintenance amount of standard riboflavin supports the wider thyroid-focused formula. The 150 mcg amount fits daily maintenance and stays below the upper limit.

Study evidence
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Riboflavin Mixed 6 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies
Detoxification
Glutathione SupportNeutralizing Toxins
Detoxification
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageD- Formula Quality
Vitamin B12 · 25 mcgVitamin B6 · 10 mgMolybdenum · 150 mcgSelenium · 70 mcgMagnesium · 100 mgZinc · 3 mgRiboflavin · 10 mg

Molybdenum provides targeted support for sulfite metabolism, with selenium and riboflavin adding antioxidant-enzyme support. The effective molybdenum amount is the clearest detoxification strength.

Unspecified chelate details and standard riboflavin reduce form quality. Iodine and thyroid-related glandular tissue may alter thyroid management, especially for people using thyroid hormone or antithyroid medicines.

Study evidence
Molybdenum Adverse 1 study
Selenium Supportive 10 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C Goal FitC Strength of SupportC CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Vitamin B12 · 25 mcgMagnesium · 100 mgSelenium · 70 mcgZinc · 3 mg

Selenium, iodine, B vitamins, magnesium, zinc, and tyrosine support several thyroid-related and metabolic functions. The formula is more targeted to thyroid support than to broad daily nutritional coverage.

Magnesium oxide and cyanocobalamin are basic forms, while the animal glandular complex lacks individual functional detail. People with thyroid disease or thyroid medication should review the iodine and glandular ingredients with their clinician.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Hair Health
Hair Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitC Strength of SupportD CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Zinc · 3 mg

Iodine and selenium may help hair shedding when impaired thyroid nutrition is the underlying issue. Their maintenance amounts do not make the formula a broad hair-growth product for users with normal thyroid status.

The label names most nutrients, but the selenium chelate and multi-gland complex remain poorly characterized. Iodine can alter thyroid management, so users taking thyroid medicine should coordinate supplementation with their clinician.

Study evidence
Iodine No effect 1 study
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportC CoverageF Formula Quality
Magnesium · 100 mgZinc · 3 mgSelenium · 70 mcg

Selenium, zinc, and several B vitamins offer limited immune-related nutrition, but the product is designed mainly for thyroid support. Selenium is a maintenance amount, while zinc is far below a targeted immune dose.

The formula relies on vague amino acid chelates and a multi-organ glandular complex with limited relevance to immunity. Iodine and glandular ingredients also make it poorly suited to casual use by people managing thyroid disease or thyroid medication.

Study evidence
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Thiamine (Thiamine Hydrochloride, Vitamin B1)
 10 mg
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
 10 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 10 mg
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
 25 mcg
Iodine (Atlantic Kelp, Potassium Iodide)
 150 mcg
Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)
 100 mg
Zinc (Zinc Amino Acid Chelate)
 3 mg
Selenium (Selenium Amino Acid Chelate)
 70 mcg
Copper (Copper Amino Acid Chelate)
 0.15 mg
Manganese (Manganese Amino Acid Chelate)
 3 mg
Molybdenum (Molybdenum Amino Acid Chelate)
 150 mcg
L-Tyrosine
150 mg
Multi Gland Complex (Heart, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Pancreas, Spleen)
 35 mg
Gluten Free Adults 18–50 Dairy Free
Report overview
Iodine (Atlantic Kelp, Potassium Iodide) · 150 mcg OverallScore100
A+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Atlantic kelp and potassium iodide gives reliable iodine absorption. The 150 mcg amount fits daily maintenance and stays below the upper limit. Low serving cost creates favorable value.

View ingredientView products
Manganese (Manganese Amino Acid Chelate) · 3 mg OverallScore90
A Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

An amino acid chelate supports favorable absorption, though the bound amino acid is not specified. The clearly stated 3 mg serving supports maintenance but remains below the targeted bone and joint range. A very low serving cost provides strong value.

View ingredientView products
Molybdenum (Molybdenum Amino Acid Chelate) · 150 mcg OverallScore74
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Molybdenum amino acid chelate does not identify its specific ligand, while no branded or patented molybdenum source is identified. The molybdenum amount is within the ideal target range, and the amount remains comfortably within the adult upper limit. An effective amount and very low serving cost outweigh the incomplete chelate detail; the effective molybdenum amount is offered at a very low serving cost.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
91 Performance

Thyrocsin

Thorne
<p>Iodine, selenomethionine, 500 mg of tyrosine, zinc bisglycinate, methylcobalamin, and natural vitamin E create a more refined thyroid-focused formula without an animal glandular complex. Iodine and the unstandardized ashwagandha extract can affect thyroid management, so condition-specific guidance remains important.</p>
75 Performance

Thyro-Max Support

Country Life
<p>Five hundred milligrams of tyrosine with iodine, magnesium, zinc picolinate, and B vitamins gives the formula more thyroid-oriented depth than the original. The iodine and manganese amounts are high, making casual use inappropriate for people with thyroid disease or thyroid medication.</p>
81 Performance

Immune One

Bluebonnet
<p>Active riboflavin and vitamin B6, methylfolate, methylcobalamin, iodine, selenium, and zinc bisglycinate improve several nutrient forms over the original. Hidden immune and enzyme blends reduce transparency, and the formula is broader immune support rather than a dedicated tyrosine-based thyroid product.</p>
72 Budget

Complete Multivitamin

Bayer One A Day Men's
<p>No eligible candidate has a confirmed lower serving cost, but this matched-cost option supplies 150 mcg of iodine plus broad vitamins and minerals. It omits tyrosine and the glandular complex and is a general multivitamin rather than focused thyroid support.</p>
32 Budget

Thyroid Caps

Solaray
<p>No eligible candidate is cheaper, though iodine, tyrosine, and a bovine thyroid ingredient make this one of the closer thyroid-focused options. The listed molybdenum amount is dangerously high if accurate and may be a serious data error, so the label must be verified and unsupervised use is inappropriate.</p>
78 Budget

Essential Blend Multi Mineral

Jigsaw Health
<p>No eligible candidate is cheaper, but chelated zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum provide a focused mineral profile with 150 mcg of iodine. Tyrosine and B vitamins are absent, while the substantial chromium and selenium amounts warrant attention when other supplements are used.</p>
76 Value

Raw One For Men

Garden of Life Vitamin Code
<p>A modest serving cost provides vitamin D3, natural vitamin E, methylcobalamin, zinc, selenium, and practical one-capsule coverage. Iodine and tyrosine are absent, so the value lies in general nutrition rather than replacing a thyroid-focused formula.</p>
79 Value

Women Over 55 One Daily

MegaFood
<p>Useful forms of iodine, zinc, selenium, methylfolate, methylcobalamin, and vitamin D3 provide broad one-daily maintenance coverage. The iodine amount is lower than the original’s and tyrosine is absent, while vitamin K requires stable intake with warfarin-type medicines.</p>
65 Value

Primal

Eu Natural
<p>Methylfolate, methylcobalamin, zinc bisglycinate, selenomethionine, and chelated manganese offer good form quality at a moderate serving cost. The product lacks iodine and tyrosine, reaches the adult upper intake level for vitamin D, and hides a joint-support complex, so it is not a close thyroid substitute.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Human molybdenum exposure risk in industrial regions of China: New critical effect indicators and reference dose.
    Kuang HX; Li MY; Zeng XW; Chen D; Zhou Y; Zheng T; Xiang MD; Wu QZ; Chen XC; Dong GH; Yu YJ · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2024
    Cross-sectional study2,267 participantsDetoxification forMolybdenum
  2. Supplementation with selenium can influence nausea, fatigue, physical, renal, and liver function of children and adolescents with cancer.
    Vieira ML; Fonseca FL; Costa LG; Beltrame RL; Chaves CM; Cartum J; Alves SI; Azzalis LA; Junqueira VB; Pereria EC; Rocha KC · Journal of medicinal food · 2015
    Randomized trialDetoxification forSelenium
  3. [Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients].
    Gorozhanskaia ÉG; Sviridova SP; Dobrovol'skaia MM; Zybrikhina GN; Kashnia ShR · Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2014
    Single-arm trial40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  4. Comprehensive Insights into the Health Effects of Selenium Exposure and Supplementation Among the Chinese Community Middle-Aged and Elderly: a Combined Retrospective Cohort Study and Intervention Study.
    Li C; Peng X; Zheng J; Shi K; Qin L; Yang Q; Wang Z; Liu Y; Huang L · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Other40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  5. Heavy metals and metalloids exposure and liver function in Chinese adults - A nationally representative cross-sectional study.
    Wang S; Lyu Y; Ji S; Liu N; Wu B; Zhao F; Li Z; Qu Y; Zhu Y; Xie L; Li Y; Zhang Z; Song H; Hu X; Qiu Y; Zheng X; Zhang W; Yang Y; Li F; Cai J; Zhu Y; Cao Z; Tan F; Shi X · Environmental research · 2024
    Cross-sectional study9,445 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  6. Selenium-Biofortified Strawberries Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Hepatic Function: A 30-Day Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults.
    Vasto S; Di Rosa L; Ferrantelli V; Fiore AS; Giordano CP; Cannizzaro A; Sabatino L; Macaluso A; Caldarella R; Caldara GF; Baldassano S · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial35 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  7. Association of radioactive iodine treatment with survivorship symptoms and primary care utilisation in women of reproductive age with thyroid cancer: a retrospective cohort study.
    Devanarayan P; Hartman M; Partin M · Family medicine and community health · 2026
    Cohort study10,882 participantsEnergy forIodine
  8. Energy level and fatigue after surgery for thyroid cancer: A population-based study of patient-reported outcomes.
    Hughes DT; Reyes-Gastelum D; Kovatch KJ; Hamilton AS; Ward KC; Haymart MR · Surgery · 2020
    Cohort study2,584 participantsEnergy forIodine
  9. Health-Related Quality of Life in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study From Turkey.
    Gültekin A; Kahraman MY; Şengöz T; Şimşek FS · Head & neck · 2026
    Cross-sectional study202 participantsEnergy forIodine
  10. Physicochemical properties of and volatile compounds in riboflavin fortified cloudy apple juice; study of its effect on job fatigue among Egyptian construction workers.
    Fouad S; Ibrahim GE; Hussein AMS; Ibrahim FA; El Gendy A · Heliyon · 2021
    Non-randomized trialEnergy forRiboflavin
  11. Vitamin B status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Heap LC; Peters TJ; Wessely S · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 1999
    Case-control study30 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  12. B-vitamins, related vitamers, and metabolites in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease and chronic fatigue treated with high dose oral thiamine.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Hansen MM; Ueland P; Dahlerup JF · Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023
    Observational studyEnergy forRiboflavin
  13. Metabolic features of chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Naviaux RK; Naviaux JC; Li K; Bright AT; Alaynick WA; Wang L; Baxter A; Nathan N; Anderson W; Gordon E · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Case-control study84 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  14. Effectiveness of Riboflavin in Inherited Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review
    Bregje Jaeger, Nina N Stolwijk, Femke Aaldering, Charlotte A Ruys, Marije Smits, Nicole I Wolf, Carla E M Hollak, Annet M Bosch · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · 2026
    Systematic review381 studies pooledEnergy forRiboflavin
  15. Influence of thiamin supplementation on the health and general well-being of an elderly Irish population with marginal thiamin deficiency.
    Smidt LJ; Cremin FM; Grivetti LE; Clifford AJ · Journal of gerontology · 1991
    Randomized trial80 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  16. Randomised clinical trial: high-dose oral thiamine versus placebo for chronic fatigue in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021
    Randomized trial40 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  17. Dietary reference values for thiamin.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Turck D; Bresson JL; Burlingame B; Dean T; Fairweather-Tait S; Heinonen M; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Nowicka G; Pentieva K; Sanz Y; Siani A; Sjödin A; Stern M; Tomé D; Van Loveren H; Vinceti M; Willatts P; Lamberg-Allardt C; Przyrembel H; Tetens I; Gudelj Rakic J; Ioannidou S; de Sesmaisons-Lecarré A; Forss AC; Neuhäuser-Berthold M · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusEnergy forThiamin
  18. Effects of thiamine supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue.
    Suzuki M; Itokawa Y · Metabolic brain disease · 1996
    Randomized trial16 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  19. Long-term maintenance treatment with 300 mg thiamine for fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from an open-label extension of the TARIF study.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2022
    Randomized trialEnergy forThiamin
  20. Perioperative systemic magnesium to minimize postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    De Oliveira GS; Castro-Alves LJ; Khan JH; McCarthy RJ · Anesthesiology · 2013
    Meta-analysis1,257 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forMagnesium
  21. Long-term outcome after intravenous magnesium sulphate in suspected acute myocardial infarction: the second Leicester Intravenous Magnesium Intervention Trial (LIMIT-2).
    Woods KL; Fletcher S · Lancet (London, England) · 1994
    Randomized trial2,316 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  22. Association of magnesium sulfate use with mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.
    Gu WJ; Duan XJ; Liu XZ; Cen Y; Tao LY; Lyu J; Yin HY · British journal of anaesthesia · 2023
    Cohort study10,999 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  23. Hypomagnesemia and Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis Patients.
    Li L; Streja E; Rhee CM; Mehrotra R; Soohoo M; Brunelli SM; Kovesdy CP; Kalantar-Zadeh K · American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2016
    Cohort study9,359 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  24. The effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.
    Jaripur M; Ghasemi-Tehrani H; Askari G; Gholizadeh-Moghaddam M; Clark CCT; Rouhani MH · Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022
    Randomized trial64 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  25. Associations of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
    Cui Z; Xie R; Lu X; Schomburg L; Brenner H; Schöttker B · Redox biology · 2025
    Meta-analysis95 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  26. Dietary Antioxidants, Circulating Antioxidant Concentrations, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.
    Jayedi A; Rashidy-Pour A; Parohan M; Zargar MS; Shab-Bidar S · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019
    Meta-analysis507,251 participants41 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  27. The efficacy and safety of selenium supplementation versus placebo in the treatment of Graves' orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
    Sharabati I; Qafesha RM; Hindawi MD; Amro S; Ayesh BM · Clinical endocrinology · 2024
    Meta-analysis4 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  28. Associations of plasma metal concentrations with the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Chinese adults.
    Shi L; Yuan Y; Xiao Y; Long P; Li W; Yu Y; Liu Y; Liu K; Wang H; Zhou L; Yang H; Li X; He M; Wu T · Environment international · 2021
    Cohort study6,155 participantsGeneral Health forSelenium
  29. Updates on clinical studies of selenium supplementation in radiotherapy.
    Puspitasari IM; Abdulah R; Yamazaki C; Kameo S; Nakano T; Koyama H · Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2015
    Systematic review16 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  30. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  31. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  32. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  33. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  34. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  35. [Evaluation of the role of dietary intake in the occurrence of alopecia].
    El Fékih N; Kamoun H; Fazaa B; El Ati J; Zouari B; Kamoun MR; Gaigi S · Revue medicale de Liege · 2010
    Case-control study272 participantsHair Health forIodine
  36. Beyond Efficacy: 0.6% Selenium Disulfide Shampoo Matches 2% Ketoconazole for Seborrheic Dermatitis with Superior Cosmesis.
    Farris PK; Barbosa V; Houshman EB; Kovylkina N · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2026
    Randomized trial87 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  37. Selenium Disulfide-based shampoo applied for 4 weeks significantly improves dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
    Turcu G; Artenie C; Nowicka D; Arenbergerová M; Lazaridou E; Khobzei K; Ataseven A; Part M; Leclerc-Mercier S · European journal of dermatology : EJD · 2023
    Observational study1,407 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  38. A Comparative Randomized Clinical Study Assessing the Efficacy of a 1% Selenium Disulfide-Based Shampoo versus 2% Ketoconazole Shampoo in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis.
    Barbosa V; Melo DF; Vañó-Galván S; Lutchmanen-Kolanthan V; Sant'Anna B; Leclerc-Mercier S; Reygagne P · Skin appendage disorders · 2025
    Randomized trial64 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  39. Changes of serum trace elements level in patients with alopecia areata: A meta-analysis.
    Jin W; Zheng H; Shan B; Wu Y · The Journal of dermatology · 2018
    Meta-analysis764 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  40. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; de Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Peláez C; Pentieva K; Siani A; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Aggett P; Crous Bou M; Cubadda F; Ciccolallo L; de Sesmaisons Lecarré A; Fabiani L; Titz A; Naska A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023
    Systematic reviewHair Health forSelenium
  41. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  42. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  43. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  44. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  45. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  46. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  47. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  48. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  49. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  50. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc