Product Image

Daily One Caps without Iron

Twinlab
4.5
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(330 ratings)
Iodine 150 mcg
Manganese 5 mg
Vitamin B6 25 mg
Copper 2 mg
Molybdenum 150 mcg
Riboflavin 25 mg
Selenium 200 mcg
Product Image
Score71
A one-capsule formula delivers broad nutrient coverage with a long serving supply and no added iron. Mixed basic forms and aggressive vitamin A, vitamin B6, folate, and selenium amounts reduce balance.
How scoring works
Quantity:180 Capsule(s) • (180 servings)
Goals:
Immunity
General Health
Skin Health
Weight Loss
Hair Health

Score 71

A one-capsule formula delivers broad nutrient coverage with a long serving supply and no added iron. Mixed basic forms and aggressive vitamin A, vitamin B6, folate, and selenium amounts reduce balance.
How scoring works
$28.48($0.15 per serving)
Vitacost
$ 39.17
Vitacost
$ 39.17
Walmart
$ 28.48
iHerb
$ 35.60
Report prices

Analysis

A one-capsule formula delivers broad nutrient coverage with a long serving supply and no added iron. The simple routine can suit adults who do not need supplemental iron.

Vitamins, minerals, and trace elements cover many common multivitamin roles. Mixed basic forms and aggressive vitamin A, vitamin B6, folate, and selenium amounts reduce balance.

It fits users specifically seeking an iron-free one-capsule multivitamin. People who are pregnant or stacking other high-dose products need a more cautious option.

Who is it for
  • users specifically seeking an iron-free one-capsule multivitamin
  • Adults seeking the product’s stated nutrient profile
Best for
  • The simple routine can suit adults who do not need supplemental iron
  • People who are pregnant or stacking other high-dose products need a more cautious option

Pros

  • One-capsule serving
  • Long bottle supply
  • Broad nutrient coverage
  • Iron-free formula

Cons

  • Several nutrient forms are basic
  • Vitamin A amount is aggressive
  • B6 and folate reduce stacking flexibility
  • Selenium amount is high

Warnings

  • Preformed vitamin A requires caution during pregnancy and when combined with other vitamin A products.
  • Long-term high vitamin B6 intake may contribute to peripheral nerve symptoms.
  • Count selenium from diet and other supplements to avoid unnecessary excess.

Nutrient quality

63 Moderate impact

Useful vitamin D3, natural vitamin E, zinc picolinate, and mixed calcium forms support the nutrient base. Aggressive vitamin A, folate, B6, selenium, and manganese make the formula poorly balanced for routine use.

.

Ingredient transparency

73 High impact

Most active amounts are listed, but duplicated form entries make some totals difficult to interpret. Complete directions and non-active ingredients are not supplied.

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Customer satisfaction

66 High impact

The supplied average is favorable, and the rating count is moderate. Specific firsthand feedback is absent, so repeated complaints and purpose fit cannot be assessed.

.

Value for money

83 Highest impact

The serving cost is favorable for the disclosed ingredient quality and purpose. A few weak or unrelated additions modestly reduce efficiency.

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Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitB Strength of SupportB+ CoverageA- Formula Quality
Magnesium · 7.2 mgVitamin C · 150 mgZinc · 15 mgVitamin A · 3000 mcg RAEVitamin D · 10 mcgSelenium · 200 mcg

Vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and selenium provide broad nutritional support for immune barriers and cell function. Zinc reaches a meaningful daily amount, but vitamin C and vitamin D are more moderate.

Zinc picolinate and vitamin D3 are useful forms, while magnesium oxide and several unspecified vitamin forms reduce consistency. The streamlined one-capsule formula avoids herbal window dressing and keeps the immune support easy to interpret.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 8 studies
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
Highest effect
A- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB+ CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Folate · 1333 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 100 mcgVitamin D · 10 mcgMagnesium · 7.2 mgSelenium · 200 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 150 mg

A one-capsule multivitamin offers broad foundational coverage with useful vitamin, zinc, iodine, and selenium amounts. The formula is convenient and largely transparent.

Magnesium and calcium are present only in token amounts, while selenium uses the lower-retention sodium selenate form. Several B vitamins and folate are quite high for routine use, so the balance is less even than the broad label suggests.

Study evidence
Folate Supportive 80 studies
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB Strength of SupportB- CoverageB Formula Quality
Zinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 150 mgCopper · 2 mgSelenium · 200 mcgVitamin E · 67 mg

Vitamin C, natural vitamin E, zinc picolinate, selenium, and copper support repair and antioxidant protection. Pantothenic acid and niacinamide add modest support for normal barrier function.

The formula lacks a direct structural or hydration active such as collagen, ceramides, or hyaluronic acid. It is a well-disclosed multivitamin with useful skin cofactors rather than a dedicated skin product.

Study evidence
Copper Supportive 16 studies
Selenium Supportive 22 studies
Vitamin B5 Supportive 11 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 38 studies
Zinc Supportive 66 studies
Weight Loss
Weight Loss
Impact
High effect
C- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC CoverageB Formula Quality
Iodine · 150 mcgVitamin D · 10 mcgMagnesium · 7.2 mgSelenium · 200 mcgZinc · 15 mg

Iodine, zinc, selenium, and chromium support thyroid and glucose pathways when nutrient status is inadequate. The amounts are meaningful, though chromium chloride and sodium selenate are less favorable forms.

No fiber, protein, thermogenic, or appetite agent is included, so the formula does not directly target weight loss. Preformed vitamin A reaches a high amount, making pregnancy or pregnancy planning a reason to review total vitamin A intake carefully.

Study evidence
Chromium No effect 24 studies
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Selenium Mixed 9 studies
Zinc Disputed 32 studies
Hair Health
Hair Health
Impact
High effect
C+ Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC+ CoverageC Formula Quality
Biotin · 300 mcgVitamin D · 10 mcgZinc · 15 mgVitamin C · 150 mg

Biotin, zinc, vitamin D3, copper, selenium, vitamin C, and antioxidant vitamins support normal follicle nutrition. The formula lacks iron, structural amino acids, or a targeted shedding pathway.

Zinc picolinate and natural vitamin E improve form quality, while selenium uses the less favorable selenate form. Its hair relevance is nutritional and secondary to general multivitamin use.

Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 4 studies
Copper Adverse 4 studies
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Vitamin C Mixed 5 studies
Vitamin D Disputed 34 studies
Vitamin E No effect 3 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies
Energy
Energy
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportC- CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Iodine · 150 mcgVitamin D · 10 mcgVitamin B5 · 50 mgMagnesium · 7.2 mgRiboflavin · 25 mgThiamin · 25 mgVitamin B12 · 100 mcg

The one-capsule multivitamin provides substantial thiamin, riboflavin, B6, and pantothenic acid for basic energy metabolism. It is designed for nutritional maintenance rather than a noticeable acute energy effect.

B12 is below the preferred goal amount and uses cyanocobalamin, while magnesium is nearly token level. The streamlined formula avoids proprietary blends but offers little mitochondrial or adaptogenic support.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 4 studies
Riboflavin Mixed 6 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin A (Beta-Carotene, Retinyl Palmitate)
 3000 mcg RAE
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 150 mg
Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol)
 10 mcg
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acid Succinate)
 67 mg
Thiamin (Thiamine Mononitrate)
 25 mg
Riboflavin
25 mg
Niacin (Niacinamide)
 10 mg NE
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 25 mg
Folate
1333 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
 100 mcg
Biotin
300 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (Calcium D-Pantothenate)
 50 mg
Calcium (Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Citrate)
 25 mg
Iodine (Potassium Iodide)
 150 mcg
Magnesium (Magnesium Aspartate, Magnesium Oxide)
 7.2 mg
Zinc (Zinc Picolinate)
 15 mg
Selenium (Sodium Selenate)
 200 mcg
Copper (Copper Gluconate)
 2 mg
Manganese (Manganese Gluconate)
 5 mg
Chromium (Chromium Chloride)
 200 mcg
Molybdenum (Sodium Molybdate)
 150 mcg
Choline (Choline Bitartrate)
 10 mg
Inositol
10 mg
FloraGlo Lutein
500 mcg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Iodine (Potassium Iodide) · 150 mcg OverallScore100
A+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

The 150 mcg iodine serving aligns with daily thyroid maintenance needs. Potassium iodide is a stable, water-soluble iodine form. Its serving cost is well below the collection median.

View ingredientView products
Manganese (Manganese Gluconate) · 5 mg OverallScore92
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Manganese Gluconate is a soluble organic salt with good absorption potential. The 5 mg serving falls within the target range without exceeding the stated upper limit. The label clearly presents the amount as elemental manganese. The very low serving cost provides strong value for the disclosed amount.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) · 25 mg OverallScore86
C+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Pyridoxine hydrochloride requires conversion, although the included riboflavin supports that metabolic step. The 25 mg dose sits in the preferred range for metabolic and neurological support. Price per serving is exceptionally favorable for a comprehensive multivitamin.

View ingredientView products
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Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Manoj P; Derwin R; George S · International journal of older people nursing · 2023
    Meta-analysis12,620 participants7 studies pooledBone Health forCalcium
  2. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Storm D; Eslin R; Porter ES; Musgrave K; Vereault D; Patton C; Kessenich C; Mohan S; Chen T; Holick MF; Rosen CJ · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 1998
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  3. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women.
    Prince R; Devine A; Dick I; Criddle A; Kerr D; Kent N; Price R; Randell A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1995
    Randomized trial168 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  4. The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.
    Rajatanavin R; Chailurkit L; Saetung S; Thakkinstian A; Nimitphong H · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial404 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  5. Calcium-enriched foods and bone mass growth in prepubertal girls: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bonjour JP; Carrie AL; Ferrari S; Clavien H; Slosman D; Theintz G; Rizzoli R · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997
    Randomized trial149 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  6. The Association between Dietary and Circulating Copper Levels and Osteoporosis: a Scoping Review.
    Ju Y; Xiong W; Pang Y; Chen Z; Hou J; Zheng S; Li Z; Liu T; Xia H; Xia M; Zhong Y; Li J; Jiang X · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Scoping review18 studies pooledBone Health forCopper
  7. Association between dietary copper, iron, zinc, selenium intake and osteopenia or osteoporosis in elderly hypertensive patients: a retrospective cohort study.
    Chen M; Jia L; Gao R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort study5,286 participantsBone Health forCopper
  8. Associations of dietary copper intake with total bone mineral density and lumbar spine bone mineral density in American adults.
    Hu M; Wang Z; Li C; Zheng Y; Hu J · Medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forCopper
  9. The association between dietary mineral intake and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.
    Wei M; Wei J; Huang S · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study11,520 participantsBone Health forCopper
  10. Association between dietary copper intake and bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years: A cross-sectional study.
    Cui A; Yan J; Li H; Fan Z; Wei X; Wang H; Zhuang Y · PloS one · 2024
    Cross-sectional study6,965 participantsBone Health forCopper
  11. Association between RBC folate and lumbar bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2009-2018.
    Wei H; Jin Z; Zhou L; Tang G; Chai S; Che X; Tan Y; Zeng W · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,315 participantsBone Health forFolate
  12. Genetic variants modify the associations of concentrations of methylmalonic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate with bone mineral density.
    Liu CT; Karasik D; Xu H; Zhou Y; Broe K; Cupples LA; Cpgm de Groot L; Ham A; Hannan MT; Hsu YH; Jacques P; McLean RR; Paul L; Selhub J; Trajanoska K; van der Velde N; van Schoor N; Kiel DP · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021
    Cohort study4,310 participantsBone Health forFolate
  13. Adequate Intake and Supplementation of B Vitamins, in Particular Folic Acid, can Play a Protective Role in Bone Health.
    Rondanelli M; Tartara A; Fossari F; Vecchio V; Faliva MA; Naso M; Perna S; Nichetti M; Peroni G · Current aging science · 2022
    Narrative review35,298 participants29 studies pooledBone Health forFolate
  14. Relation of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 to bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.
    Cagnacci A; Baldassari F; Rivolta G; Arangino S; Volpe A · Bone · 2004
    Cross-sectional study161 participantsBone Health forFolate
  15. Dietary intake of folate, but not vitamin B2 or B12, is associated with increased bone mineral density 5 years after the menopause: results from a 10-year follow-up study in early postmenopausal women.
    Rejnmark L; Vestergaard P; Hermann AP; Brot C; Eiken P; Mosekilde L · Calcified tissue international · 2008
    Cohort study1,869 participantsBone Health forFolate
  16. Association between Serum Magnesium and Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
    Dominguez LJ; Veronese N; Ciriminna S; Pérez-Albela JL; Vásquez-López VF; Rodas-Regalado S; Di Bella G; Parisi A; Tagliaferri F; Barbagallo M · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis119,755 participants4 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  17. Bioabsorbable Magnesium-Based Materials Potential and Safety in Bone Surgery: A Systematic Review.
    Hung CH; Kwok YC; Yip J; Wong HH; Leung YY · Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025
    Systematic review386 participants8 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  18. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
    Zhao D; Huang S; Lu F; Wang B; Yang L; Qin L; Yang K; Li Y; Li W; Wang W; Tian S; Zhang X; Gao W; Wang Z; Zhang Y; Xie X; Wang J; Li J · Biomaterials · 2016
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  19. An update on magnesium and bone health.
    Rondanelli M; Faliva MA; Tartara A; Gasparri C; Perna S; Infantino V; Riva A; Petrangolini G; Peroni G · Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022
    Narrative reviewBone Health forMagnesium
  20. Sex-specific differences in the association of magnesium intake with femoral neck bone mineral density among older adults.
    Wang B; Tan X; Yao X; Zhu Z · Endocrine connections · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,343 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  21. Risk of Environmental Chemicals on Bone Fractures Is Independent of Low Bone Mass in US Adults: Insights from 2017 to 2018 NHANES.
    Ling R; Ai Y; Chen C; Zhang J; Zou Z; Cheng S; Li C; Li X; Wang B · Metabolites · 2023
    Cross-sectional study2,640 participantsBone Health forManganese
  22. The Manganese-Bone Connection: Investigating the Role of Manganese in Bone Health.
    Taskozhina G; Batyrova G; Umarova G; Issanguzhina Z; Kereyeva N · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Narrative reviewBone Health forManganese
  23. Associations of multiple metals with bone mineral density: A population-based study in US adults.
    Wei MH; Cui Y; Zhou HL; Song WJ; Di DS; Zhang RY; Huang Q; Liu JA; Wang Q · Chemosphere · 2021
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forManganese
  24. Sex-specific associations of urinary mixed-metal concentrations with femoral bone mineral density among older people: an NHANES (2017-2020) analysis.
    Li H; Li G; Yi M; Zhou J; Deng Y; Huang Y; He S; Meng X; Liu L · Frontiers in public health · 2024
    Cross-sectional study31 participantsBone Health forManganese
  25. Relationship between blood manganese and bone mineral density and bone mineral content in adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.
    Wang C; Zhu Y; Long H; Ou M; Zhao S · PloS one · 2022
    Cross-sectional study9,732 participantsBone Health forManganese
  26. Can Dietary Intake of Vitamin C-Oriented Foods Reduce the Risk of Osteoporosis, Fracture, and BMD Loss? Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses of Recent Studies.
    Zeng LF; Luo MH; Liang GH; Yang WY; Xiao X; Wei X; Yu J; Guo D; Chen HY; Pan JK; Huang HT; Liu Q; Guan ZT; Han YH; Zhao D; Zhao JL; Hou SR; Wu M; Lin JT; Li JH; Liang WX; Ou AH; Wang Q; Li ZP; Liu J · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020
    Meta-analysis19,484 participants17 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin C
  27. Dietary vitamin C intake and the risk of hip fracture: a dose-response meta-analysis.
    Sun Y; Liu C; Bo Y; You J; Zhu Y; Duan D; Cui H; Lu Q · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2019
    Meta-analysis6 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin C
  28. Smoking, antioxidant vitamins, and the risk of hip fracture.
    Melhus H; Michaëlsson K; Holmberg L; Wolk A; Ljunghall S · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1999
    Cohort study66,651 participantsBone Health forVitamin C
  29. Micronutrients and the risk of hip fracture: Case-control study.
    Torbergsen AC; Watne LO; Wyller TB; Frihagen F; Strømsøe K; Bøhmer T; Mowe M · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2018
    Case-control study189 participantsBone Health forVitamin C
  30. Favorable effect of dietary vitamin C on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women (KNHANES IV, 2009): discrepancies regarding skeletal sites, age, and vitamin D status.
    Kim YA; Kim KM; Lim S; Choi SH; Moon JH; Kim JH; Kim SW; Jang HC; Shin CS · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016
    Cross-sectional study1,196 participantsBone Health forVitamin C
  31. Pregnancy vitamin D supplementation and offspring bone mineral density in childhood follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.
    Moon RJ; D' Angelo S; Curtis EM; Ward KA; Crozier SR; Schoenmakers I; Javaid MK; Bishop NJ; Godfrey KM; Cooper C; Harvey NC; MAVIDOS Trial Group · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024
    Randomized trial454 participantsBone Health forVitamin D
  32. Vitamin D analogs and bone: preclinical and clinical studies with eldecalcitol.
    Matsumoto T; Takano T; Saito H; Takahashi F · BoneKEy reports · 2014
    Narrative reviewBone Health forVitamin D
  33. Efficacy of vitamin D fortified foods on bone mineral density and serum bone biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies.
    Tangestani H; Djafarian K; Emamat H; Arabzadegan N; Shab-Bidar S · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2020
    Meta-analysis1,786 participants20 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin D
  34. Cholecalciferol Supplementation Attenuates Bone Loss in Incident Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prespecified Secondary Endpoint Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Tsujita M; Doi Y; Obi Y; Hamano T; Tomosugi T; Futamura K; Okada M; Hiramitsu T; Goto N; Isaka Y; Takeda A; Narumi S; Watarai Y · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022
    Randomized trial193 participantsBone Health forVitamin D
  35. Vitamin D supplementation and bone health in post-menopausal women: a 24-month randomized controlled intervention with enhanced bioavailability formulations.
    Rasool N; Munir Y · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial612 participantsBone Health forVitamin D
  36. Increased incidence of fractures in middle-aged and elderly men with low intakes of phosphorus and zinc.
    Elmståhl S; Gullberg B; Janzon L; Johnell O; Elmståhl B · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 1999
    Cohort study6,576 participantsBone Health forZinc
  37. Zinc Supplementation Increases Procollagen Type 1 Amino-Terminal Propeptide in Premenarcheal Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Berger PK; Pollock NK; Laing EM; Chertin V; Bernard PJ; Grider A; Shapses SA; Ding KH; Isales CM; Lewis RD · The Journal of nutrition · 2016
    Randomized trial147 participantsBone Health forZinc
  38. Randomized controlled trial of prenatal zinc supplementation and fetal bone growth.
    Merialdi M; Caulfield LE; Zavaleta N; Figueroa A; Costigan KA; Dominici F; Dipietro JA · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2004
    Randomized trial242 participantsBone Health forZinc
  39. The effects of zinc supplementation on serum zinc, alkaline phosphatase activity and fracture healing of bones.
    Sadighi A; Roshan MM; Moradi A; Ostadrahimi A · Saudi medical journal · 2009
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forZinc
  40. Is Zinc an Important Trace Element on Bone-Related Diseases and Complications? A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review from Serum Level, Dietary Intake, and Supplementation Aspects.
    Ceylan MN; Akdas S; Yazihan N · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Meta-analysis40 studies pooledBone Health forZinc
  41. Human molybdenum exposure risk in industrial regions of China: New critical effect indicators and reference dose.
    Kuang HX; Li MY; Zeng XW; Chen D; Zhou Y; Zheng T; Xiang MD; Wu QZ; Chen XC; Dong GH; Yu YJ · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2024
    Cross-sectional study2,267 participantsDetoxification forMolybdenum
  42. Supplementation with selenium can influence nausea, fatigue, physical, renal, and liver function of children and adolescents with cancer.
    Vieira ML; Fonseca FL; Costa LG; Beltrame RL; Chaves CM; Cartum J; Alves SI; Azzalis LA; Junqueira VB; Pereria EC; Rocha KC · Journal of medicinal food · 2015
    Randomized trialDetoxification forSelenium
  43. [Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients].
    Gorozhanskaia ÉG; Sviridova SP; Dobrovol'skaia MM; Zybrikhina GN; Kashnia ShR · Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2014
    Single-arm trial40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  44. Comprehensive Insights into the Health Effects of Selenium Exposure and Supplementation Among the Chinese Community Middle-Aged and Elderly: a Combined Retrospective Cohort Study and Intervention Study.
    Li C; Peng X; Zheng J; Shi K; Qin L; Yang Q; Wang Z; Liu Y; Huang L · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Other40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  45. Heavy metals and metalloids exposure and liver function in Chinese adults - A nationally representative cross-sectional study.
    Wang S; Lyu Y; Ji S; Liu N; Wu B; Zhao F; Li Z; Qu Y; Zhu Y; Xie L; Li Y; Zhang Z; Song H; Hu X; Qiu Y; Zheng X; Zhang W; Yang Y; Li F; Cai J; Zhu Y; Cao Z; Tan F; Shi X · Environmental research · 2024
    Cross-sectional study9,445 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  46. Selenium-Biofortified Strawberries Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Hepatic Function: A 30-Day Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults.
    Vasto S; Di Rosa L; Ferrantelli V; Fiore AS; Giordano CP; Cannizzaro A; Sabatino L; Macaluso A; Caldarella R; Caldara GF; Baldassano S · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial35 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  47. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates liver function profile and antiviral treatment response in Hepatitis C patients.
    Nayila I; Javed MS; Khan MA; Hussain G; Raza Naqvi SA; Ali S; Jabeen Z; Shahnawaz S; Akram R; Iman T; Hassan Dogar MZ; Malik SA · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Non-randomized trial200 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  48. Effect of ascorbic acid-rich diet on in vivo-induced oxidative stress.
    Alleva R; Di Donato F; Strafella E; Staffolani S; Nocchi L; Borghi B; Pignotti E; Santarelli L; Tomasetti M · The British journal of nutrition · 2012
    Non-randomized trial46 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  49. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults.
    Luo X; Zhang W; He Z; Yang H; Gao J; Wu P; Ma ZF · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Observational study8,307 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  50. Plasma ascorbate deficiency is associated with impaired reduction of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso in HIV infection.
    Trepanier LA; Yoder AR; Bajad S; Beckwith MD; Bellehumeur JL; Graziano FM · Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2005
    Observational studyDetoxification forVitamin C
  51. Roles of endogenous ascorbate and glutathione in the cellular reduction and cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso.
    Lavergne SN; Kurian JR; Bajad SU; Maki JE; Yoder AR; Guzinski MV; Graziano FM; Trepanier LA · Toxicology · 2006
    Clinical trial53 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  52. [Therapy of Wilson disease].
    Smolarek C; Stremmel W · Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie · 1999
    Narrative reviewDetoxification forZinc
  53. Efficacy of Zinc Supplement in Minimal hepatic Encephalopathy: A prospective, Randomized Controlled Study (Zinc-MHE Trial).
    Janyajirawong R; Vilaichone RK; Sethasine S · Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021
    Randomized trial69 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  54. Effect of zinc on liver cirrhosis with hyperammonemia: a preliminary randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial.
    Katayama K; Saito M; Kawaguchi T; Endo R; Sawara K; Nishiguchi S; Kato A; Kohgo H; Suzuki K; Sakaida I; Ueno Y; Habu D; Ito T; Moriwaki H; Suzuki K · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2015
    Randomized trial18 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  55. Effects of low dose zinc supplementation on biochemical markers in non-alcoholic cirrhosis: a randomized clinical trial.
    Somi MH; Rezaeifar P; Ostad Rahimi A; Moshrefi B · Archives of Iranian medicine · 2012
    Randomized trial60 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  56. Correlation of Serum Zinc Levels with Hepatic Encephalopathy Severity in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective Observational Study from Egypt.
    Semeya AA; Elgamal R; Othman AAA · Biological trace element research · 2025
    Observational study200 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  57. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial.
    Hausenblas HA; Lynch T; Hooper S; Shrestha A; Rosendale D; Gu J · Sleep medicine: X · 2025
    Randomized trial80 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  58. Total magnesium intake and risk of frailty in older women.
    Struijk EA; Fung TT; Bischoff-Ferrari HA; Willett WC; Lopez-Garcia E · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2024
    Cohort study81,524 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  59. Red blood cell magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Cox IM; Campbell MJ; Dowson D · Lancet (London, England) · 1991
    Randomized trial32 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  60. Exercise, magnesium and immune function.
    Laires MJ; Monteiro C · Magnesium research · 2008
    Narrative reviewEnergy forMagnesium
  61. Physicochemical properties of and volatile compounds in riboflavin fortified cloudy apple juice; study of its effect on job fatigue among Egyptian construction workers.
    Fouad S; Ibrahim GE; Hussein AMS; Ibrahim FA; El Gendy A · Heliyon · 2021
    Non-randomized trialEnergy forRiboflavin
  62. Vitamin B status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Heap LC; Peters TJ; Wessely S · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 1999
    Case-control study30 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  63. B-vitamins, related vitamers, and metabolites in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease and chronic fatigue treated with high dose oral thiamine.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Hansen MM; Ueland P; Dahlerup JF · Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023
    Observational studyEnergy forRiboflavin
  64. Metabolic features of chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Naviaux RK; Naviaux JC; Li K; Bright AT; Alaynick WA; Wang L; Baxter A; Nathan N; Anderson W; Gordon E · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Case-control study84 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  65. Effectiveness of Riboflavin in Inherited Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review
    Bregje Jaeger, Nina N Stolwijk, Femke Aaldering, Charlotte A Ruys, Marije Smits, Nicole I Wolf, Carla E M Hollak, Annet M Bosch · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · 2026
    Systematic review381 studies pooledEnergy forRiboflavin
  66. Influence of thiamin supplementation on the health and general well-being of an elderly Irish population with marginal thiamin deficiency.
    Smidt LJ; Cremin FM; Grivetti LE; Clifford AJ · Journal of gerontology · 1991
    Randomized trial80 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  67. Randomised clinical trial: high-dose oral thiamine versus placebo for chronic fatigue in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021
    Randomized trial40 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  68. Dietary reference values for thiamin.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Turck D; Bresson JL; Burlingame B; Dean T; Fairweather-Tait S; Heinonen M; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Nowicka G; Pentieva K; Sanz Y; Siani A; Sjödin A; Stern M; Tomé D; Van Loveren H; Vinceti M; Willatts P; Lamberg-Allardt C; Przyrembel H; Tetens I; Gudelj Rakic J; Ioannidou S; de Sesmaisons-Lecarré A; Forss AC; Neuhäuser-Berthold M · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusEnergy forThiamin
  69. Effects of thiamine supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue.
    Suzuki M; Itokawa Y · Metabolic brain disease · 1996
    Randomized trial16 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  70. Long-term maintenance treatment with 300 mg thiamine for fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from an open-label extension of the TARIF study.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2022
    Randomized trialEnergy forThiamin
  71. Intakes of Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 in Relation to All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A National Population-Based Cohort.
    Bo Y; Xu H; Zhang H; Zhang J; Wan Z; Zhao X; Yu Z · Nutrients · 2022
    Cohort study55,569 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  72. The responsiveness of plasma homocysteine to small increases in dietary folic acid: a primary care study.
    Schorah CJ; Devitt H; Lucock M; Dowell AC · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1998
    Randomized trial119 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  73. Associations of Serum Folate and Homocysteine Concentrations with All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Men and Women in Korea: the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study.
    Song S; Song BM; Park HY · The Journal of nutrition · 2023
    Cohort study21,260 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  74. The concept of folic acid supplementation and its role in prevention of neural tube defect among pregnant women: PRISMA.
    Seyoum Tola F · Medicine · 2024
    Systematic reviewGeneral Health forFolate
  75. Systematic review of adverse health outcomes associated with high serum or red blood cell folate concentrations.
    Colapinto CK; O'Connor DL; Sampson M; Williams B; Tremblay MS · Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2017
    Systematic review71,847 participants46 studies pooledGeneral Health forFolate
  76. Perioperative systemic magnesium to minimize postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    De Oliveira GS; Castro-Alves LJ; Khan JH; McCarthy RJ · Anesthesiology · 2013
    Meta-analysis1,257 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forMagnesium
  77. Long-term outcome after intravenous magnesium sulphate in suspected acute myocardial infarction: the second Leicester Intravenous Magnesium Intervention Trial (LIMIT-2).
    Woods KL; Fletcher S · Lancet (London, England) · 1994
    Randomized trial2,316 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  78. Association of magnesium sulfate use with mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.
    Gu WJ; Duan XJ; Liu XZ; Cen Y; Tao LY; Lyu J; Yin HY · British journal of anaesthesia · 2023
    Cohort study10,999 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  79. Hypomagnesemia and Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis Patients.
    Li L; Streja E; Rhee CM; Mehrotra R; Soohoo M; Brunelli SM; Kovesdy CP; Kalantar-Zadeh K · American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2016
    Cohort study9,359 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  80. The effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.
    Jaripur M; Ghasemi-Tehrani H; Askari G; Gholizadeh-Moghaddam M; Clark CCT; Rouhani MH · Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022
    Randomized trial64 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  81. Associations of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
    Cui Z; Xie R; Lu X; Schomburg L; Brenner H; Schöttker B · Redox biology · 2025
    Meta-analysis95 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  82. Dietary Antioxidants, Circulating Antioxidant Concentrations, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.
    Jayedi A; Rashidy-Pour A; Parohan M; Zargar MS; Shab-Bidar S · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019
    Meta-analysis507,251 participants41 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  83. The efficacy and safety of selenium supplementation versus placebo in the treatment of Graves' orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
    Sharabati I; Qafesha RM; Hindawi MD; Amro S; Ayesh BM · Clinical endocrinology · 2024
    Meta-analysis4 studies pooledGeneral Health Vision Support forSelenium
  84. Associations of plasma metal concentrations with the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Chinese adults.
    Shi L; Yuan Y; Xiao Y; Long P; Li W; Yu Y; Liu Y; Liu K; Wang H; Zhou L; Yang H; Li X; He M; Wu T · Environment international · 2021
    Cohort study6,155 participantsGeneral Health forSelenium
  85. Updates on clinical studies of selenium supplementation in radiotherapy.
    Puspitasari IM; Abdulah R; Yamazaki C; Kameo S; Nakano T; Koyama H · Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2015
    Systematic review16 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  86. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  87. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  88. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  89. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  90. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  91. The Role of Sesbania grandiflora-Derived Biotin and Bambusa arundinacea-Derived Silica Extracts in Promoting Hair, Skin, and Nail Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.
    Patel MN; Maheshvari J; Patel N · Cureus · 2025
    Randomized trial105 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  92. Low serum biotinidase activity in children with valproic acid monotherapy.
    Schulpis KH; Karikas GA; Tjamouranis J; Regoutas S; Tsakiris S · Epilepsia · 2001
    Clinical trial125 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  93. Vitamins A, B, C, and D: A Short Review for the Dermatologist.
    Coerdt KM; Goggins CA; Khachemoune A · Alternative therapies in health and medicine · 2021
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  94. The Infatuation With Biotin Supplementation: Is There Truth Behind Its Rising Popularity? A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Efficacy versus Social Popularity.
    Soleymani T; Lo Sicco K; Shapiro J · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2018
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  95. Menkes disease and response to copper histidine: An Indian case series.
    Yoganathan S; Sudhakar SV; Arunachal G; Thomas M; Subramanian A; George R; Danda S · Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2022
    Case series4 participantsHair Health forCopper
  96. Trace element levels in alopecia areata.
    Bhat YJ; Manzoor S; Khan AR; Qayoom S · Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology · 2009
    Case-control study100 participantsHair Health forCopper
  97. UV damage to hair and the effect of antioxidants and metal chelators.
    Millington KR; Marsh JM · International journal of cosmetic science · 2021
    In vitro / ex vivo studyHair Health forCopper
  98. Preserving fibre health: reducing oxidative stress throughout the life of the hair fibre.
    Marsh JM; Davis MG; Lucas RL; Reilman R; Styczynski PB; Li C; Mamak M; McComb DW; Williams RE; Godfrey S; Navqi KR; Chechik V · International journal of cosmetic science · 2016
    In vitro / ex vivo studyHair Health forCopper
  99. Beyond Efficacy: 0.6% Selenium Disulfide Shampoo Matches 2% Ketoconazole for Seborrheic Dermatitis with Superior Cosmesis.
    Farris PK; Barbosa V; Houshman EB; Kovylkina N · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2026
    Randomized trial87 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  100. Selenium Disulfide-based shampoo applied for 4 weeks significantly improves dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
    Turcu G; Artenie C; Nowicka D; Arenbergerová M; Lazaridou E; Khobzei K; Ataseven A; Part M; Leclerc-Mercier S · European journal of dermatology : EJD · 2023
    Observational study1,407 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  101. A Comparative Randomized Clinical Study Assessing the Efficacy of a 1% Selenium Disulfide-Based Shampoo versus 2% Ketoconazole Shampoo in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis.
    Barbosa V; Melo DF; Vañó-Galván S; Lutchmanen-Kolanthan V; Sant'Anna B; Leclerc-Mercier S; Reygagne P · Skin appendage disorders · 2025
    Randomized trial64 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  102. Changes of serum trace elements level in patients with alopecia areata: A meta-analysis.
    Jin W; Zheng H; Shan B; Wu Y · The Journal of dermatology · 2018
    Meta-analysis764 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  103. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; de Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Peláez C; Pentieva K; Siani A; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Aggett P; Crous Bou M; Cubadda F; Ciccolallo L; de Sesmaisons Lecarré A; Fabiani L; Titz A; Naska A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023
    Systematic reviewHair Health forSelenium
  104. Management of hair loss associated with endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer: an overview.
    Karatas F; Sahin S; Sever AR; Altundag K · SpringerPlus · 2016
    Narrative reviewHair Health forVitamin C
  105. Elucidating causal relationships of diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of non-scarring alopecia: A Mendelian randomization study.
    Ba Y; Shen L; Peng X; Zhang Y; Wang J · Medicine · 2024
    Methods validation study201,019 participantsHair Health forVitamin C
  106. Alterations of plasma antioxidants and mitochondrial DNA mutation in hair follicles of smokers.
    Liu CS; Chen HW; Lii CK; Tsai CS; Kuo CL; Wei YH · Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2002
    Observational studyHair Health forVitamin C
  107. Removal of synthetic hair dye using formamidine sulfinic acid and other sulfinate precursors.
    Hawkes JA; Lewis DM; Mama J; Murray J · International journal of cosmetic science · 2026
    Methods validation studyHair Health forVitamin C
  108. A Zinc Sulphate-Resistant Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Patient with a Novel Mutation in SLC39A4 Gene.
    Kilic M; Taskesen M; Coskun T; Gürakan F; Tokatli A; Sivri HS; Dursun A; Schmitt S; Küry S · JIMD reports · 2013
    Case reportHair Health forVitamin C
  109. Increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Lee S; Kim BJ; Lee CH; Lee WS · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2018
    Meta-analysis2,039 participants14 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  110. Intralesional vitamin D3 in treatment of alopecia areata: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
    Rashad AF; Elgamal E; Fouda I · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2022
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  111. Vitamin D and its Analogs in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Alopecia Areata: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Alsaati AA; Kaliyadan F; Alsaadoun D; Alzakry LM; Alzabadin RA; Hakami TH; Rubaian NFB · Indian dermatology online journal · 2025
    Meta-analysisHair Health forVitamin D
  112. Topical calcipotriol vs narrowband ultraviolet B in treatment of alopecia areata: a randomized-controlled trial.
    El Taieb MA; Hegazy EM; Ibrahim HM; Osman AB; Abualhamd M · Archives of dermatological research · 2020
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  113. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D in non-scarring alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chen Y; Dong X; Wang Y; Li Y; Xiong L; Li L · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2024
    Meta-analysis10,670 participants23 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  114. Effects of tocotrienol supplementation on hair growth in human volunteers.
    Beoy LA; Woei WJ; Hay YK · Tropical life sciences research · 2014
    Randomized trial38 participantsHair Health forVitamin E
  115. Effects of dietary supplements on androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
    Zhou L; Zhu W; Chen Y · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,658 participants19 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin E
  116. Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of Nutritional Supplements for Treating Hair Loss: A Systematic Review.
    Drake L; Reyes-Hadsall S; Martinez J; Heinrich C; Huang K; Mostaghimi A · JAMA dermatology · 2023
    Systematic review30 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin E
  117. The effects of minoxidil, 1% pyrithione zinc and a combination of both on hair density: a randomized controlled trial.
    Berger RS; Fu JL; Smiles KA; Turner CB; Schnell BM; Werchowski KM; Lammers KM · The British journal of dermatology · 2003
    Randomized trial200 participantsHair Health forZinc
  118. Incubatory environment of the scalp impacts pre-emergent hair to affect post-emergent hair cuticle integrity.
    Schwartz JR; Henry JP; Kerr KM; Flagler MJ; Page SH; Redman-Furey N · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2018
    Randomized trialHair Health forZinc
  119. A comparison of hair quality and cosmetic acceptance following the use of two anti-dandruff shampoos.
    Draelos ZD; Kenneally DC; Hodges LT; Billhimer W; Copas M; Margraf C · The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings · 2006
    Randomized trial40 participantsHair Health forZinc
  120. BMI and levels of zinc, copper in hair, serum and urine of Turkish male patients with androgenetic alopecia.
    Ozturk P; Kurutas E; Ataseven A; Dokur N; Gumusalan Y; Gorur A; Tamer L; Inaloz S · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2015
    Case-control study216 participantsHair Health forZinc
  121. Analysis of serum zinc and copper concentrations in hair loss.
    Kil MS; Kim CW; Kim SS · Annals of dermatology · 2013
    Case-control study342 participantsHair Health forZinc
  122. Hypomagnesemia Is a Risk Factor for Infections after Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.
    Odler B; Deak AT; Pregartner G; Riedl R; Bozic J; Trummer C; Prenner A; Söllinger L; Krall M; Höflechner L; Hebesberger C; Boxler MS; Berghold A; Schemmer P; Pilz S; Rosenkranz AR · Nutrients · 2021
    Cohort study376 participantsImmunity forMagnesium
  123. Higher Intake of Dietary Magnesium Is Inversely Associated With COVID-19 Severity and Symptoms in Hospitalized Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.
    Nouri-Majd S; Ebrahimzadeh A; Mousavi SM; Zargarzadeh N; Eslami M; Santos HO; Taghizadeh M; Milajerdi A · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cross-sectional study250 participantsImmunity forMagnesium
  124. Mg2+ regulates cytotoxic functions of NK and CD8 T cells in chronic EBV infection through NKG2D.
    Chaigne-Delalande B; Li FY; O'Connor GM; Lukacs MJ; Jiang P; Zheng L; Shatzer A; Biancalana M; Pittaluga S; Matthews HF; Jancel TJ; Bleesing JJ; Marsh RA; Kuijpers TW; Nichols KE; Lucas CL; Nagpal S; Mehmet H; Su HC; Cohen JI; Uzel G; Lenardo MJ · Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2013
    Single-arm trialImmunity forMagnesium
  125. Effect of magnesium on granulocyte function and on the exercise induced inflammatory response.
    Mooren FC; Golf SW; Völker K · Magnesium research · 2003
    Randomized trialImmunity forMagnesium
  126. Maternal and neonatal outcomes following magnesium sulfate in the setting of chorioamnionitis: a meta-analysis.
    Pergialiotis V; Sapantzoglou I; Rodolaki K; Varthaliti A; Theodora M; Antsaklis P; Thomakos N; Stavros S; Daskalakis G; Papapanagiotou A · Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024
    Meta-analysis6,559 participants8 studies pooledImmunity forMagnesium
  127. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  128. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  129. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  130. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  131. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  132. Depressed immune response to tetanus in children with vitamin A deficiency.
    Semba RD; Muhilal; Scott AL; Natadisastra G; Wirasasmita S; Mele L; Ridwan E; West KP; Sommer A · The Journal of nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial236 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  133. Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants.
    Roy SK; Islam A; Molla A; Akramuzzaman SM; Jahan F; Fuchs G · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1997
    Randomized trial50 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  134. Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
    Coutsoudis A; Broughton M; Coovadia HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  135. Vitamin A supplementation enhances specific IgG antibody levels and total lymphocyte numbers while improving morbidity in measles.
    Coutsoudis A; Kiepiela P; Coovadia HM; Broughton M · The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 1992
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  136. Vitamin A supplementation reduces the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 intestinal immune response of Mexican children.
    Long KZ; Santos JI; Estrada Garcia T; Haas M; Firestone M; Bhagwat J; Dupont HL; Hertzmark E; Rosado JL; Nanthakumar NN · The Journal of nutrition · 2006
    Randomized trial127 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  137. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  138. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  139. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  140. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  141. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  142. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
    Martineau AR; Jolliffe DA; Greenberg L; Aloia JF; Bergman P; Dubnov-Raz G; Esposito S; Ganmaa D; Ginde AA; Goodall EC; Grant CC; Janssens W; Jensen ME; Kerley CP; Laaksi I; Manaseki-Holland S; Mauger D; Murdoch DR; Neale R; Rees JR; Simpson S; Stelmach I; Trilok Kumar G; Urashima M; Camargo CA; Griffiths CJ; Hooper RL · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020
    Meta-analysis11,321 participants25 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  143. Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Zhu Z; Zhu X; Gu L; Zhan Y; Chen L; Li X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis4,859 participants10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  144. Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash.
    Ernst MK; Evans ST; Techner JM; Rothbaum RM; Christensen LF; Onay UV; Biyashev D; Demczuk MM; Nguyen CV; Honda KS; McCormick TS; Tsoi LC; Gudjonsson JE; Cooper KD; Lu KQ · JCI insight · 2023
    Randomized trial28 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  145. Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
    Bychinin MV; Klypa TV; Mandel IA; Yusubalieva GM; Baklaushev VP; Kolyshkina NA; Troitsky AV · Scientific reports · 2022
    Randomized trial110 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
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    Anitua E; Tierno R; Alkhraisat MH · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022
    Meta-analysis50,554 participants65 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
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    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  148. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
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    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  150. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  151. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  152. Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
    Anderson RA; Cheng N; Bryden NA; Polansky MM; Cheng N; Chi J; Feng J · Diabetes · 1997
    Randomized trial180 participantsMetabolism Boost forChromium
  153. Chromium Supplementation and the Effects on Metabolic Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Jamilian M; Asemi Z · Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 2016
    Randomized trial64 participantsMetabolism Boost forChromium
  154. A Comprehensive insight into the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress indices in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.
    Kooshki F; Tutunchi H; Vajdi M; Karimi A; Niazkar HR; Shoorei H; Pourghassem Gargari B · Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology · 2024
    Systematic review33 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forChromium
  155. Comparison of nutritional supplements in improving glycolipid metabolism and endocrine function in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
    Hu X; Wang W; Su X; Peng H; Tan Z; Li Y; Huang Y · PeerJ · 2023
    Meta-analysis2,362 participants41 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forChromium Metabolism Boost forSelenium
  156. [Chromium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes and high risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials].
    San Mauro-Martin I; Ruiz-León AM; Camina-Martín MA; Garicano-Vilar E; Collado-Yurrita L; Mateo-Silleras Bd; Redondo Del Río Mde P · Nutricion hospitalaria · 2017
    Meta-analysis13 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forChromium
  157. Iodine Supplementation Decreases Hypercholesterolemia in Iodine-Deficient, Overweight Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Herter-Aeberli I; Cherkaoui M; El Ansari N; Rohner R; Stinca S; Chabaa L; von Eckardstein A; Aboussad A; Zimmermann MB · The Journal of nutrition · 2015
    Randomized trial163 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  158. Effect of oral iodized oil on thyroid size and thyroid hormone metabolism in children with concurrent selenium and iodine deficiency.
    Zimmermann MB; Adou P; Torresani T; Zeder C; Hurrell RF · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Single-arm trial51 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  159. Serum Iodine Concentration as a Biomarker for Individual Iodine Nutrition and Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hubei Province.
    Xu M; Dai X; Wang Z; Guo C; Zhang B; Guo H · Public health nutrition · 2026
    Cross-sectional study1,197 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  160. Iron status influences the efficacy of iodine prophylaxis in goitrous children in Côte d'Ivoire.
    Zimmermann MB · International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition · 2002
    OtherMetabolism Boost forIodine
  161. Persistence of goiter despite oral iodine supplementation in goitrous children with iron deficiency anemia in Côte d'Ivoire.
    Zimmermann M; Adou P; Torresani T; Zeder C; Hurrell R · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Non-randomized trial109 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  162. Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Asemi Z; Jamilian M; Mesdaghinia E; Esmaillzadeh A · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2016
    Randomized trial70 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  163. Metabolic response to selenium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Jamilian M; Razavi M; Fakhrie Kashan Z; Ghandi Y; Bagherian T; Asemi Z · Clinical endocrinology · 2016
    Randomized trial70 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  164. The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid Metabolism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Karamali M; Dastyar F; Badakhsh MH; Aghadavood E; Amirani E; Asemi Z · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Randomized trial36 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  165. Glycemic and lipid responses to selenium-enriched vs. zeaxanthin-enriched eggs in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 12-week randomized controlled trial.
    Niu X; Zhang Y; Liu Y; Zhu Y; Fang B; Hu C; Xu X; Wang R; Sang Y; Zhang Q; Guo J · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial58 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  166. The effect of curcumin and zinc co-supplementation on glycemic parameters in overweight or obese prediabetic subjects: A phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a multi-arm, parallel-group design.
    Karandish M; Mozaffari-Khosravi H; Mohammadi SM; Cheraghian B; Azhdari M · Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2021
    Randomized trial84 participantsMetabolism Boost Weight Loss forZinc
  167. Relationship between zinc and glucose metabolism in Japanese adults.
    Suka M; Tsuruta H; Takao T; Yanagisawa H · Diabetology international · 2026
    Cross-sectional study533 participantsMetabolism Boost forZinc
  168. Zinc and the Innovative Zinc-α2-Glycoprotein Adipokine Play an Important Role in Lipid Metabolism: A Critical Review.
    Banaszak M; Górna I; Przysławski J · Nutrients · 2021
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forZinc
  169. Capsaicin and Zinc Signalling Pathways as Promising Targets for Managing Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes.
    Ferdowsi PV; Ahuja KDK; Beckett JM; Myers S · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forZinc
  170. Zinc and Diabetes: A Connection between Micronutrient and Metabolism.
    Ahmad R; Shaju R; Atfi A; Razzaque MS · Cells · 2024
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forZinc
  171. Noninferiority of Copper Dressings Than Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Healing Diabetic Wounds: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Melamed E; Dabbah J; Israel T; Kan I; Pinzur MS; Roth T; Borkow G · Advances in wound care · 2026
    Randomized trialSkin Health forCopper
  172. Improvement of facial skin characteristics using copper oxide containing pillowcases: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, randomized study.
    Borkow G; Gabbay J; Lyakhovitsky A; Huszar M · International journal of cosmetic science · 2010
    Randomized trial57 participantsSkin Health forCopper
  173. Radially Electrospun Fibrous Membrane Incorporated with Copper Peroxide Nanodots Capable of Self-Catalyzed Chemodynamic Therapy for Angiogenesis and Healing Acceleration of Diabetic Wounds.
    Huang Y; Qi L; Liu Z; Jiang Y; Wang J; Liu L; Li Y; Zhang L; Feng G · ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023
    Animal experimentSkin Health forCopper
  174. Engineering copper nanoparticle/polysaccharide-immobilized cotton gauze for accelerated healing of Staphylococcus aureus-infected dermal wounds.
    Sahoo M; Banerjee T; Virkar S; Das S; Biswas S; Mitra D · Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2026
    Animal experimentSkin Health forCopper
  175. Stimulation of Healing of Non-Infected Stagnated Diabetic Wounds by Copper Oxide-Impregnated Wound Dressings.
    Melamed E; Rovitsky A; Roth T; Assa L; Borkow G · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021
    Single-arm trialSkin Health forCopper
  176. Comparative clinical trial of bifonazole solution versus selenium sulphide shampoo in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor.
    Chu AC · Dermatologica · 1985
    Randomized trial38 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  177. Selenium supplementation and secondary prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a randomized trial.
    Duffield-Lillico AJ; Slate EH; Reid ME; Turnbull BW; Wilkins PA; Combs GF; Park HK; Gross EG; Graham GF; Stratton MS; Marshall JR; Clark LC; Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group · Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2003
    Randomized trial1,312 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  178. Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
    Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
    Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledSkin Health forSelenium Skin Health forVitamin E Skin Health forZinc
  179. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects of vitamin E and selenium on arsenic-induced skin lesions in Bangladesh.
    Verret WJ; Chen Y; Ahmed A; Islam T; Parvez F; Kibriya MG; Graziano JH; Ahsan H · Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2006
    Randomized trial121 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  180. The Whitening, Moisturizing, Anti-aging Activities, and Skincare Evaluation of Selenium-Enriched Mung Bean Fermentation Broth.
    Wei K; Guo C; Zhu J; Wei Y; Wu M; Huang X; Zhang M; Li J; Wang X; Wang Y; Wei X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Clinical trial31 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  181. Dexpanthenol enhances skin barrier repair and reduces inflammation after sodium lauryl sulphate-induced irritation.
    Proksch E; Nissen HP · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2009
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  182. Comparative trial of 5% dexpanthenol in water-in-oil formulation with 1% hydrocortisone ointment in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis: a pilot study.
    Udompataikul M; Limpa-o-vart D · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2012
    Non-randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  183. Panthenyl triacetate transformation, stimulation of metabolic pathways, and wound-healing properties in the human skin.
    Dell'Acqua G; Schweikert K · Journal of cosmetic science · 2012
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  184. Dexpanthenol modulates gene expression in skin wound healing in vivo.
    Heise R; Skazik C; Marquardt Y; Czaja K; Sebastian K; Kurschat P; Gan L; Denecke B; Ekanayake-Bohlig S; Wilhelm KP; Merk HF; Baron JM · Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2013
    Clinical trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  185. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a novel pantothenic Acid-based dietary supplement in subjects with mild to moderate facial acne.
    Yang M; Moclair B; Hatcher V; Kaminetsky J; Mekas M; Chapas A; Capodice J · Dermatology and therapy · 2014
    Randomized trial48 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  186. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  187. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  188. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  189. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  190. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  191. Randomized controlled trial using vitamins E and D supplementation in atopic dermatitis.
    Javanbakht MH; Keshavarz SA; Djalali M; Siassi F; Eshraghian MR; Firooz A; Seirafi H; Ehsani AH; Chamari M; Mirshafiey A · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2011
    Randomized trial45 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  192. Serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Yang G; Luo M; Lan Q; Shi X; Deng H; Wang N; Xu X; Zhang C · PloS one · 2022
    Meta-analysis20 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin E
  193. Effects of tocotrienol on aging skin: A systematic review.
    Ghazali NI; Mohd Rais RZ; Makpol S; Chin KY; Yap WN; Goon JA · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Systematic reviewSkin Health forVitamin E
  194. Carotenoids and carotenoids plus vitamin E protect against ultraviolet light-induced erythema in humans.
    Stahl W; Heinrich U; Jungmann H; Sies H; Tronnier H · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin E
  195. Sex-related differences in response to zinc pyrithione shampoo vs. non-anti-dandruff shampoo.
    Collins LZ; Baines FL; Matheson JR; Turner GA; Diao Y; Li Y; Pi Y · International journal of cosmetic science · 2019
    Meta-analysis2,088 participants20 studies pooledSkin Health forZinc
  196. Maintenance of an Acidic Skin Surface with a Novel Zinc Lactobionate Emollient Preparation Improves Skin Barrier Function in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
    Andrew PV; Pinnock A; Poyner A; Brown K; Chittock J; Kay LJ; Cork MJ; Danby SG · Dermatology and therapy · 2024
    Cohort study23 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  197. Spatial expression of metallothionein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and Ki-67 in human epidermal wounds treated with zinc and determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry: A randomised double-blind trial.
    Ågren MS; Chafranska L; Eriksen JO; Forman JL; Bjerrum MJ; Schjerling P; Larsen HF; Cottarelli E; Jorgensen LN; Gjerdrum LMR · European journal of cell biology · 2021
    Randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  198. A pilot trial using topical regular crystalline insulin vs. aqueous zinc solution for uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing: Impact on quality of life.
    Attia EA; Belal DM; El Samahy MH; El Hamamsy MH · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2014
    Randomized trial90 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  199. What did we learn in 35 years of research on nutrition and supplements for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review.
    Pameijer EM; Heus P; Damen JAA; Spijker R; Hooft L; Ringens PJ; Imhof SM; van Leeuwen R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2023
    Systematic review27 studies pooledVision Support forCopper
  200. Dietary Nutrient Intake and Progression to Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 and 2.
    Agrón E; Mares J; Clemons TE; Swaroop A; Chew EY; Keenan TDL; AREDS and AREDS2 Research Groups · Ophthalmology · 2021
    Cohort study8,242 participantsVision Support forCopper
  201. Association between late age-related macular degeneration and dietary intake of copper, iron, zinc and selenium: a 2005-2008 NHANES cross-sectional observational study.
    Lu Y; Li C; Liu Y; Wu T; Lu P · BMC ophthalmology · 2025
    Observational study4,996 participantsVision Support forCopper
  202. Associations between dietary nutrient intake and the risk of multiple age-related ocular diseases: evidence from longitudinal analysis.
    Yang Y; Zou H · The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026
    Cohort study103,192 participantsVision Support forCopper
  203. Dietary habits and dietary nutrient intake in patients with age-related macular degeneration: A case-control study.
    Šalková Kráľová J; Kolář P; Kapounová Z; Veselý P; Derflerová Brázdová Z · Central European journal of public health · 2023
    Case-control study151 participantsVision Support forCopper
  204. Efficacy and safety of AZR-MD-001 selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment in adults with meibomian gland dysfunction: A vehicle-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
    Watson SL; Jones LW; Stapleton F; Hinds M; Ng A; Tan J; Alster Y; Bosworth C; Rafaeli O; DePuy V; CELESTIAL STUDY Group · The ocular surface · 2026
    Randomized trial245 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  205. Efficacy and safety of AZR-MD-001 selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment in adults with meibomian gland dysfunction over six months of treatment: A Phase 2, vehicle-controlled, randomized extension trial.
    Downie LE; Craig JP; Stapleton F; Tan J; Jones LW; Ng A; Hinds M; Bosworth C; Alster Y · The ocular surface · 2025
    Randomized trial245 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  206. AZR-MD-001 0.5% selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment for the treatment of contact lens discomfort: A vehicle-controlled, randomized, clinical trial.
    Stapleton F; Hinds M; Tan J; Jones L; Chalmers R; Bosworth C; Alster Y · The ocular surface · 2025
    Randomized trial67 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  207. The effect of a biweekly novel selenium sulfide-containing topical treatment in symptomatic contact lens wearers: An exploratory study.
    Stapleton F; Jia T; DePuy V; Bosworth C; Gleeson M; Tan J · The ocular surface · 2025
    Randomized trial14 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  208. A randomized trial of vitamin A and vitamin E supplementation for retinitis pigmentosa.
    Berson EL; Rosner B; Sandberg MA; Hayes KC; Nicholson BW; Weigel-DiFranco C; Willett W · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1993
    Randomized trial601 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  209. Efficacy and safety of retinol palmitate ophthalmic solution in the treatment of dry eye: a Japanese Phase II clinical trial.
    Toshida H; Funaki T; Ono K; Tabuchi N; Watanabe S; Seki T; Otake H; Kato T; Ebihara N; Murakami A · Drug design, development and therapy · 2018
    Randomized trial66 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  210. Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age.
    Imdad A; Mayo-Wilson E; Haykal MR; Regan A; Sidhu J; Smith A; Bhutta ZA · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Meta-analysis1,223,856 participants47 studies pooledVision Support forVitamin A
  211. Vitamin A supplementation improves retinal function in infants at risk of retinopathy of prematurity.
    Mactier H; McCulloch DL; Hamilton R; Galloway P; Bradnam MS; Young D; Lavy T; Farrell L; Weaver LT · The Journal of pediatrics · 2012
    Randomized trial89 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  212. Effect of short-term, high-dose retinol on dark adaptation in aging and early age-related maculopathy.
    Owsley C; McGwin G; Jackson GR; Heimburger DC; Piyathilake CJ; Klein R; White MF; Kallies K · Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2006
    Randomized trial104 participantsVision Support forVitamin A
  213. Role of Oral Vitamin 'C' on Astigmatic Errors in Phacoemulsification.
    Mohan S; Sah K; Khattri M; Ahmad L; Sachan SK · Current eye research · 2021
    Randomized trial400 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  214. Ascorbic acid metabolites are involved in intraocular pressure control in the general population.
    Hysi PG; Khawaja AP; Menni C; Tamraz B; Wareham N; Khaw KT; Foster PJ; Benet LZ; Spector TD; Hammond CJ · Redox biology · 2019
    Observational studyVision Support forVitamin C
  215. Nutritional modulation of cataract.
    Weikel KA; Garber C; Baburins A; Taylor A · Nutrition reviews · 2014
    Narrative reviewVision Support forVitamin C
  216. Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C, and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan.
    Aoki A; Inoue M; Nguyen E; Obata R; Kadonosono K; Shinkai S; Hashimoto H; Sasaki S; Yanagi Y · Scientific reports · 2017
    Case-control study530 participantsVision Support forVitamin C Vision Support forVitamin E
  217. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, lifestyle and age-related macular degeneration: the Coimbra Eye Study - report 3.
    Raimundo M; Mira F; Cachulo MDL; Barreto P; Ribeiro L; Farinha C; Laíns I; Nunes S; Alves D; Figueira J; Merle BM; Delcourt C; Santos L; Silva R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2019
    Case-control study883 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  218. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
    Meta-analysis55,614 participants4 studies pooledVision Support forVitamin E
  219. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study.
    Christen WG; Liu S; Glynn RJ; Gaziano JM; Buring JE · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2008
    Cohort study35,551 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  220. Long-term nutrient intake and 5-year change in nuclear lens opacities.
    Jacques PF; Taylor A; Moeller S; Hankinson SE; Rogers G; Tung W; Ludovico J; Willett WC; Chylack LT · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2005
    Cohort study408 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  221. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of age-related macular degeneration.
    van Leeuwen R; Boekhoorn S; Vingerling JR; Witteman JC; Klaver CC; Hofman A; de Jong PT · JAMA · 2005
    Cohort study4,765 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  222. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2002
    Systematic review170 participants7 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  223. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Meta-analysis3,790 participants5 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  224. Oral zinc in macular degeneration.
    Newsome DA; Swartz M; Leone NC; Elston RC; Miller E · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1988
    Randomized trial151 participantsVision Support forZinc
  225. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.
    Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2001
    Randomized trial3,640 participantsVision Support forZinc
  226. Effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on the nutriture of children in Northeast Thailand.
    Udomkesmalee E; Dhanamitta S; Sirisinha S; Charoenkiatkul S; Tuntipopipat S; Banjong O; Rojroongwasinkul N; Kramer TR; Smith JC · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial133 participantsVision Support forZinc
  227. The Influences of Chromium Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Heart Disease.
    Farrokhian A; Mahmoodian M; Bahmani F; Amirani E; Shafabakhsh R; Asemi Z · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Randomized trial64 participantsWeight Loss forChromium
  228. Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
    Martin J; Wang ZQ; Zhang XH; Wachtel D; Volaufova J; Matthews DE; Cefalu WT · Diabetes care · 2006
    Randomized trial37 participantsWeight Loss forChromium
  229. Chromium picolinate reduces insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: Randomized controlled trial.
    Ashoush S; Abou-Gamrah A; Bayoumy H; Othman N · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2017
    Randomized trial100 participantsWeight Loss forChromium
  230. Chromium supplementation and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Fazelian S; Rouhani MH; Bank SS; Amani R · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2018
    Meta-analysis351 participants7 studies pooledWeight Loss forChromium
  231. Chromium picolinate balances the metabolic and clinical markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Kooshki F; Moradi F; Karimi A; Niazkar HR; Khoshbaten M; Maleki V; Pourghassem Gargari B · European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021
    Randomized trial46 participantsWeight Loss forChromium
  232. Iodine deficiency among Belgian pregnant women not fully corrected by iodine-containing multivitamins: a national cross-sectional survey.
    Vandevijvere S; Amsalkhir S; Mourri AB; Van Oyen H; Moreno-Reyes R · The British journal of nutrition · 2013
    Cross-sectional study1,311 participantsWeight Loss forIodine
  233. Iodine Intake Estimated by 24 h Urine Collection in the Italian Adult Population: 2008-2012 Survey.
    Iacone R; Iaccarino Idelson P; Formisano P; Russo O; Lo Noce C; Donfrancesco C; Macchia PE; Palmieri L; Galeone D; di Lenarda A; Giampaoli S; Strazzullo P · Nutrients · 2021
    Cross-sectional study2,378 participantsWeight Loss forIodine
  234. Iodine intake in adults: Sociodemographic and dietary determinants from a National Health survey.
    Durán-Agüero S; Daga R · Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2026
    Cross-sectional study1,230 participantsWeight Loss forIodine
  235. Zinc and selenium supplementation on treated HIV-infected individuals induces changes in body composition and on the expression of genes responsible of naïve CD8+ T cells function.
    Osuna-Padilla IA; Rodríguez-Moguel NC; Aguilar-Vargas A; Tolentino-Dolores M; Perichart-Perera O; Ahumada-Topete V; Ávila-Ríos S; Soto-Nava M; Diaz-Rivera D; De León-Lara E; Wilson-Verdugo M; Briceño O · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Randomized trial60 participantsWeight Loss forSelenium
  236. Significant reverse association between dietary selenium intake and visceral adiposity in the CODING study.
    Yu S; Zhang H; Du J; Sun G · Scientific reports · 2025
    Cross-sectional study3,244 participantsWeight Loss forSelenium
  237. Dietary selenium intake modulates thyroid hormone and energy metabolism in men.
    Hawkes WC; Keim NL · The Journal of nutrition · 2004
    Non-randomized trial11 participantsWeight Loss forSelenium
  238. The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Body Composition and Thyroid Function in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review.
    Zavros A; Giannaki CD; Aphamis G; Roupa Z; Andreou E · Journal of dietary supplements · 2023
    Systematic review13 studies pooledWeight Loss forSelenium
  239. Significant Beneficial Association of High Dietary Selenium Intake with Reduced Body Fat in the CODING Study.
    Wang Y; Gao X; Pedram P; Shahidi M; Du J; Yi Y; Gulliver W; Zhang H; Sun G · Nutrients · 2016
    Cross-sectional study3,214 participantsWeight Loss forSelenium
  240. Effects of zinc supplementation on the anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose in the healthy obese adults.
    Payahoo L; Ostadrahimi A; Mobasseri M; Khaje Bishak Y; Farrin N; Asghari Jafarabadi M; Mahluji S · Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2013
    Randomized trial60 participantsWeight Loss forZinc
  241. Zinc supplementation improves body weight management, inflammatory biomarkers and insulin resistance in individuals with obesity: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
    Khorsandi H; Nikpayam O; Yousefi R; Parandoosh M; Hosseinzadeh N; Saidpour A; Ghorbani A · Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024
    Randomized trial40 participantsWeight Loss forZinc
  242. Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices and Adipokines in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Salmani M; Karimi M; Asbaghi O; Bagheri R; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Bakhtiary F; Goudarzi K; Kazemi K; Shouhani Z; Setayesh L; Haghighat N; Ashtary-Larky D · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Meta-analysis41 studies pooledWeight Loss forZinc
  243. Serum zinc levels are associated with obesity and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Mexican adults.
    Hernández-Mendoza H; Martínez-Navarro I; Hernández-Ochoa E; Espinoza-Ruiz M; Lugo-Trampe A; Trujillo-Murillo KDC; López-García MA; Rios-Lugo MJ; Chang-Rueda C · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2022
    Meta-analysis172 participantsWeight Loss forZinc