Mature Multi

Mature Multi

Kirkland Signature4.7 (73 ratings)
Format:Tablet Quantity: 400 Tablet(s) · 400 servings
Goals
$18.99 $0.04 per serving

Product analysis

45 out of 100

Mature Multi offers broad vitamin and mineral coverage to help fill gaps in dietary intake. The nutrient forms are not clearly specified, making closer quality comparisons difficult.

AI assessment of the formula, label and price. How scoring works

Nutrient Quality20

The nutrient forms are not clearly specified, limiting direct quality comparisons. Unclear proportions among some mineral sources also prevent a precise judgment of their contributions.

Ingredient Transparency63

Amounts are stated for all listed nutrients. Their forms are unspecified in the nutrient details, making detailed comparisons harder.

Value For Money60

Several vitamin and mineral comparisons suggest a low-cost serving, while vitamin E offers weaker value. Some price comparisons are older, so current value remains less certain.

Customer Satisfaction71

The relatively small set of ratings is very positive. The limited number gives a narrower picture of customer satisfaction.

Product Focus29

The broad formula is most useful for filling nutritional gaps across several related functions. Its small calcium and magnesium amounts provide limited mineral support, so it is not a complete source of those minerals.

Format
Tablet
Container
400 Tablet(s)
Per serving
$0.04
Customer rating
4.7 · 73 ratings
Report analysis

Goals

Impact
Highest effect
B- Ingredient FitA+ PathwaysB+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Folate · 500 mcgVitamin B12 · 125 mcgVitamin D · 500 IUMagnesium · 50 mgVitamin K · 30 mcgBoron · 150 mcgSelenium · 55 mcgZinc · 11 mgVitamin C · 90 mg

The vitamins and minerals can help fill gaps in nutrient intake. B vitamins and folate contribute to nutritional coverage, while vitamin D and magnesium add mineral-related support; iodine helps avoid consequences of low iodine intake. These roles do not establish improved general-health outcomes above adequate intake or special benefits from combining the ingredients.

How this product is rated for Everyday Health

Ingredient fit72

Relevant ingredients form only part of a formula that also addresses other goals.
Goal fit
Relevant ingredients form only part of a formula that also addresses other goals.
Dose adequacy
The included amounts partly meet the saved references; an unresolved amount cannot establish a dose contribution.

Pathways100

The strongest represented mechanism is energy metabolism cofactors. This describes ingredient roles rather than demonstrated health improvement.
Depth
The strongest represented mechanism is energy metabolism cofactors. This describes ingredient roles rather than demonstrated health improvement.
Breadth
Several mechanisms are represented, without establishing an equally broad range of health benefits.

Evidence82

Vitamin B9 (Folate) supplies the strongest included evidence contribution; preparation and population limitations still apply.
Evidence strength
Vitamin B9 (Folate) supplies the strongest included evidence contribution; preparation and population limitations still apply.
Studied preparation
The included preparations match the saved references, without transferring nutrient availability into broader health benefits.

Formulation logic100

No matching ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied findings.
Partner coverage
The included contributors can act independently or have their required partner; this does not establish combination synergy.
Conflicts
No matching ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied findings.
Effective doses
All included contributors meet the saved minimum amount threshold, which is not a proven minimum effective dose.
Study evidence
Boron Supportive 6 studies
Folate Supportive 80 studies
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies
Vitamin K Supportive 34 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Ingredient FitF PathwaysA EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Iodine · 150 mcgVitamin D · 500 IUVitamin B5 · 10 mgMagnesium · 50 mgRiboflavin · 1.7 mgThiamin · 1.5 mgVitamin B12 · 125 mcgPotassium · 80 mg

B vitamins, vitamin C and magnesium contribute to nutritional support where inadequate intake causes tiredness. Iodine supports thyroid physiology, but neither it nor potassium provides an unconditional energy boost. The 125 mcg B12 declaration and other higher amounts do not imply more benefit once nutritional needs are met.

How this product is rated for Energy

Ingredient fit54

Relevant ingredients sit within a broader formula with several other purposes. The counted amounts meet only part of the saved comparison criteria.
Goal fit
Relevant ingredients sit within a broader formula with several other purposes.
Dose adequacy
The counted amounts meet only part of the saved comparison criteria.

Pathways0

The saved assessment finds no coverage of the listed energy mechanisms. None of the listed pathways reaches the saved coverage threshold.
Depth
The saved assessment finds no coverage of the listed energy mechanisms.
Breadth
None of the listed pathways reaches the saved coverage threshold.

Evidence95

Vitamin D provides the strongest saved evidence contribution among ingredients at qualifying amounts. Preparation matching remains incomplete for Iodine.
Evidence strength
Vitamin D provides the strongest saved evidence contribution among ingredients at qualifying amounts.
Studied preparation
Preparation matching remains incomplete for Iodine.

Formulation logic100

The counted ingredients can contribute alone or have their required partner present. No configured ingredient conflict was found in the supplied assessment. 11 of 11 counted ingredients meet the saved minimum amount criterion.
Partner coverage
The counted ingredients can contribute alone or have their required partner present.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was found in the supplied assessment.
Effective doses
11 of 11 counted ingredients meet the saved minimum amount criterion.
Study evidence
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Magnesium Supportive 4 studies
Potassium Supportive 2 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies
Vanadium Adverse 2 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 32 studies
Immunity
Impact
Moderate effect
D- Ingredient FitD- PathwaysA+ EvidenceA Formulation Logic
Magnesium · 50 mgVitamin C · 90 mgZinc · 11 mgVitamin A · 2500 IUVitamin D · 500 IUSelenium · 55 mcg

Zinc at 11 mg, vitamin D at 12.5 mcg and selenium at 55 mcg support normal immune-cell function. Vitamin C at 90 mg adds antioxidant and barrier support, while copper, folate and vitamins B6 and B12 help meet nutritional needs relevant to immune defenses. Benefits are mainly about maintaining adequate intake, rather than reliably preventing infections.

How this product is rated for Immunity

Ingredient fit42

The formula serves several needs, so only part of it is focused on immunity. Small or unresolved relevant amounts limit the contribution.
Goal fit
The formula serves several needs, so only part of it is focused on immunity.
Dose adequacy
Small or unresolved relevant amounts limit the contribution.

Pathways43

Lymphocyte function and immune regulation is the strongest area of support in the saved findings. The saved findings show meaningful coverage of 1 aspect of immune support, with less coverage elsewhere.
Depth
Lymphocyte function and immune regulation is the strongest area of support in the saved findings.
Breadth
The saved findings show meaningful coverage of 1 aspect of immune support, with less coverage elsewhere.

Evidence100

Zinc provides the strongest relevant evidence at the assessed amount; normal nutritional function is distinct from preventing infections. The qualifying ingredients match preparations represented in the supplied evidence.
Evidence strength
Zinc provides the strongest relevant evidence at the assessed amount; normal nutritional function is distinct from preventing infections.
Studied preparation
The qualifying ingredients match preparations represented in the supplied evidence.

Formulation logic94

The assessed ingredients can contribute on their own or have their required partner present. No ingredient conflicts were identified in the saved assessment. Some ingredients had small or unresolved amounts, including Vitamin A, Vitamin E.
Partner coverage
The assessed ingredients can contribute on their own or have their required partner present.
Conflicts
No ingredient conflicts were identified in the saved assessment.
Effective doses
Some ingredients had small or unresolved amounts, including Vitamin A, Vitamin E.
Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 8 studies
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 21 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Bone Health
Impact
High effect
D+ Ingredient FitC PathwaysA+ EvidenceA Formulation Logic
Phosphorus · 110 mgVitamin K · 30 mcgMagnesium · 50 mgCalcium · 220 mgVitamin D · 500 IUCopper · 0.9 mgManganese · 2.3 mgBoron · 150 mcgZinc · 11 mgVitamin C · 90 mg

Vitamin D supports calcium absorption and mineralization when vitamin D status is low. Vitamin C and copper support formation and cross-linking of the bone collagen framework when their intake is insufficient. The saved findings emphasize these nutritional roles, while the small calcium and magnesium amounts do not provide meaningful mineral support. The vitamin K preparation is unidentified, so MK-7-specific bone-density findings cannot be assumed.

How this product is rated for Bone Health

Ingredient fit52

Several nutrients relate to bone nutrition, but the formula also serves broader nutritional goals.
Goal fit
Several nutrients relate to bone nutrition, but the formula also serves broader nutritional goals.
Dose adequacy
Amounts vary in their contribution; low or unresolved quantities reduce the combined amount finding.

Pathways60

The strongest route is collagen matrix formation, based on the relevant declared nutrients.
Depth
The strongest route is collagen matrix formation, based on the relevant declared nutrients.
Breadth
Meaningful coverage is concentrated in collagen matrix formation; other routes remain limited.

Evidence95

The saved findings give zinc or calcium the strongest evidence standing, but nutrient roles do not establish routine fracture prevention.
Evidence strength
The saved findings give zinc or calcium the strongest evidence standing, but nutrient roles do not establish routine fracture prevention.
Studied preparation
Potassium lacks a match to the studied preparation; other eligible ingredients are accepted in the saved findings.

Formulation logic94

Vitamin D lacks sufficient calcium support under the saved partner finding.
Partner coverage
Vitamin D lacks sufficient calcium support under the saved partner finding.
Conflicts
No evaluated ingredient conflict was found in the supplied facts.
Effective doses
Vitamin A has an unresolved usable amount and does not clear the saved threshold; the other counted ingredients do.
Study evidence
Boron Supportive 5 studies
Calcium Supportive 144 studies
Copper Disputed 20 studies
Folate Supportive 50 studies
Magnesium Supportive 48 studies
Manganese Adverse 12 studies
Phosphorus Supportive 44 studies
Potassium Supportive 39 studies
Silicon Supportive 13 studies
Vitamin A Adverse 56 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 46 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 202 studies
Vitamin K Supportive 78 studies
Zinc Supportive 33 studies
Longevity
Impact
Moderate effect
D- Ingredient FitD- PathwaysB+ EvidenceA+ Formulation Logic
Folate · 500 mcgMagnesium · 50 mgVitamin B12 · 125 mcgVitamin K · 30 mcgVitamin D · 500 IU

Vitamin B12 supports normal nerve function, and vitamin D helps maintain muscle function when nutritional needs are met. Vitamin C contributes to collagen formation; the broader mineral and antioxidant ingredients add nutritional support, with no implied extra anti-aging benefit above adequate intake.

How this product is rated for Longevity

Ingredient fit45

6 assessed ingredients relate to healthy aging, alongside 18 other active ingredients (Biotin, Calcium, Chloride, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Phosphorus, Potassium, Riboflavin, Silicon, Thiamin, Vanadium, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin A). The product’s broader uses also affect its focus. The assessed amounts provide limited support relative to the saved comparison amounts; any undisclosed amount cannot add dose support.
Goal fit
6 assessed ingredients relate to healthy aging, alongside 18 other active ingredients (Biotin, Calcium, Chloride, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Phosphorus, Potassium, Riboflavin, Silicon, Thiamin, Vanadium, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin A). The product’s broader uses also affect its focus.
Dose adequacy
The assessed amounts provide limited support relative to the saved comparison amounts; any undisclosed amount cannot add dose support.

Pathways41

The strongest saved support concerns antioxidant defence, with meaningful coverage. Only 1 of the 3 target functions reaches the saved coverage level.
Depth
The strongest saved support concerns antioxidant defence, with meaningful coverage.
Breadth
Only 1 of the 3 target functions reaches the saved coverage level.

Evidence83

Vitamin D supplies the strongest saved evidence contribution at an assessed amount. The support remains subject to that ingredient’s preparation and population limits. The assessed ingredients at meaningful amounts match the preparations accepted in the saved assessment.
Evidence strength
Vitamin D supplies the strongest saved evidence contribution at an assessed amount. The support remains subject to that ingredient’s preparation and population limits.
Studied preparation
The assessed ingredients at meaningful amounts match the preparations accepted in the saved assessment.

Formulation logic96

The assessed ingredients can contribute independently or have their required partner present. No configured ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied assessment. 5 of 6 assessed ingredients reach the saved minimum for a meaningful amount; Vitamin E falls below it.
Partner coverage
The assessed ingredients can contribute independently or have their required partner present.
Conflicts
No configured ingredient conflict was identified in the supplied assessment.
Effective doses
5 of 6 assessed ingredients reach the saved minimum for a meaningful amount; Vitamin E falls below it.
Study evidence
Boron Not classified

No linked studies yet.

Folate Supportive 16 studies
Lycopene Supportive 11 studies
Magnesium Supportive 12 studies
Selenium Supportive 27 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 30 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 50 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 19 studies
Vitamin K Supportive 27 studies
Zinc Supportive 10 studies
Hair Health
Impact
Moderate effect
D Ingredient FitF PathwaysA+ EvidenceA Formulation Logic
Biotin · 30 mcgVitamin D · 500 IUZinc · 11 mgVitamin C · 90 mg

Zinc may help with diffuse shedding if you're low in this mineral. That makes its relevance depend on the cause of the shedding, rather than the ingredient's presence alone. Extra zinc isn't known to promote regrowth when you already get enough, and the particular zinc form doesn't imply better hair results.

How this product is rated for Hair Health

Ingredient fit47

Zinc is relevant to shedding caused by low zinc. Other ingredients serve broader nutritional purposes.
Goal fit
Several nutrients relate to hair biology, alongside ingredients intended for other purposes.
Dose adequacy
Amounts vary across the ingredients, so their individual contributions differ; Zinc is declared at 11 mg per serving.

Pathways18

Selenium relates to antioxidant activity and copper to hair structure; these roles alone don’t show that hair will regrow.
Depth
Selenium relates to antioxidant activity and copper to hair structure; these roles alone don’t show that hair will regrow.
Breadth
The possible roles are limited to the ingredients described; broad action across the causes of hair loss cannot be assumed.

Evidence97

Zinc is relevant to shedding caused by low zinc. The iodine preparation has no demonstrated direct hair benefit; nutrient forms alone do not guarantee regrowth.
Evidence strength
Zinc is relevant to shedding caused by low zinc.
Studied preparation
The iodine preparation has no demonstrated direct hair benefit; nutrient forms alone do not guarantee regrowth.

Formulation logic94

No particular ingredient conflict or missing required partner is identified. Individual nutrient roles do not imply an extra benefit from combining them.
Partner coverage
No additional partner is required for the individual ingredient roles described.
Conflicts
No particular ingredient conflict is identified.
Effective doses
Vitamin A and D amounts remain unresolved in the comparable units; this does not mean those vitamins are absent.
Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 4 studies
Copper Adverse 4 studies
Folate Mixed 15 studies
Iodine No effect 1 study
Niacin Disputed 2 studies
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Silicon Supportive 2 studies
Vitamin A Disputed 13 studies
Vitamin D Disputed 34 studies
Vitamin E No effect 3 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per servingScore
Vitamin A
2500 IU 62
Vitamin C
90 mg
Vitamin D3
500 IU 76
Vitamin E
50 IU 27
Vitamin K
30 mcg
Thiamine
1.5 mg
Riboflavin
1.7 mg
Niacin
20 mg
Vitamin B6
3 mg
Folic Acid
500 mcg 50
Vitamin B12
125 mcg 27
Biotin
30 mcg
Pantothenic Acid
10 mg
Calcium
220 mg 61
Phosphorus
110 mg 70
Iodine
150 mcg 88
Magnesium
50 mg
Zinc
11 mg
Selenium
55 mcg 47
Copper
0.9 mg 61
Manganese
2.3 mg 58
Chromium
45 mcg
Molybdenum
45 mcg 46
Chloride
72 mg 77
Potassium
80 mg
Silicon
2 mg 43
Lycopene
300 mcg
Lutein
250 mcg
Boron
150 mcg
Vanadium
10 mcg 49
Nickel
5 mcg
Gluten Free Women Seniors 50+
Report overview
Iodine · 150 mcg OverallScore88
C+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value
A serving provides 150 mcg of iodine, while its nutrient entry’s source is unresolved. Potassium iodide appears separately in other ingredients, so its contribution to the amount is unknown.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability69

The nutrient entry’s chemical form is unresolved; potassium iodide appears separately in other ingredients, and its contribution to the iodine amount is unknown.
Iodine Form & Bioavailability
The nutrient entry’s chemical form is unresolved; potassium iodide appears separately in other ingredients, and its contribution to the iodine amount is unknown.
Marine Source Purity & Sourcing
No marine source is recorded, so the marine-specific criterion does not apply; that does not establish contaminant absence.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency100

A serving provides 150 mcg of iodine.
Dosage Efficacy for Daily Support
A serving provides 150 mcg of iodine.
Dosage Safety & Upper Limits
The evaluation does not flag the stated 150 mcg per serving as exceeding its safety limit.
Elemental Iodine Transparency
The amount of iodine per serving is stated.

Value100

The whole-product serving costs about $0.05.
Price Per Effective Serving
The whole-product serving costs about $0.05.
Phosphorus · 110 mg OverallScore70
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value
Each serving provides 110 mg of phosphorus. Dicalcium Phosphate appears among the other ingredients, but its contribution to the phosphorus total is unknown.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability25

Dicalcium Phosphate appears in Other Ingredients, but the phosphorus source and its contribution to the total remain unresolved.
Phosphorus Form Quality
Dicalcium Phosphate is present, but the source of the declared phosphorus and the amounts from each source are unresolved.
Form Disclosure Clarity
The phosphorus entry does not name a source; dicalcium phosphate is listed in Other Ingredients.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency100

The label states 110 mg of phosphorus per serving.
Dose Adequacy and Safety
Each serving provides 110 mg of phosphorus.
Elemental Dose Transparency
The label directly states 110 mg of phosphorus per serving.

Value100

A whole-product serving costs about $0.05.
Price Per Serving Efficiency
The price is about $0.05 per whole-product serving.
Calcium · 220 mg OverallScore61
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityC+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value
Each serving provides 220 mg of calcium, but its source is not fully clear. The whole product costs about $0.05 per serving.
How this ingredient is rated

Active Ingredient Quality & Bioavailability37

The calcium amount is stated, but its source is not fully clear. Separately listed calcium compounds cannot be assigned shares of that amount.
Calcium Form & Absorption Potential
Dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate and calcium D-pantothenate appear in other ingredients; their contributions to the stated calcium amount are unknown.
Elemental Calcium Transparency
The amount of calcium itself is stated as 220 mg per serving.

Dose, Safety & Label Transparency66

Each serving provides 220 mg of calcium. A flow agent is recorded among the product ingredients.
Absorption-Optimized Serving Dose
Each serving provides 220 mg of calcium.
Formulation Purity & Additives
A flow agent is recorded among the product ingredients.

Value100

The whole product costs about $0.05 per serving.
Price Per Serving Efficiency
The whole product costs about $0.05 per serving.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. [Comparative study of the urinary excretion of boron, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis].
    José Ramón V; Mora Mora M; Marino Alarcón O; Hernández G; Josefina Linares L; Urdaneta Romero H; Arévalo González E · Investigacion clinica · 2013
    Case-control study45 participantsBone Health forBoron
  2. Effect of dietary boron on mineral, estrogen, and testosterone metabolism in postmenopausal women.
    Nielsen FH; Hunt CD; Mullen LM; Hunt JR · FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 1987
    Single-arm trial12 participantsBone Health forBoron
  3. The relationship between boron and magnesium status and bone mineral density in the human: a review.
    Volpe SL; Taper LJ; Meacham S · Magnesium research · 1994
    Narrative reviewBone Health forBoron
  4. Effects of boron supplementation on bone mineral density and dietary, blood, and urinary calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and boron in female athletes.
    Meacham SL; Taper LJ; Volpe SL · Environmental health perspectives · 1995
    Randomized trial28 participantsBone Health forBoron
  5. Metabolic responses of postmenopausal women to supplemental dietary boron and aluminum during usual and low magnesium intake: boron, calcium, and magnesium absorption and retention and blood mineral concentrations
    C D Hunt, J L Herbel, F H Nielsen · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 1997
    Non-randomized trial11 participantsBone Health forBoron
  6. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Manoj P; Derwin R; George S · International journal of older people nursing · 2023
    Meta-analysis12,620 participants7 studies pooledBone Health forCalcium
  7. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Storm D; Eslin R; Porter ES; Musgrave K; Vereault D; Patton C; Kessenich C; Mohan S; Chen T; Holick MF; Rosen CJ · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 1998
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  8. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women.
    Prince R; Devine A; Dick I; Criddle A; Kerr D; Kent N; Price R; Randell A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1995
    Randomized trial168 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  9. The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.
    Rajatanavin R; Chailurkit L; Saetung S; Thakkinstian A; Nimitphong H · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial404 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  10. Calcium-enriched foods and bone mass growth in prepubertal girls: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bonjour JP; Carrie AL; Ferrari S; Clavien H; Slosman D; Theintz G; Rizzoli R · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997
    Randomized trial149 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  11. The Association between Dietary and Circulating Copper Levels and Osteoporosis: a Scoping Review.
    Ju Y; Xiong W; Pang Y; Chen Z; Hou J; Zheng S; Li Z; Liu T; Xia H; Xia M; Zhong Y; Li J; Jiang X · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Scoping review18 studies pooledBone Health forCopper
  12. Association between dietary copper, iron, zinc, selenium intake and osteopenia or osteoporosis in elderly hypertensive patients: a retrospective cohort study.
    Chen M; Jia L; Gao R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort study5,286 participantsBone Health forCopper
  13. Associations of dietary copper intake with total bone mineral density and lumbar spine bone mineral density in American adults.
    Hu M; Wang Z; Li C; Zheng Y; Hu J · Medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forCopper
  14. The association between dietary mineral intake and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.
    Wei M; Wei J; Huang S · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study11,520 participantsBone Health forCopper
  15. Association between dietary copper intake and bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years: A cross-sectional study.
    Cui A; Yan J; Li H; Fan Z; Wei X; Wang H; Zhuang Y · PloS one · 2024
    Cross-sectional study6,965 participantsBone Health forCopper
  16. Association between RBC folate and lumbar bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2009-2018.
    Wei H; Jin Z; Zhou L; Tang G; Chai S; Che X; Tan Y; Zeng W · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,315 participantsBone Health forFolate
  17. Genetic variants modify the associations of concentrations of methylmalonic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate with bone mineral density.
    Liu CT; Karasik D; Xu H; Zhou Y; Broe K; Cupples LA; Cpgm de Groot L; Ham A; Hannan MT; Hsu YH; Jacques P; McLean RR; Paul L; Selhub J; Trajanoska K; van der Velde N; van Schoor N; Kiel DP · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021
    Cohort study4,310 participantsBone Health forFolate
  18. Adequate Intake and Supplementation of B Vitamins, in Particular Folic Acid, can Play a Protective Role in Bone Health.
    Rondanelli M; Tartara A; Fossari F; Vecchio V; Faliva MA; Naso M; Perna S; Nichetti M; Peroni G · Current aging science · 2022
    Narrative review35,298 participants29 studies pooledBone Health forFolate Bone Health forVitamin B6
  19. Relation of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 to bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.
    Cagnacci A; Baldassari F; Rivolta G; Arangino S; Volpe A · Bone · 2004
    Cross-sectional study161 participantsBone Health forFolate
  20. Dietary intake of folate, but not vitamin B2 or B12, is associated with increased bone mineral density 5 years after the menopause: results from a 10-year follow-up study in early postmenopausal women.
    Rejnmark L; Vestergaard P; Hermann AP; Brot C; Eiken P; Mosekilde L · Calcified tissue international · 2008
    Cohort study1,869 participantsBone Health forFolate