Thiamin
Thiamin, also known as Vitamin B1, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the body's energy production. It is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, converting them into glucose which is then used for energy to power the brain, nerves, and muscles. Without adequate thiamin, the body cannot effectively utilize carbohydrates, leading to a build-up of metabolic byproducts. Beyond energy metabolism, thiamin is vital for maintaining a healthy nervous system. It contributes to the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the integrity of myelin sheaths, which insulate nerve fibers and allow for efficient nerve signal transmission. It also supports cardiovascular function, particularly the proper functioning of the heart muscle. Thiamin is not produced by the body and must be obtained through diet or supplementation. Deficiency can lead to various health issues, including neurological disorders like beriberi, characterized by nerve damage, muscle weakness, and heart problems. It is also important for cognitive function and cellular growth and development.
Whole grains (brown rice, oats, whole-wheat bread)Legumes (lentils, beans)PorkFortified cerealsNutsSeedsYeastPeasSpinachKale
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RDA (Men)1 mg
RDA (Women)1 mg
RDI1 mg
Minimum10 mg
Maximum50 mg
Toxicity Effectno known toxicity
Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:1.2–100 mg
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) is a critical cofactor for enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, the brain's primary fuel source. It is also required for the synthesis of acetylcholine and GABA. Deficiency leads to severe neurological impairment, making adequate levels foundational for basic cognitive processing and neuronal health.
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Impact
Highest effect
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) is a critical component of energy metabolism. The brain is the body's most energy-demanding organ, relying almost exclusively on glucose. Thiamin is indispensable for this process, making it foundational for mental energy, clarity, and focus.
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Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:1.2–100 mg
Thiamin (B1) is an essential coenzyme for several key enzymes in the citric acid cycle, which is central to cellular respiration and energy production. Deficiency, though rare in developed countries, leads to severe energy impairment.
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Impact
Highest effect
Typical dose:1.2–100 mg
Thiamin is essential for the function of key enzymes in the citric acid cycle, a central hub of cellular energy production. A deficiency directly impairs the body's ability to extract energy from glucose, making it a foundational nutrient for metabolic function.
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add_circle_outline Positive Interactions
Riboflavin
Thiamin and Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) are both essential for energy metabolism and work together in various enzymatic reactions.
Niacin
Niacin (Vitamin B3) and Thiamin (Vitamin B1) are part of the B-complex vitamins that synergistically support energy production and nervous system health.
Vitamin B6
Thiamin and Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) are cofactors in several enzymatic reactions, including those involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism.
Vitamin B12
As part of the B-complex, Thiamin and Vitamin B12 work together to support overall nervous system health and energy production.
Folate
Folate and Thiamin are both B vitamins that are crucial for cellular metabolism and growth, often working in concert.
Magnesium
Magnesium is a cofactor for thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP), the active form of thiamin, essential for its function in carbohydrate metabolism.
Phosphorus
Phosphorus is required for the phosphorylation of thiamin to its active form, thiamin pyrophosphate.
85 Best 
Mitochondrial Energy Optimizer with PQQ
Life Extension
4.6
★★★★★
(2216 ratings)
Thiamin: 150 mg
This supplement combines PQQ, R-Lipoic Acid, active B vitamins, and other supportive compounds to help optimize cellular energy production and metabolic health.
88 Best 
CoEnzymated Complete Premium+Multi 2 Daily
Emerald Laboratories
4.7
★★★★★
(41 ratings)
Thiamin: 25 mg
This multivitamin offers excellent bioavailability with coenzymated B vitamins, chelated minerals, and a wide range of antioxidants for broad nutritional support.
80 Best 
Super Potency Vitamin B 1 (Thiamin) 500 mg
Solgar
4.6
★★★★★
(4790 ratings)
Thiamin: 500 mg
Solgar's Super Potency Vitamin B1 offers a high 500 mg dose of standard Thiamine HCl, suitable for those needing intensive thiamine support for energy and metabolism.
77 Value 
B-1 100 mg
Source Naturals
4.8
★★★★★
(1026 ratings)
Thiamin: 100 mg
Source Naturals B-1 delivers 100 mg of standard Thiamine with a small calcium addition, offering economical daily support for energy and metabolism.
65 Value 
Complete Multivitamin
Equate
4.7
★★★★★
(1663 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
This multivitamin offers a broad range of basic vitamins and minerals to support general daily health and fill common nutritional gaps at an economical price.
75 Budget 
Prenatal Multivitamin/Multimineral with Folate
Spring Valley
4.7
★★★★★
(2403 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.8 mg
<p>This prenatal multivitamin delivers a key set of vitamins and minerals, including a good amount of folate and iron, tailored to support nutritional needs during pregnancy at a very affordable price.</p>
78 Value 
B-1 100 mg
NOW
4.8
★★★★★
(13165 ratings)
Thiamin: 100 mg
This NOW B-1 offers 100 mg of standard Thiamine HCl in a convenient tablet form, useful for daily energy and metabolic support.
88 Value 
Super Vitamin B-Complex
Spring Valley
4.7
★★★★★
(6548 ratings)
Thiamin: 100 mg
A high-potency, comprehensive B-complex with Vitamin C, offering outstanding long-term value in a large count.
87 Best 
Benfotiamine 150 mg
California Gold Nutrition
4.7
★★★★★
(3890 ratings)
Thiamin: 150 mg
This product provides 150mg of Benfotiamine per capsule, supporting nerve health and metabolism, with 90 servings at a competitive price.
68 Best 
RoxyLean
BPI Sports
4.2
★★★★★
(1809 ratings)
Thiamin: 185 mg
This supplement provides high doses of B vitamins along with a proprietary blend, targeting energy and metabolism support, though the blend's contents are not specified.
75 Value 
One Daily Women's Health
Equate
4.7
★★★★★
(5571 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
This multivitamin provides essential vitamins and minerals in a convenient daily tablet, formulated to help meet the general nutritional needs of women.
82 Best 
Benfotiamine 150 + Alpha-Lipoic Acid 300
Doctor's Best
4.7
★★★★★
(2365 ratings)
Thiamin: 150 mg
This product combines 150mg Benfotiamine and 300mg Alpha-Lipoic Acid to support nerve health and metabolic function, packaged in 60 veggie caps.
72 Budget 
Vegan Multivitamin & Mineral Supplement
DEVA
4.7
★★★★★
(2982 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
This vegan multivitamin provides a broad spectrum of essential vitamins and minerals in a convenient tablet form, suitable for daily nutritional support on a plant-based diet.
87 Best 
High Potency B-1 500 mg
Source Naturals
4.7
★★★★★
(962 ratings)
Thiamin: 500 mg
Source Naturals High Potency B-1 delivers 500 mg of Thiamine plus a substantial 400 mg multi-form Magnesium, offering comprehensive energy and nerve support.
85 Best 
Mega B-150 Balanced B-Complex
NaturesPlus
4.7
★★★★★
(694 ratings)
Thiamin: 150 mg
A high-potency B-complex with methylated forms of Folate and B12, offering advanced support for energy and overall health.
70 Value 
Sentry Adults
21st Century
4.7
★★★★★
(25285 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
A very affordable and broad-spectrum daily multivitamin and multimineral for adults, offering foundational nutritional support for overall well-being.
70 Budget 
B-50 Complex
21st Century
4.7
★★★★★
(8505 ratings)
Thiamin: 50 mg
<p>This B-50 Complex provides a diverse set of B vitamins at a 50mg/mcg level for daily wellness, along with added calcium for bone support, all in a very affordable tablet form.</p>
68 Value 
Complete Multivitamin
Equate
4.8
★★★★★
(3010 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
This multivitamin delivers a wide range of essential vitamins and minerals at a highly affordable price, making it a sensible choice for basic daily nutritional support for many adults.
75 Best 
Vitamin B1 500 mg
Vitamatic
4.8
★★★★★
(752 ratings)
Thiamin: 500 mg
This product delivers a high dose of basic Thiamine Mononitrate, making it a cost-effective choice for general Vitamin B1 support.
75 Budget 
B Complex
Thompson
4.7
★★★★★
(8602 ratings)
Thiamin: 9.5 mg
A practical and comprehensive B complex providing essential B vitamins, Choline, and Inositol to support energy, metabolism, and overall well-being.
75 Value 
One Daily Essential
21st Century
4.7
★★★★★
(3224 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
A very affordable, basic daily multivitamin providing essential vitamins and some calcium for general wellness support.
70 Budget 
Complete Multivitamin Adults 50+
Equate
4.7
★★★★★
(2059 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
This multivitamin for adults 50+ offers a foundational blend of essential vitamins, minerals, and key carotenoids like Lutein and Lycopene, supporting general health, bone density, and vision at a very accessible price.
68 Budget 
Daily Vits
NOW
4.7
★★★★★
(11036 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
This multivitamin is a convenient, basic option covering fundamental vitamin needs with some well-absorbed minerals, although doses for key minerals like calcium and magnesium are quite low.
78 Value 
B-1 100 mg
21st Century
4.7
★★★★★
(777 ratings)
Thiamin: 100 mg
This offers a robust 100mg of Thiamine (Vitamin B1) alongside a modest amount of calcium, making it a good fit for targeted energy and nerve support with some added mineral benefit.
65 Value 
B Complex
Sundown
4.7
★★★★★
(18319 ratings)
Thiamin: 1.5 mg
A budget-friendly, foundational B complex providing essential B vitamins at conservative daily doses suitable for general wellness support.
82 Budget 
Super Vitamin B-Complex
Spring Valley
4.7
★★★★★
(6548 ratings)
Thiamin: 100 mg
A comprehensive and potent B-complex with added Vitamin C, offering good value for broad wellness support.
89 Best 
Benfotiamine 300 mg
California Gold Nutrition
4.7
★★★★★
(1718 ratings)
Thiamin: 300 mg
This product delivers a potent 300mg dose of Benfotiamine per capsule, supporting nerve health and metabolism, with 90 servings available.
Average$30.95
Median$26.00
Average$0.75
Median$0.54
Average$1.34
Median$0.36
Reference amount: 10 mg
Thiamine Hydrochloride (Thiamine HCl) is a synthetic, water-soluble salt of thiamin known for its stability and good absorption. It is one of the most widely used forms in dietary supplements and for enriching foods.
- High stability and good bioavailability
- Cost-effective and widely available
- Standard form for treating thiamin deficiency
- Can be destroyed by heat or certain food components (e.g., sulfites)
- Water-soluble, so excess is readily excreted
Avg$34.06
Med$26.99
Avg$0.84
Med$0.62
Avg$1.37
Med$0.38
Price distribution
Vitamin B1 is a general term for Thiamin, an essential nutrient required for numerous cellular processes, including energy metabolism and nerve function. It is water-soluble and not stored in large amounts in the body, necessitating regular intake.
- Essential nutrient for overall health
- Widely recognized and understood
- Less specific than other forms, bioavailability can vary by source
- General term, not a specific chemical compound
Avg$28.89
Med$22.69
Avg$0.62
Med$0.46
Avg$0.63
Med$0.19
Price distribution
Thiamine Mononitrate is another synthetic, water-soluble salt of thiamin, very similar to Thiamine Hydrochloride in its metabolic role. It is often chosen for multivitamin and mineral supplements because it is more stable than Thiamine HCl when exposed to other ingredients.
- Excellent stability, especially in multivitamin formulations
- Good bioavailability and well-absorbed
- Cost-effective and widely used
- Can be degraded by heat or specific antagonistic compounds
- Water-soluble, like Thiamine HCl
Avg$27.99
Med$24.32
Avg$0.66
Med$0.39
Avg$0.89
Med$0.26
Price distribution
Thiamine Cocarboxylase Chloride is the biologically active form of thiamin (Thiamine Pyrophosphate, TPP or TDP) that directly participates in numerous metabolic reactions as a coenzyme. It bypasses the need for the body to convert inactive forms into TPP.
- Biologically active form, readily utilized by the body
- Potentially beneficial for individuals with impaired thiamin activation
- Directly supports critical metabolic pathways
- More expensive than salt forms
- Less commonly available in supplements
- May have lower stability compared to salt forms outside the body
Avg$27.32
Med$26.52
Avg$0.58
Med$0.54
Avg$0.21
Med$0.16
Price distribution
Thiamine HCl is the common abbreviation for Thiamine Hydrochloride, a synthetic, water-soluble salt of thiamin. It is a stable and well-absorbed form frequently utilized in dietary supplements and for the fortification of foods due to its effectiveness.
- Highly stable and good bioavailability
- Cost-effective and readily available
- Standard form for supplementation
- Susceptible to degradation by heat or specific food components
- Water-soluble, leading to rapid excretion of excess
Avg$44.35
Med$38.24
Avg$0.75
Med$0.63
Avg$0.12
Med$0.13
Price distribution
Benfotiamine is a synthetic, lipid-soluble (fat-soluble) derivative of thiamin. This unique property allows it to be absorbed much more efficiently by the body and penetrate cell membranes, particularly nerve cells, better than water-soluble thiamin forms, leading to higher and more sustained thiamin levels in tissues.
- Superior bioavailability and absorption compared to water-soluble forms
- Higher tissue penetration, especially in nerve cells
- More sustained thiamin levels in the body
- Less prone to degradation by thiaminases
- More expensive than common water-soluble thiamin forms
- May not be necessary for all individuals
Avg$29.73
Med$27.79
Avg$0.56
Med$0.46
Avg$0.06
Med$0.05
Price distribution
*Saccharomyces cerevisiae* is a species of yeast used to produce nutritional yeast and brewer's yeast. These yeasts are excellent natural sources of various B vitamins, including thiamin, along with proteins and minerals. The thiamin is present in its natural food-bound form.
- Natural, whole-food source of thiamin
- Contains other beneficial B vitamins, proteins, and minerals
- Suitable for vegetarian and vegan diets
- Thiamin concentration can be variable
- May cause digestive upset (e.g., gas, bloating) in some individuals
- Not a concentrated therapeutic form for severe deficiencies
Avg$40.77
Med$34.29
Avg$0.94
Med$1.00
Avg$0.28
Med$0.27
Price distribution
Thiamine Hydrochloride (Thiamine HCl) is a synthetic, water-soluble salt of thiamin known for its stability and good absorption. It is one of the most widely used forms in dietary supplements and for enriching foods.
- High stability and good bioavailability
- Cost-effective and widely available
- Standard form for treating thiamin deficiency
- Can be destroyed by heat or certain food components (e.g., sulfites)
- Water-soluble, so excess is readily excreted
Avg$26.63
Med$28.47
Avg$1.06
Med$1.10
Avg$0.33
Med$0.30
Price distribution
Cocarboxylase is an alternative name for Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP) or Thiamine Diphosphate (TDP), which is the biologically active coenzyme form of thiamin. In this form, thiamin directly participates in vital metabolic reactions, particularly in carbohydrate and branched-chain amino acid metabolism, without requiring prior conversion in the body.
- Active coenzyme form, immediately utilized by the body
- Potentially advantageous for individuals with impaired thiamin activation
- Directly supports crucial energy pathways
- Generally more expensive than standard salt forms of thiamin
- Less common in mainstream supplements
- May have specific requirements for stability
Avg$24.53
Med$26.48
Avg$0.40
Med$0.40
Avg$0.10
Med$0.06
Price distribution