Women's Living Green Liquid-Gel Multi

Women's Living Green Liquid-Gel Multi

Irwin Naturals4.5 (2,032 ratings)
Format:Softgel Quantity: 120 Softgel(s) · 40 servings
Goals
$28.99 $0.72 per serving

About this product

Broad vitamin coverage is more convincing than the many added wellness claims. B vitamins support normal energy metabolism, while vitamin C, zinc, selenium and vitamin D help meet ordinary nutrient needs. Higher intake does not establish more energy, faster metabolism or better concentration once those needs are met.

The formula names several useful sources, including methylcobalamin, L-selenomethionine and calcium D-pantothenate. Zinc is supplied as oxide, a less favorable absorption choice, although its 15 mg amount and accompanying 2 mg copper are disclosed. Calcium at 50 mg and magnesium at 25 mg offer little direct mineral supply, and the 15 mcg biotin amount gives limited support for a targeted nail benefit.

The many oil, botanical and other blends leave individual contents and active amounts unclear. Their presence does not establish extra hair, hormone or detox benefits, and their uncertain contributions weaken the value case. Vitamin B6 is relatively high at 20 mg, with titanium dioxide also recorded among the other ingredients.

Who is it for
  • Adults looking to fill broad vitamin gaps in their diet
  • People whose main need is vitamin coverage rather than substantial calcium or magnesium
Best for
  • Supporting normal nutrient-dependent energy processes
  • Adding a range of disclosed vitamins and trace minerals

Pros

  • Several vitamin and mineral sources are specifically identified
  • Copper is quantified alongside zinc
  • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation
  • B vitamins support normal energy metabolism

Cons

  • Zinc oxide is a less favorable absorption choice
  • Calcium and magnesium contributions are small
  • Oil and botanical blends omit individual components and active amounts
  • Biotin amount gives limited basis for a focused nail benefit
  • Titanium dioxide is recorded among the other ingredients

Warnings

  • The serving already supplies 20 mg vitamin B6; adding another B6-containing supplement would increase an already high daily amount.

Product analysis

49 out of 100

Women's Living Green Liquid-Gel Multi offers broad nutritional support, including B vitamins used in normal energy metabolism and blood formation. Its unnamed blend components make the complete composition difficult to check.

AI assessment of the formula, label and price. How scoring works

Nutrient Quality47

Selenium and chromium have favorable forms, while zinc oxide is a less favorable choice for absorption. Many other ingredients cannot be confidently compared, leaving quality uneven across the formula.

Ingredient Transparency67

Ingredient amounts and several nutrient forms are stated, but blend contents are undisclosed. The full serving is therefore easier to compare by quantity than by exact composition.

Value For Money38

Value is limited for several nutrients, including selenium and chromium. Reliable comparisons are unavailable for many others, limiting confidence in the value of the complete serving.

Customer Satisfaction81

Customer feedback is positive across a substantial review pool. That provides useful satisfaction information without demonstrating nutritional benefits.

Product Focus9

The B vitamins provide the clearest support for normal nutrition when intake is low. Numerous ingredients and undisclosed blends make the complete formula broad rather than targeted.

Format
Softgel
Container
120 Softgel(s)
Per serving
$0.72
Customer rating
4.5 · 2,032 ratings
Report analysis

Goals

Everyday Health
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Ingredient FitA+ PathwaysB+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Folate · 1020 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 60 mcgVitamin D · 10 mcgMagnesium · 25 mgSelenium · 75 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 250 mg

The B vitamins contribute to nutrient availability across energy-related processes and blood formation. Folate and vitamin B12 provide complementary nutritional contributions when dietary intake is low. Amounts above ordinary intake needs do not establish more energy or better general health in adequately nourished adults, and the declared forms do not establish superior outcomes. Zinc and selenium add nutrient availability, while the unresolved fish-oil and botanical amounts cannot establish additional general-health contributions.

How this product is rated for Everyday Health

Ingredient fit81

Relevant ingredients form only part of a formula that also addresses other goals.
Goal fit
Relevant ingredients form only part of a formula that also addresses other goals.
Dose adequacy
The included amounts partly meet the saved references; an unresolved amount cannot establish a dose contribution.

Pathways100

The strongest represented mechanism is energy metabolism cofactors. This describes ingredient roles rather than demonstrated health improvement.
Depth
The strongest represented mechanism is energy metabolism cofactors. This describes ingredient roles rather than demonstrated health improvement.
Breadth
Several mechanisms are represented, without establishing an equally broad range of health benefits.

Evidence82

Vitamin B9 (Folate) supplies the strongest included evidence contribution; preparation and population limitations still apply.
Evidence strength
Vitamin B9 (Folate) supplies the strongest included evidence contribution; preparation and population limitations still apply.
Studied preparation
The included preparations match the saved references, without transferring nutrient availability into broader health benefits.

Formulation logic100

No matching ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied findings.
Partner coverage
The included contributors can act independently or have their required partner; this does not establish combination synergy.
Conflicts
No matching ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied findings.
Effective doses
All included contributors meet the saved minimum amount threshold, which is not a proven minimum effective dose.
Study evidence
Folate Supportive 80 studies
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Ingredient FitF PathwaysB EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Vitamin D · 10 mcgVitamin B5 · 20 mgMagnesium · 25 mgRiboflavin · 20 mgThiamin · 20 mgVitamin B12 · 60 mcg

B vitamins support the normal processes that turn food into usable energy. Their practical benefit is helping meet nutrient needs, with no assumption that larger amounts improve energy when intake is already adequate.

How this product is rated for Energy

Ingredient fit67

Several nutrients relate to normal energy metabolism, alongside ingredients serving other purposes. The declared nutrient amounts make a mix of partial and fuller contributions in the saved findings.
Goal fit
Several nutrients relate to normal energy metabolism, alongside ingredients serving other purposes.
Dose adequacy
The declared nutrient amounts make a mix of partial and fuller contributions in the saved findings.

Pathways0

The saved findings assign no direct contribution to alertness, muscle energy buffering, or the other assessed energy functions. The saved findings show no coverage across the assessed direct energy functions.
Depth
The saved findings assign no direct contribution to alertness, muscle energy buffering, or the other assessed energy functions.
Breadth
The saved findings show no coverage across the assessed direct energy functions.

Evidence78

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) provides the strongest saved evidence contribution; its usefulness still depends on the nutritional or fatigue context. The saved preparation findings support the counted ingredients.
Evidence strength
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) provides the strongest saved evidence contribution; its usefulness still depends on the nutritional or fatigue context.
Studied preparation
The saved preparation findings support the counted ingredients.

Formulation logic100

The counted ingredients can contribute without an additional required partner. No configured ingredient conflict was identified in the saved findings; undisclosed amounts remain uncertain. All counted ingredients reach the saved minimum contribution level.
Partner coverage
The counted ingredients can contribute without an additional required partner.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was identified in the saved findings; undisclosed amounts remain uncertain.
Effective doses
All counted ingredients reach the saved minimum contribution level.
Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 4 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 32 studies
Immunity
Impact
High effect
C Ingredient FitB+ PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Magnesium · 25 mgVitamin C · 250 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin A · 250 mcgVitamin D · 10 mcgSelenium · 75 mcg

Zinc and vitamin D contribute to normal immune regulation, vitamin A helps maintain protective barriers, and selenium supports normal immune function. Vitamin C supports immune-cell activity with modest cold-duration evidence from regular supplementation. Copper, B6, B12 and folate help when intake is low, with no established extra benefit from larger amounts. Vitamin E's supplied context does not establish routine respiratory benefit.

How this product is rated for Immunity

Ingredient fit61

The relevant ingredients have a connection to immune support, with the strength of their amount findings varying by nutrient.
Goal fit
The formula includes relevant immune ingredients alongside ingredients aimed at other uses, which makes its immune focus less concentrated.
Dose adequacy
The declared amounts provide partial coverage of the saved comparisons; unresolved amounts cannot establish a contribution.

Pathways80

The strongest saved connection is oxidative and inflammatory balance.
Depth
The strongest saved connection is oxidative and inflammatory balance.
Breadth
The saved findings cover two main immune areas, with more limited coverage elsewhere.

Evidence100

The main support concerns normal nutrient functions, with any respiratory benefit limited to the specific evidence described above.
Evidence strength
Vitamin C leads the saved evidence finding; normal immune function does not itself establish infection prevention.
Studied preparation
The saved findings accept the relevant preparations; this does not imply that one nutrient form gives greater immune benefit.

Formulation logic100

The recognized ingredients meet the partner checks, and no configured conflict was found. Amount uncertainties still limit ingredients whose quantities are unresolved.
Partner coverage
The recognized ingredients do not require an additional partner for the roles considered here.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was identified from the available facts; this does not establish overall safety.
Effective doses
The recognized ingredients reach the saved amount threshold; that threshold is a comparison point, not proof of clinical effectiveness.
Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 8 studies
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 21 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Impact
High effect
C Ingredient FitB PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Folate · 1020 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 60 mcgVitamin B6 · 20 mgMolybdenum · 225 mcgSelenium · 75 mcgMagnesium · 25 mgVitamin E · 134 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 250 mgRiboflavin · 20 mg

Folate supports methyl-group metabolism, with arsenic-related findings limited to exposed populations and particular folic-acid regimens rather than routine detoxification. Selenium supports antioxidant enzymes; small mercury-related trials concern low selenium status or mercury exposure, not a general clearance benefit. Magnesium and zinc provide essential enzyme support without established extra toxin removal in people with adequate intake.

How this product is rated for Liver & Detox

Ingredient fit62

Vitamin B9 (Folate), Molybdenum and Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) provide the main ingredient connections, with serving amounts limiting their contribution.
Goal fit
Relevant nutrients sit within a broader formula containing ingredients directed at other goals.
Dose adequacy
The declared serving amounts provide uneven contributions; the amount comparison does not establish a clinically effective detoxification dose.

Pathways80

The ingredients represent selected nutrient and liver-related processes; their presence does not demonstrate faster toxin elimination.
Depth
The strongest represented area is liver cell integrity and fat export. This describes ingredient roles rather than demonstrated toxin clearance.
Breadth
The represented areas meeting the comparison threshold are liver cell integrity and fat export, detox-enzyme induction.

Evidence97

The strongest findings are specific to particular nutrient states, preparations or clinical settings, limiting their transfer to routine detoxification.
Evidence strength
Vitamin B9 (Folate) supplies the leading evidence contribution, with benefits limited by the populations and outcomes studied.
Studied preparation
Preparation matching is incomplete for Molybdenum, Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B6; other qualifying ingredients match the saved preparation comparison.

Formulation logic100

The contributing ingredients meet the supplied partner requirements, with no configured conflict identified.
Partner coverage
The contributing ingredients can act independently or have the partners required by the supplied findings.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was identified; this is a limited interaction check.
Effective doses
All contributing ingredients meet the amount threshold used for this comparison, which is not a proven effective detoxification dose.
Study evidence
Folate Supportive 16 studies
Magnesium Supportive 19 studies
Selenium Supportive 10 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 9 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 23 studies
Zinc Supportive 30 studies
Skin Health
Impact
High effect
C Ingredient FitB PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Zinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 250 mgCopper · 2 mgSelenium · 75 mcgVitamin E · 134 mg

Vitamin C and zinc help correct deficiencies that impair skin healing, while B6 and riboflavin help when deficiency causes dermatitis. Extra intake has no established benefit when these nutrients are adequate. Copper, selenium and vitamin E have physiological roles that do not prove added cosmetic improvement or antioxidant synergy. Flax, green tea, lysine and resveratrol remain unconfirmed, and oil-source rows do not establish active fatty-acid amounts.

How this product is rated for Skin Health

Ingredient fit64

The relevant ingredients receive partial amount recognition because of smaller or unresolved amounts. Other actives and links to additional goals also affect focus.
Goal fit
The relevant ingredients provide the recognized connection; other actives and links to additional goals reduce the product’s focus here.
Dose adequacy
Smaller or unresolved included amounts limit the serving comparison, without establishing lack of all biological activity.

Pathways77

The strongest recognized connection is to UV-related antioxidant findings. Connective-tissue and UV-related routes reach the supplied threshold.
Depth
The strongest recognized connection is to UV-related antioxidant findings.
Breadth
Connective-tissue and UV-related antioxidant routes reach the supplied threshold; water-binding and barrier-lipid coverage remain limited or absent.

Evidence100

Vitamin C leads the saved evidence finding; its supported skin role is deficiency correction, without established extra benefit when intake is adequate.
Evidence strength
Vitamin C leads the saved evidence finding; its supported skin role is deficiency correction, without established extra benefit when intake is adequate.
Studied preparation
The saved finding recognizes the included preparation as studied; that recognition does not resolve ingredient-specific applicability limitations.

Formulation logic100

No unmet partner or configured conflict was identified. Included ingredients meet the saved amount threshold.
Partner coverage
No unmet required partner is identified for the included ingredients; this does not establish synergy.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was matched in the supplied findings.
Effective doses
The ingredients included in this check meet its amount threshold, without establishing proven cosmetic improvement.
Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 10 studies
Copper Supportive 16 studies
Niacin Supportive 61 studies
Selenium Supportive 22 studies
Vitamin A Supportive 106 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 38 studies
Zinc Supportive 66 studies
Bone Health
Impact
High effect
C Ingredient FitC PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Magnesium · 25 mgCalcium · 50 mgVitamin D · 10 mcgCopper · 2 mgManganese · 2 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 250 mg

Vitamin C and copper support the collagen framework of bone when intake is inadequate. Vitamin D contributes to calcium absorption when status is low, but the small calcium and magnesium amounts provide little mineral supply in this serving. Other nutrient functions do not establish extra bone benefit in adequately nourished adults, and lysine presence remains unresolved.

How this product is rated for Bone Health

Ingredient fit65

The formula’s relevance depends on its bone-related nutrient roles and how much the declared serving supplies.
Goal fit
Bone-related nutrients sit within a broader formula, so only part of the ingredient mixture is focused on this goal.
Dose adequacy
The counted amounts provide a partial match to the comparison anchors; their nutritional contribution varies by ingredient.

Pathways60

The supplied findings describe which aspects of mineral handling, bone-protein activity and matrix support are represented.
Depth
The strongest supplied finding concerns collagen matrix formation, based on the declared ingredients and amounts.
Breadth
The broader findings chiefly cover collagen matrix formation, with other bone-related processes less represented.

Evidence98

The counted evidence reflects the supplied ingredients and preparation matching, with clinical benefits limited by the context described above.
Evidence strength
Zinc provides the strongest counted evidence, subject to its nutritional or preparation-specific limits described for this product.
Studied preparation
The counted preparations match those recognized in the supplied comparison; this does not establish extra benefit in people with adequate nutrient intake.

Formulation logic97

Partner coverage and declared amounts explain the formulation findings; no configured conflict was found.
Partner coverage
The saved findings identify a missing partner for Vitamin D, limiting complementary nutrient coverage within this formula.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied findings.
Effective doses
The counted ingredients meet the comparison’s minimum amount benchmark; that does not establish a proven bone-treatment dose.
Study evidence
Calcium Supportive 144 studies
Copper Disputed 20 studies
Folate Supportive 50 studies
Magnesium Supportive 48 studies
Manganese Adverse 12 studies
Vitamin A Adverse 56 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 46 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 202 studies
Zinc Supportive 33 studies
Impact
High effect
C+ Ingredient FitF PathwaysA+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Biotin · 15 mcgNiacin · 20 mgVitamin B12 · 60 mcgRiboflavin · 20 mgThiamin · 20 mgVitamin B5 · 20 mgVitamin B6 · 20 mgVitamin D · 10 mcgZinc · 15 mgMagnesium · 25 mg

B vitamins help the body use nutrients for normal energy metabolism; extra intake does not establish faster calorie burning when nutritional needs are met. The supplied findings do not establish a sustained rise in metabolic rate or weight loss from this serving.

How this product is rated for Metabolism Support

Ingredient fit67

Several nutrients relate to normal metabolism, with varying serving amounts and a broader formulation focus.
Goal fit
The formula contains nutrients linked to normal metabolism alongside ingredients serving other purposes, so it is not narrowly focused on increasing energy expenditure.
Dose adequacy
Retained amounts vary relative to their saved references; amount coverage does not demonstrate a rise in energy expenditure.

Pathways5

The saved findings identify limited coverage of insulin sensitivity and metabolic hormones; these findings do not demonstrate thermogenesis.
Depth
The saved findings identify limited coverage of insulin sensitivity and metabolic hormones; these findings do not demonstrate thermogenesis.
Breadth
No pathway reaches the saved coverage threshold.

Evidence100

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) provides the strongest saved evidence finding, while the supplied context limits claims to normal nutritional roles.
Evidence strength
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) leads the saved evidence finding; normal nutrient function does not establish a metabolism boost above adequate intake.
Studied preparation
The retained ingredients meeting the amount threshold match recognized preparation categories in the saved findings; this does not establish increased energy expenditure.

Formulation logic100

No configured partner gap or conflict was found, and retained ingredients meet the saved amount threshold.
Partner coverage
No required ingredient partner is missing in the saved findings.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was matched in the supplied serving.
Effective doses
All retained ingredients meet the saved inclusion threshold; this threshold does not establish a clinically effective dose for increasing metabolic rate.
Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 5 studies
Chromium Supportive 47 studies
Magnesium Supportive 61 studies
Niacin Supportive 17 studies
Selenium Mixed 28 studies
Thiamin Supportive 11 studies
Vitamin B6 Supportive 16 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 65 studies
Zinc Supportive 12 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per servingScore
Calories
40 Calorie(s)
Total Fat
2.5 Gram(s)
Cholesterol
5 mg
Total Carbohydrates
1 Gram(s)
Protein
1 Gram(s)
Vitamin A (Beta-Carotene)
250 mcg
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
250 mg
Vitamin D (Vitamin D3)
10 mcg
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopherol)
134 mg
Thiamine (Thiamine Mononitrate)
20 mg 60
Riboflavin
20 mg 48
Niacin (Niacinamide)
20 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
20 mg 72
Folate
1020 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)
60 mcg
Biotin
15 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (D-Calcium Pantothenate)
20 mg 61
Calcium (Calcium Citrate)
50 mg
Magnesium (Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate)
25 mg
Zinc (Zinc Oxide)
15 mg 48
Selenium (L-Selenomethionine)
75 mcg 70
Copper (Copper Amino Acid Chelate)
2 mg 67
Manganese (Manganese Ascorbate)
2 mg 72
Chromium (Chromium Polynicotinate)
120 mcg 47
Molybdenum (Molybdenum Amino Acid Chelate)
225 mcg 64
Crucial Oil Complex
2510 mg
Antioxidant Blend
60 mg
Fruit and Vegetable Blend
57 mg
Immuno Blend
54 mg
Amino Acid Blend
54 mg
Traditional Botanical Blend
21 mg
Green Super Food Blend
9 mg
Adrenal Blend
24 mg
Brain Blend
18 mg
Targeted Blend
135 mg
BioPerine Complex
6 mg
Women Women 18–50
Report overview
C- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD+ Value
Each serving supplies 2 mg of copper as an amino acid chelate. Its 15 mg of zinc gives a zinc-to-copper ratio outside the preferred balance in the evaluation.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability58

The label names copper amino acid chelate and gives the copper amount. Its more specific chemistry and comparative absorption are not established in the supplied evaluation.
Copper Form Bioavailability
Copper Amino Acid Chelate is named, but its more specific chemistry and comparative absorption are not established in the supplied evaluation.
Elemental Copper Labeling Clarity
The copper row lists 2 mg per serving and names copper amino acid chelate as its source.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency85

The serving provides 2 mg of copper. The about 7.5:1 zinc-to-copper ratio falls outside the evaluation’s preferred balance.
Copper Dosage Safety & Efficacy
The serving provides 2 mg of copper.
Zinc-to-Copper Balance
15 mg of zinc and 2 mg of copper give a about 7.5:1 ratio, outside the evaluation’s preferred balance.

Value50

A whole-product serving costs about $0.72, making it a mid-priced choice in this comparison.
Price Per Serving Efficiency
A whole-product serving costs about $0.72, making it a mid-priced choice in this comparison.
A Ingredient Form & Label QualityC Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD Value
One serving provides 20 mg of vitamin B6, exceeding the European adult daily upper limit. It comes from pyridoxine hydrochloride, at about $0.036 per mg of B6 based on the whole-product price.
How this ingredient is rated

Ingredient Form & Label Quality91

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is the identified B6 source; titanium dioxide or a hydrogenated oil is flagged.
Vitamin B6 Form Identification
Pyridoxine hydrochloride is the identified vitamin B6 source.
Clean Label and Excipient Purity
The evaluation flags titanium dioxide or a hydrogenated oil among the additives.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency65

The 20 mg of vitamin B6 in one serving exceeds the European adult daily upper limit; food and other supplements add to total intake.
Vitamin B6 Dose & Safety Policy
One serving provides 20 mg of vitamin B6, exceeding the European adult daily upper limit before other sources are counted.
Label Transparency
The label identifies pyridoxine hydrochloride as the vitamin B6 source.

Value48

The whole-product price works out to about $0.036 per mg of vitamin B6.
Vitamin B6 Price Efficiency
The whole-product price works out to about $0.036 per mg of vitamin B6.
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD+ Value
A serving of 3 softgels provides 2 mg of manganese from manganese ascorbate. The whole product costs about $0.72 per serving.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability70

The source is manganese ascorbate.
Manganese Chemical Form
The source is manganese ascorbate.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency86

A serving of 3 softgels provides 2 mg of manganese. The evaluation does not flag an exceeded limit for this serving; other sources of manganese are not assessed.
Manganese Dosage Efficacy & Safety
A serving of 3 softgels provides 2 mg of manganese. The amount falls in a middle range of this comparison. No limit is flagged as exceeded.
Elemental Weight Disclosure
The 2 mg per serving refers to manganese; its source is also named.

Value50

The whole product costs about $0.72 per serving.
Price per Serving vs. Median
The whole product costs about $0.72 per serving.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Manoj P; Derwin R; George S · International journal of older people nursing · 2023
    Meta-analysis12,620 participants7 studies pooledBone Health forCalcium
  2. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Storm D; Eslin R; Porter ES; Musgrave K; Vereault D; Patton C; Kessenich C; Mohan S; Chen T; Holick MF; Rosen CJ · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 1998
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  3. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women.
    Prince R; Devine A; Dick I; Criddle A; Kerr D; Kent N; Price R; Randell A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1995
    Randomized trial168 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  4. The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.
    Rajatanavin R; Chailurkit L; Saetung S; Thakkinstian A; Nimitphong H · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial404 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  5. Calcium-enriched foods and bone mass growth in prepubertal girls: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bonjour JP; Carrie AL; Ferrari S; Clavien H; Slosman D; Theintz G; Rizzoli R · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997
    Randomized trial149 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  6. The Association between Dietary and Circulating Copper Levels and Osteoporosis: a Scoping Review.
    Ju Y; Xiong W; Pang Y; Chen Z; Hou J; Zheng S; Li Z; Liu T; Xia H; Xia M; Zhong Y; Li J; Jiang X · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Scoping review18 studies pooledBone Health forCopper
  7. Association between dietary copper, iron, zinc, selenium intake and osteopenia or osteoporosis in elderly hypertensive patients: a retrospective cohort study.
    Chen M; Jia L; Gao R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort study5,286 participantsBone Health forCopper
  8. Associations of dietary copper intake with total bone mineral density and lumbar spine bone mineral density in American adults.
    Hu M; Wang Z; Li C; Zheng Y; Hu J · Medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forCopper
  9. The association between dietary mineral intake and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.
    Wei M; Wei J; Huang S · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study11,520 participantsBone Health forCopper
  10. Association between dietary copper intake and bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years: A cross-sectional study.
    Cui A; Yan J; Li H; Fan Z; Wei X; Wang H; Zhuang Y · PloS one · 2024
    Cross-sectional study6,965 participantsBone Health forCopper
  11. Association between RBC folate and lumbar bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2009-2018.
    Wei H; Jin Z; Zhou L; Tang G; Chai S; Che X; Tan Y; Zeng W · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,315 participantsBone Health forFolate
  12. Genetic variants modify the associations of concentrations of methylmalonic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate with bone mineral density.
    Liu CT; Karasik D; Xu H; Zhou Y; Broe K; Cupples LA; Cpgm de Groot L; Ham A; Hannan MT; Hsu YH; Jacques P; McLean RR; Paul L; Selhub J; Trajanoska K; van der Velde N; van Schoor N; Kiel DP · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021
    Cohort study4,310 participantsBone Health forFolate
  13. Adequate Intake and Supplementation of B Vitamins, in Particular Folic Acid, can Play a Protective Role in Bone Health.
    Rondanelli M; Tartara A; Fossari F; Vecchio V; Faliva MA; Naso M; Perna S; Nichetti M; Peroni G · Current aging science · 2022
    Narrative review35,298 participants29 studies pooledBone Health forFolate Bone Health forVitamin B6
  14. Relation of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 to bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.
    Cagnacci A; Baldassari F; Rivolta G; Arangino S; Volpe A · Bone · 2004
    Cross-sectional study161 participantsBone Health forFolate
  15. Dietary intake of folate, but not vitamin B2 or B12, is associated with increased bone mineral density 5 years after the menopause: results from a 10-year follow-up study in early postmenopausal women.
    Rejnmark L; Vestergaard P; Hermann AP; Brot C; Eiken P; Mosekilde L · Calcified tissue international · 2008
    Cohort study1,869 participantsBone Health forFolate
  16. Association between Serum Magnesium and Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
    Dominguez LJ; Veronese N; Ciriminna S; Pérez-Albela JL; Vásquez-López VF; Rodas-Regalado S; Di Bella G; Parisi A; Tagliaferri F; Barbagallo M · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis119,755 participants4 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  17. Bioabsorbable Magnesium-Based Materials Potential and Safety in Bone Surgery: A Systematic Review.
    Hung CH; Kwok YC; Yip J; Wong HH; Leung YY · Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025
    Systematic review386 participants8 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  18. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
    Zhao D; Huang S; Lu F; Wang B; Yang L; Qin L; Yang K; Li Y; Li W; Wang W; Tian S; Zhang X; Gao W; Wang Z; Zhang Y; Xie X; Wang J; Li J · Biomaterials · 2016
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  19. An update on magnesium and bone health.
    Rondanelli M; Faliva MA; Tartara A; Gasparri C; Perna S; Infantino V; Riva A; Petrangolini G; Peroni G · Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022
    Narrative reviewBone Health forMagnesium
  20. Sex-specific differences in the association of magnesium intake with femoral neck bone mineral density among older adults.
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